compression: support zstd with skippable frame

As a matter of fact, there are two frame formats defined by Zstandard: Zstandard frames and Skippable frames.
So we should probably support zstd algorithms with skippable frames.
See https://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-kucherawy-dispatch-zstd-00.html#rfc.section.2 for more details.

Signed-off-by: Da McGrady <dabkb@aol.com>

archive/compression/compression.go

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"compress/gzip"
 	"context"
+	"encoding/binary"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"os"
@@ -125,17 +126,52 @@ func (r *bufferedReader) Peek(n int) ([]byte, error) {
 	return r.buf.Peek(n)
 }
 
+const (
+	zstdMagicSkippableStart = 0x184D2A50
+	zstdMagicSkippableMask  = 0xFFFFFFF0
+)
+
+var (
+	gzipMagic = []byte{0x1F, 0x8B, 0x08}
+	zstdMagic = []byte{0x28, 0xb5, 0x2f, 0xfd}
+)
+
+type matcher = func([]byte) bool
+
+func magicNumberMatcher(m []byte) matcher {
+	return func(source []byte) bool {
+		return bytes.HasPrefix(source, m)
+	}
+}
+
+// zstdMatcher detects zstd compression algorithm.
+// There are two frame formats defined by Zstandard: Zstandard frames and Skippable frames.
+// See https://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-kucherawy-dispatch-zstd-00.html#rfc.section.2 for more details.
+func zstdMatcher() matcher {
+	return func(source []byte) bool {
+		if bytes.HasPrefix(source, zstdMagic) {
+			// Zstandard frame
+			return true
+		}
+		// skippable frame
+		if len(source) < 8 {
+			return false
+		}
+		// magic number from 0x184D2A50 to 0x184D2A5F.
+		if binary.LittleEndian.Uint32(source[:4])&zstdMagicSkippableMask == zstdMagicSkippableStart {
+			return true
+		}
+		return false
+	}
+}
+
 // DetectCompression detects the compression algorithm of the source.
 func DetectCompression(source []byte) Compression {
-	for compression, m := range map[Compression][]byte{
-		Gzip: {0x1F, 0x8B, 0x08},
-		Zstd: {0x28, 0xb5, 0x2f, 0xfd},
+	for compression, fn := range map[Compression]matcher{
+		Gzip: magicNumberMatcher(gzipMagic),
+		Zstd: zstdMatcher(),
 	} {
-		if len(source) < len(m) {
-			// Len too short
-			continue
-		}
-		if bytes.Equal(m, source[:len(m)]) {
+		if fn(source) {
 			return compression
 		}
 	}

archive/compression/compression_test.go

@@ -189,3 +189,39 @@ func TestCmdStreamBad(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("wrong output: %s", string(buf))
 	}
 }
+
+func TestDetectCompressionZstd(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		source   []byte
+		expected Compression
+	}{
+		{
+			// test zstd compression without skippable frames.
+			source: []byte{
+				0x28, 0xb5, 0x2f, 0xfd, // magic number of Zstandard frame: 0xFD2FB528
+				0x04, 0x00, 0x31, 0x00, 0x00, // frame header
+				0x64, 0x6f, 0x63, 0x6b, 0x65, 0x72, // data block "docker"
+				0x16, 0x0e, 0x21, 0xc3, // content checksum
+			},
+			expected: Zstd,
+		},
+		{
+			// test zstd compression with skippable frames.
+			source: []byte{
+				0x50, 0x2a, 0x4d, 0x18, // magic number of skippable frame: 0x184D2A50 to 0x184D2A5F
+				0x04, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // frame size
+				0x5d, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // user data
+				0x28, 0xb5, 0x2f, 0xfd, // magic number of Zstandard frame: 0xFD2FB528
+				0x04, 0x00, 0x31, 0x00, 0x00, // frame header
+				0x64, 0x6f, 0x63, 0x6b, 0x65, 0x72, // data block "docker"
+				0x16, 0x0e, 0x21, 0xc3, // content checksum
+			},
+			expected: Zstd,
+		},
+	} {
+		compression := DetectCompression(tc.source)
+		if compression != tc.expected {
+			t.Fatalf("Unexpected compression %v, expected %v", compression, tc.expected)
+		}
+	}
+}