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cloga committed Jan 13, 2015
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"**\u63d0\u793a**\uff1a\u6587\u6863\n",
"* [Artists](http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/api/artist_api.html)\n",
"* [BBox](http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/api/artist_api.html#matplotlib.text.Text.set_bbox)\n",
" The tick labels are now hardly visible because of the blue and red lines. We can make them bigger and we can also adjust their properties such that they\u2019ll be rendered on a semi-transparent white background. This will allow us to see both the data and the labels.\n",
"...\n",
"\n",
"\u56e0\u4e3a\u84dd\u8272\u548c\u7ea2\u8272\u7684\u7ebf\uff0c\u523b\u5ea6\u6807\u7b7e\u5f88\u96be\u770b\u5230\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u66f4\u5927\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u6574\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4ed6\u4eec\u88ab\u5904\u7406\u4e3a\u534a\u900f\u660e\u7684\u767d\u8272\u80cc\u666f\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u770b\u5230\u6570\u636e\u548c\u6807\u7b7e\u3002\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"for label in ax.get_xticklabels() + ax.get_yticklabels():\n",
" label.set_fontsize(16)\n",
" label.set_bbox(dict(facecolor='white', edgecolor='None', alpha=0.65))\n"
" label.set_bbox(dict(facecolor='white', edgecolor='None', alpha=0.65))\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"<a class=\"reference external image-reference\" href=\"http://scipy-lectures.github.io/intro/auto_examples/plot_exercice_10.html\"><img alt=\"plot_exercice_10_1.png\" class=\"align-right\" src=\"http://scipy-lectures.github.io/_images/plot_exercice_10_1.png\" style=\"width: 280.0px; height: 175.0px;\"></a>\n",
"\n",
"## 1.4.3 \u56fe\u5f62\u3001\u5b50\u56fe\u3001\u8f74\u548c\u523b\u5ea6\n",
"\n",
"\u5728matplotlib\u4e2d\u201c**\u56fe\u5f62**\u201d\u662f\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u4e2d\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fe\u5f62\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u201c**\u5b50\u56fe**\u201d\u3002\n",
"\n",
"\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u4f7f\u7528\u56fe\u5f62\u548c\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u8f74\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f\u7ed8\u56fe\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u56fe\u5f62\u3001\u5b50\u56fe\u548c\u8f74\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u663e\u793a\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b50\u56fe\u5c06\u56fe\u8868\u653e\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u7f51\u683c\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f74\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u56fe\u5f62\u4e2d\u653e\u5728\u4efb\u610f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4f60\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u56fe\u5f62\u548c\u5b50\u56fe\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8c03\u7528plot\u65f6\uff0cmatplotlib\u8c03\u7528`gca()`\u6765\u83b7\u5f97\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u5750\u6807\u8f74\uff0c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8c03\u7528`gcf()`\u83b7\u5f97\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5f53\u524d\u56fe\u5f62\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c06\u8c03\u7528`figure()`\u53bb\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u4e25\u683c\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a`subplot(111)\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u8be6\u7ec6\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\n",
"\n",
"### 1.4.3.1 \u56fe\u5f62\n",
"\n",
"\u56fe\u5f62\u662f\u5728GUI\u4e2d\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u6807\u9898\u662f\"Figure #\"\u3002\u56fe\u5f62\u7684\u6807\u53f7\u4ece1\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5e38\u89c4\u7684Python\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ece0\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u8fd9\u660e\u663e\u662fMATLAB-\u98ce\u683c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u51b3\u5b9a\u56fe\u5f62\u7684\u5916\u89c2\uff1a\n",
"\n",
"\u53c2\u6570|\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c|\u63cf\u8ff0\n",
"--------|-------|-----------\n",
"num |1 |\u56fe\u5f62\u7f16\u53f7\n",
"figsize |figure.figsize|\u4ee5\u82f1\u5bf8\u8868\u793a\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u5927\u5c0f\uff08\u5bbd\u3001\u9ad8\uff09\n",
"dpi |figure.dpi|\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u4ee5\u6bcf\u82f1\u5bf8\u70b9\u6570\u8868\u793a\n",
"facecolor|figure.facecolor|\u80cc\u666f\u8272\n",
"edgecolor|figure.edgecolor|\u80cc\u666f\u8fb9\u7f18\u8272\n",
"frameon|True|\u662f\u5426\u7ed8\u5236\u6846\u67b6\n",
"\n",
"\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8d44\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6307\u660e\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u7edd\u5927\u6570\u65f6\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u56fe\u5f62\u6570\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u6539\u53d8\u3002\n",
