sql: support named arguments for routines

[DrewKimball]

In addition to the usual positional notation, postgres allows a routine to be invoked with named arguments:

postgres=# create function foo (a int, b int) returns int language sql as $$ select a; $$;
CREATE FUNCTION

-- Positional args
postgres=# select foo(1, 2);
 foo
-----
   1
(1 row)

-- Named args in usual order
postgres=# select foo(a => 1, b => 2);
 foo
-----
   1
(1 row)

-- Named args in reverse order
postgres=# select foo(b => 1, a => 2);
 foo
-----
   2
(1 row)

It's also possible to use := instead of =>:

postgres=# select foo(b := 1, a := 2);
 foo
-----
   2
(1 row)

Finally, named and positional notation can be used together, as long as named arguments follow all positional arguments:

postgres=# create function foo (a int, b int default 200, c int default 300) returns int language sql as $$ select b; $$;
CREATE FUNCTION

postgres=# select foo(1, 2);
 foo
-----
   2
(1 row)

postgres=# select foo(1, c => 2);
 foo
-----
 200
(1 row)

postgres=# select foo(1, c => 2, b => -1);
 foo
-----
  -1
(1 row)

PG docs: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-syntax-calling-funcs.html#SQL-SYNTAX-CALLING-FUNCS-NAMED

Jira issue: CRDB-37780