allow bumping for patch level version constraints (fixes #11579)

[verfriemelt-dot-org]

hi,

i think this is quite a straight forward thing and i think its very benefical to support bumping patch level constraints.
this will enable the mentioned constraint from #11579 to be updated

{
  "require-dev": {
    "phpstan/phpstan": "~1.10.0"
  }
}

what do you think?

[verfriemelt-dot-org]

btw, the PHPStan / PHPStan (8.1, true) pipeline should not be related to my changes at all 🤔

[MirakuSan]

I had the same problem on my PR #11551 with PHP 8.1 actions, seems that rebasing with master fix the issue, did you try it ?

[verfriemelt-dot-org]

this should go into 2.5, not into master. thats why i created #11594

[Seldaek]

Please rebase on main, but otherwise looks good to me I think.

[verfriemelt-dot-org]

rebased onto main 👍

[Seldaek]

Thanks