opaque_types.rs

use rustc_data_structures::fx::FxHashSet;
use rustc_hir::intravisit::Visitor;
use rustc_hir::{def::DefKind, def_id::LocalDefId};
use rustc_hir::{intravisit, CRATE_HIR_ID};
use rustc_middle::query::Providers;
use rustc_middle::ty::util::{CheckRegions, NotUniqueParam};
use rustc_middle::ty::{self, Ty, TyCtxt};
use rustc_middle::ty::{TypeSuperVisitable, TypeVisitable, TypeVisitor};
use rustc_span::Span;

use crate::errors::{DuplicateArg, NotParam};

struct OpaqueTypeCollector<'tcx> {
    tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
    opaques: Vec<LocalDefId>,
    /// The `DefId` of the item which we are collecting opaque types for.
    item: LocalDefId,

    /// Avoid infinite recursion due to recursive declarations.
    seen: FxHashSet<LocalDefId>,

    span: Option<Span>,

    mode: CollectionMode,
}

enum CollectionMode {
    /// For impl trait in assoc types we only permit collecting them from
    /// associated types of the same impl block.
    ImplTraitInAssocTypes,
    TypeAliasImplTraitTransition,
}

impl<'tcx> OpaqueTypeCollector<'tcx> {
    fn new(tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, item: LocalDefId) -> Self {
        let mode = match tcx.def_kind(tcx.local_parent(item)) {
            DefKind::Impl { of_trait: true } => CollectionMode::ImplTraitInAssocTypes,
            _ => CollectionMode::TypeAliasImplTraitTransition,
        };
        Self { tcx, opaques: Vec::new(), item, seen: Default::default(), span: None, mode }
    }

    fn span(&self) -> Span {
        self.span.unwrap_or_else(|| {
            self.tcx.def_ident_span(self.item).unwrap_or_else(|| self.tcx.def_span(self.item))
        })
    }

    fn visit_spanned(&mut self, span: Span, value: impl TypeVisitable<TyCtxt<'tcx>>) {
        let old = self.span;
        self.span = Some(span);
        value.visit_with(self);
        self.span = old;
    }

    fn parent_impl_trait_ref(&self) -> Option<ty::TraitRef<'tcx>> {
        let parent = self.parent()?;
        if matches!(self.tcx.def_kind(parent), DefKind::Impl { .. }) {
            Some(self.tcx.impl_trait_ref(parent)?.instantiate_identity())
        } else {
            None
        }
    }

    fn parent(&self) -> Option<LocalDefId> {
        match self.tcx.def_kind(self.item) {
            DefKind::AssocFn | DefKind::AssocTy | DefKind::AssocConst => {
                Some(self.tcx.local_parent(self.item))
            }
            _ => None,
        }
    }

    /// Returns `true` if `opaque_hir_id` is a sibling or a child of a sibling of `self.item`.
    ///
    /// Example:
    /// ```ignore UNSOLVED (is this a bug?)
    /// # #![feature(type_alias_impl_trait)]
    /// pub mod foo {
    ///     pub mod bar {
    ///         pub trait Bar { /* ... */ }
    ///         pub type Baz = impl Bar;
    ///
    ///         # impl Bar for () {}
    ///         fn f1() -> Baz { /* ... */ }
    ///     }
    ///     fn f2() -> bar::Baz { /* ... */ }
    /// }
    /// ```
    ///
    /// and `opaque_def_id` is the `DefId` of the definition of the opaque type `Baz`.
    /// For the above example, this function returns `true` for `f1` and `false` for `f2`.
    #[instrument(level = "trace", skip(self), ret)]
    fn check_tait_defining_scope(&self, opaque_def_id: LocalDefId) -> bool {
        let mut hir_id = self.tcx.local_def_id_to_hir_id(self.item);
        let opaque_hir_id = self.tcx.local_def_id_to_hir_id(opaque_def_id);

        // Named opaque types can be defined by any siblings or children of siblings.
        let scope = self.tcx.hir().get_defining_scope(opaque_hir_id);
        // We walk up the node tree until we hit the root or the scope of the opaque type.
        while hir_id != scope && hir_id != CRATE_HIR_ID {
            hir_id = self.tcx.hir().get_parent_item(hir_id).into();
        }
        // Syntactically, we are allowed to define the concrete type if:
        hir_id == scope
    }