"\n",
"\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u5bf9\u8c61\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528setp\u6216\u8005set_something\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u56fe\u5f62\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\n",
"\n",
"\u5f53\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528GUI\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u70b9\u51fb\u53f3\u4e0a\u7684X\u5173\u95ed\u56fe\u5f62\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528close\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5173\u95ed\u56fe\u5f62\u3002\u6839\u636e\u53c2\u6570\u5173\u95ed\u4e0d\u540c\u5185\u5bb9\uff081\uff09\u5f53\u524d\u56fe\u5f62\uff08\u6ca1\u6709\u53c2\u6570\uff09\uff0c\uff082\uff09\u7279\u5b9a\u56fe\u5f62\uff08\u7528\u56fe\u5f62\u7f16\u53f7\u6216\u56fe\u5f62\u5b9e\u4f8b\u505a\u53c2\u6570\uff09\uff0c\uff083\uff09\u6240\u6709\u56fe\u5f62\uff08\"all\"\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\uff09\u3002\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"pl.close(1) # Closes figure 1\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"### 1.4.3.2 \u5b50\u56fe\n",
"\n",
"\u7528\u5b50\u56fe\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u56fe\u7247\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u65b9\u683c\u4e2d\u3002\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u884c\u5217\u6570\u548c\u56fe\u7247\u6570\u3002 \u6ce8\u610f[gridspec](http://matplotlib.org/users/gridspec.html)\u547d\u4ee4\u76f8\u5bf9\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u7ea7\u3002\n",
"\n",
"<a class=\"reference external image-reference\" href=\"http://scipy-lectures.github.io/intro/auto_examples/plot_subplot-horizontal.html\"><img alt=\"plot_subplot-horizontal_1.png\" src=\"http://scipy-lectures.github.io/_images/plot_subplot-horizontal_1.png\" style=\"width: 168.0px; height: 112.0px;\"></a><a class=\"reference external image-reference\" href=\"http://scipy-lectures.github.io/intro/auto_examples/plot_subplot-vertical.html\"><img alt=\"plot_subplot-vertical_1.png\" src=\"http://scipy-lectures.github.io/_images/plot_subplot-vertical_1.png\" style=\"width: 168.0px; height: 112.0px;\"></a><a class=\"reference external image-reference\" href=\"http://scipy-lectures.github.io/intro/auto_examples/plot_subplot-grid.html\"><img alt=\"plot_subplot-grid_1.png\" src=\"http://scipy-lectures.github.io/_images/plot_subplot-grid_1.png\" style=\"width: 168.0px; height: 112.0px;\"></a><a class=\"reference external image-reference\" href=\"http://scipy-lectures.github.io/intro/auto_examples/plot_gridspec.html\"><img alt=\"plot_gridspec_1.png\" src=\"http://scipy-lectures.github.io/_images/plot_gridspec_1.png\" style=\"width: 168.0px; height: 112.0px;\"></a>\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"### 1.4.3.3 \u8f74\n",
"\n",
"\u8f74\u4e0e\u5b50\u56fe\u975e\u5e38\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5141\u8bb8\u56fe\u5f62\u653e\u5728\u56fe\u7247\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u56fe\u5f62\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5927\u56fe\u5f62\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u8f74\u3002\n",
"\n",
"<a class=\"reference external image-reference\" href=\"http://scipy-lectures.github.io/intro/auto_examples/plot_axes.html\"><img alt=\"plot_axes_1.png\" src=\"http://scipy-lectures.github.io/_images/plot_axes_1.png\" style=\"width: 280.0px; height: 210.0px;\"></a><a class=\"reference external image-reference\" href=\"http://scipy-lectures.github.io/intro/auto_examples/plot_axes-2.html\"><img alt=\"plot_axes-2_1.png\" src=\"http://scipy-lectures.github.io/_images/plot_axes-2_1.png\" style=\"width: 280.0px; height: 210.0px;\"></a>\n",
"\n",
"### 1.4.3.4 \u523b\u5ea6\n",
"\n",
"\u683c\u5f0f\u826f\u597d\u7684\u523b\u5ea6\u662f\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u53d1\u5e03\u56fe\u7247\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u90e8\u5206\u3002Matplotlib\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u63a7\u7684\u523b\u5ea6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u6709\u523b\u5ea6\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u523b\u5ea6\u8be5\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u54ea\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u523b\u5ea6\u683c\u5f0f\u6765\u7ed9\u51fa\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u523b\u5ea6\u5916\u89c2\u3002\u4e3b\u523b\u5ea6\u548c\u81ea\u523b\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u72ec\u7acb\u653e\u7f6e\u548c\u6574\u7406\u4e2a\u4e8b\u3002 Major and minor ticks can be located and formatted independently from each other. Per default minor ticks are not shown, i.e. there is only an empty list for them because it is as NullLocator (see below)."
]
},
{
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