    #[instrument(level = "trace", skip(self))]
    fn collect_taits_declared_in_body(&mut self) {
        let body = self.tcx.hir().body(self.tcx.hir().body_owned_by(self.item)).value;
        struct TaitInBodyFinder<'a, 'tcx> {
            collector: &'a mut OpaqueTypeCollector<'tcx>,
        }
        impl<'v> intravisit::Visitor<'v> for TaitInBodyFinder<'_, '_> {
            #[instrument(level = "trace", skip(self))]
            fn visit_nested_item(&mut self, id: rustc_hir::ItemId) {
                let id = id.owner_id.def_id;
                if let DefKind::TyAlias = self.collector.tcx.def_kind(id) {
                    let items = self.collector.tcx.opaque_types_defined_by(id);
                    self.collector.opaques.extend(items);
                }
            }
            #[instrument(level = "trace", skip(self))]
            // Recurse into these, as they are type checked with their parent
            fn visit_nested_body(&mut self, id: rustc_hir::BodyId) {
                let body = self.collector.tcx.hir().body(id);
                self.visit_body(body);
            }
        }
        TaitInBodyFinder { collector: self }.visit_expr(body);
    }

    fn visit_opaque_ty(&mut self, alias_ty: &ty::AliasTy<'tcx>) {
        if !self.seen.insert(alias_ty.def_id.expect_local()) {
            return;
        }

        // TAITs outside their defining scopes are ignored.
        let origin = self.tcx.opaque_type_origin(alias_ty.def_id.expect_local());
        trace!(?origin);
        match origin {
            rustc_hir::OpaqueTyOrigin::FnReturn(_) | rustc_hir::OpaqueTyOrigin::AsyncFn(_) => {}
            rustc_hir::OpaqueTyOrigin::TyAlias { in_assoc_ty, .. } => {
                if !in_assoc_ty {
                    if !self.check_tait_defining_scope(alias_ty.def_id.expect_local()) {
                        return;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        self.opaques.push(alias_ty.def_id.expect_local());

        let parent_count = self.tcx.generics_of(alias_ty.def_id).parent_count;
        // Only check that the parent generics of the TAIT/RPIT are unique.
        // the args owned by the opaque are going to always be duplicate
        // lifetime params for RPITs, and empty for TAITs.
        match self
            .tcx
            .uses_unique_generic_params(&alias_ty.args[..parent_count], CheckRegions::FromFunction)
        {
            Ok(()) => {
                // FIXME: implement higher kinded lifetime bounds on nested opaque types. They are not
                // supported at all, so this is sound to do, but once we want to support them, you'll
                // start seeing the error below.

                // Collect opaque types nested within the associated type bounds of this opaque type.
                // We use identity args here, because we already know that the opaque type uses
                // only generic parameters, and thus instantiating would not give us more information.
                for (pred, span) in self
                    .tcx
                    .explicit_item_bounds(alias_ty.def_id)
                    .instantiate_identity_iter_copied()
                {
                    trace!(?pred);
                    self.visit_spanned(span, pred);
                }
            }
            Err(NotUniqueParam::NotParam(arg)) => {
                self.tcx.dcx().emit_err(NotParam {
                    arg,
                    span: self.span(),
                    opaque_span: self.tcx.def_span(alias_ty.def_id),
                });
            }
            Err(NotUniqueParam::DuplicateParam(arg)) => {
                self.tcx.dcx().emit_err(DuplicateArg {
                    arg,
                    span: self.span(),
                    opaque_span: self.tcx.def_span(alias_ty.def_id),
                });
            }
        }
    }
}

impl<'tcx> super::sig_types::SpannedTypeVisitor<'tcx> for OpaqueTypeCollector<'tcx> {
    #[instrument(skip(self), ret, level = "trace")]
    fn visit(&mut self, span: Span, value: impl TypeVisitable<TyCtxt<'tcx>>) {
        self.visit_spanned(span, value);
    }
}

impl<'tcx> TypeVisitor<TyCtxt<'tcx>> for OpaqueTypeCollector<'tcx> {
    #[instrument(skip(self), ret, level = "trace")]
    fn visit_ty(&mut self, t: Ty<'tcx>) {
        t.super_visit_with(self);
        match t.kind() {
            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, alias_ty) if alias_ty.def_id.is_local() => {
                self.visit_opaque_ty(alias_ty);
            }
            // Skips type aliases, as they are meant to be transparent.
            ty::Alias(ty::Weak, alias_ty) if alias_ty.def_id.is_local() => {
                self.tcx
                    .type_of(alias_ty.def_id)
                    .instantiate(self.tcx, alias_ty.args)
                    .visit_with(self);
            }
            ty::Alias(ty::Projection, alias_ty) => {
                // This avoids having to do normalization of `Self::AssocTy` by only
                // supporting the case of a method defining opaque types from assoc types
                // in the same impl block.
                if let Some(impl_trait_ref) = self.parent_impl_trait_ref() {
                    // If the trait ref of the associated item and the impl differs,
                    // then we can't use the impl's identity args below, so
                    // just skip.
                    if alias_ty.trait_ref(self.tcx) == impl_trait_ref {
                        let parent = self.parent().expect("we should have a parent here");

                        for &assoc in self.tcx.associated_items(parent).in_definition_order() {
                            trace!(?assoc);
                            if assoc.trait_item_def_id != Some(alias_ty.def_id) {
                                continue;
                            }

                            // If the type is further specializable, then the type_of
                            // is not actually correct below.
                            if !assoc.defaultness(self.tcx).is_final() {
                                continue;
                            }

                            if !self.seen.insert(assoc.def_id.expect_local()) {
                                return;
                            }

                            let impl_args = alias_ty.args.rebase_onto(
                                self.tcx,
                                impl_trait_ref.def_id,
                                ty::GenericArgs::identity_for_item(self.tcx, parent),
                            );

                            if self.tcx.check_args_compatible(assoc.def_id, impl_args) {
                                self.tcx
                                    .type_of(assoc.def_id)
                                    .instantiate(self.tcx, impl_args)
                                    .visit_with(self);
                                return;
                            } else {
                                self.tcx.dcx().span_delayed_bug(
                                    self.tcx.def_span(assoc.def_id),
                                    "item had incorrect args",
                                );
                            }
                        }
                    }
                } else if let Some(ty::ImplTraitInTraitData::Trait { fn_def_id, .. }) =
                    self.tcx.opt_rpitit_info(alias_ty.def_id)
                    && fn_def_id == self.item.into()
                {
                    // RPITIT in trait definitions get desugared to an associated type. For
                    // default methods we also create an opaque type this associated type
                    // normalizes to. The associated type is only known to normalize to the
                    // opaque if it is fully concrete. There could otherwise be an impl
                    // overwriting the default method.
                    //
                    // However, we have to be able to normalize the associated type while inside
                    // of the default method. This is normally handled by adding an unchecked
                    // `Projection(<Self as Trait>::synthetic_assoc_ty, trait_def::opaque)`
                    // assumption to the `param_env` of the default method. We also separately
                    // rely on that assumption here.
                    let ty = self.tcx.type_of(alias_ty.def_id).instantiate(self.tcx, alias_ty.args);
                    let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, alias_ty) = ty.kind() else { bug!("{ty:?}") };
                    self.visit_opaque_ty(alias_ty);
                }
            }
            ty::Adt(def, _) if def.did().is_local() => {
                if let CollectionMode::ImplTraitInAssocTypes = self.mode {
                    return;
                }
                if !self.seen.insert(def.did().expect_local()) {
                    return;
                }
                for variant in def.variants().iter() {
                    for field in variant.fields.iter() {
                        // Don't use the `ty::Adt` args, we either
                        // * found the opaque in the args
                        // * will find the opaque in the uninstantiated fields
                        // The only other situation that can occur is that after instantiating,
                        // some projection resolves to an opaque that we would have otherwise
                        // not found. While we could instantiate and walk those, that would mean we
                        // would have to walk all generic parameters of an Adt, which can quickly
                        // degenerate into looking at an exponential number of types.
                        let ty = self.tcx.type_of(field.did).instantiate_identity();
                        self.visit_spanned(self.tcx.def_span(field.did), ty);
                    }
                }
            }
            _ => trace!(kind=?t.kind()),
        }
    }
}

fn opaque_types_defined_by<'tcx>(
    tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
    item: LocalDefId,
) -> &'tcx ty::List<LocalDefId> {
    let kind = tcx.def_kind(item);
    trace!(?kind);
    let mut collector = OpaqueTypeCollector::new(tcx, item);
    super::sig_types::walk_types(tcx, item, &mut collector);
    match kind {
        DefKind::AssocFn
        | DefKind::Fn
        | DefKind::Static { .. }
        | DefKind::Const
        | DefKind::AssocConst
        | DefKind::AnonConst => {
            collector.collect_taits_declared_in_body();
        }
        DefKind::OpaqueTy
        | DefKind::TyAlias
        | DefKind::AssocTy
        | DefKind::Mod
        | DefKind::Struct
        | DefKind::Union
        | DefKind::Enum
        | DefKind::Variant
        | DefKind::Trait
        | DefKind::ForeignTy
        | DefKind::TraitAlias
        | DefKind::TyParam
        | DefKind::ConstParam
        | DefKind::Ctor(_, _)
        | DefKind::Macro(_)
        | DefKind::ExternCrate
        | DefKind::Use
        | DefKind::ForeignMod
        | DefKind::Field
        | DefKind::LifetimeParam
        | DefKind::GlobalAsm
        | DefKind::Impl { .. } => {}
        // Closures and coroutines are type checked with their parent, so we need to allow all
        // opaques from the closure signature *and* from the parent body.
        DefKind::Closure | DefKind::InlineConst => {
            collector.opaques.extend(tcx.opaque_types_defined_by(tcx.local_parent(item)));
        }
    }
    tcx.mk_local_def_ids(&collector.opaques)
}

pub(super) fn provide(providers: &mut Providers) {
    *providers = Providers { opaque_types_defined_by, ..*providers };
}