Write code and diagrams for object-graphs-2.

articles/object-graphs-2.markdown

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+Title: Learning Javascript with Object Graphs (Part II)
+Author: Tim Caswell
+Date: Wed Oct 06 2010 09:31:21 GMT-0700 (PDT)
+Node: v0.2.3
+
+The first article using graphs to describe JavaScript semantics was so popular that I've decided to try the technique with some more advanced ideas.  In this article I'll explain three common techniques for creating objects.  They are constructor with prototype, pure prototypal, and object factory.
+
+My goal is that this will help people understand the strengths and weaknesses of each technique and understand what's really going on.
+
+## Classical JavaScript Constructors
+
+<object-graphs-2/classical.js#rectangle>
+
+<object-graphs-2/classical.js#square>
+
+<object-graphs-2/classical.js#test*>
+
+![classical](object-graphs-2/classical.dot)
+
+<br style="clear:left"/>
+
+## Pure Prototypal Objects
+
+<object-graphs-2/prototypal.js#rectangle>
+
+<object-graphs-2/prototypal.js#square>
+
+<object-graphs-2/prototypal.js#test*>
+
+![classical](object-graphs-2/prototypal.dot)
+
+<br style="clear:left"/>
+
+## Object Factories
+
+<object-graphs-2/factory.js#controller>
+
+<object-graphs-2/factory.js#usage>
+
+    // Output
+    View now has 5
+    View now has 6
+    View now has 5
+    Saving value 5 somewhere
+    Now hiding view
+
+
+![classical](object-graphs-2/factory.dot)
+
+<br style="clear:left"/>
+
+## Conclusion
+
+There is so much more I want to explore, but I like to keep these articles somewhat short and bite-size.  If there is demand, I'll write a part three explaining how to do ruby-style mixins and other advanced topics.

articles/object-graphs-2/classical.dot

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+digraph finite_state_machine {
+  size="8.3,8"
+  rankdir = "LR"
+
+  /* Execution Contexts */
+  node [shape=Mrecord, fillcolor=beige, style=filled];
+  top [label="<__proto__>[ Scope ]|<Rectangle>Rectangle|<rect>rect|<Square>Square|<sqr>sqr"];
+
+  /* Normal Objects */
+  node [shape = Mrecord, fillcolor=lightskyblue, style=filled];
+  ob_RectProto [label = "<__proto__>[ Object ]|<constructor>constructor|<getArea>getArea|<getPerimeter>getPerimeter|<toString>toString"];
+  ob_SquareProto [label = "<__proto__>[ Object ]|<constructor>constructor|<getPerimeter>getPerimeter"];
+  ob_rect [label = "<__proto__>[ Object ]|<width>width=6|<height>height=4"];
+  ob_sqr [label = "<__proto__>[ Object ]|<width>width=5|<height>height=5"];
+
+  /* Function Objects */
+  node [shape = Mrecord, fillcolor=orange, style=filled];
+  fn_Rectangle [label="<__proto__>[Rectangle(width, height)]|\{this.width = width…\}|<prototype>prototype"];
+  fn_Square [label="<__proto__>[Square(width)]|\{this.width = width…\}|<prototype>prototype"];
+  fn_getArea [label="<__proto__>[getArea()]|\{return this.width * this.height\}"];
+  fn_getPerimeter [label="<__proto__>[getPerimeter()]|\{return 2 * (this.width + this.height)\}"];
+  fn_toString [label="<__proto__>[toString()]|\{return this.constructor.name…\}"];
+  fn_getPerimeter2 [label="<__proto__>[getPerimeter()]|\{return 4 * this.width\}"];
+
+  /* References */
+  top:Rectangle -> fn_Rectangle:__proto__;
+  top:Square -> fn_Square:__proto__;
+  top:rect -> ob_rect:__proto__;
+  top:sqr -> ob_sqr:__proto__;
+  fn_Rectangle:prototype -> ob_RectProto:__proto__;
+  fn_Square:prototype -> ob_SquareProto:__proto__;
+  ob_RectProto:constructor -> fn_Rectangle:__proto__;
+  ob_RectProto:getArea -> fn_getArea:__proto__;
+  ob_RectProto:getPerimeter -> fn_getPerimeter:__proto__;
+  ob_RectProto:toString -> fn_toString:__proto__;
+  ob_SquareProto:constructor -> fn_Square:__proto__;
+  ob_SquareProto:getPerimeter -> fn_getPerimeter2:__proto__;
+
+  /* Inheritance Chains */
+  edge [style=dashed]
+  ob_rect:__proto__ -> ob_RectProto:__proto__;
+  ob_sqr:__proto__ -> ob_SquareProto:__proto__;
+  ob_SquareProto:__proto__ -> ob_RectProto:__proto__;
+
+}

articles/object-graphs-2/classical.js

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+//rectangle
+function Rectangle(width, height) {
+  this.width = width;
+  this.height = height;
+}
+Rectangle.prototype.getArea = function getArea() {
+  return this.width * this.height;
+};
+Rectangle.prototype.getPerimeter = function getPerimeter() {
+  return 2 * (this.width + this.height);
+};
+Rectangle.prototype.toString = function toString() {
+  return this.constructor.name + " a=" + this.getArea() + " p=" + this.getPerimeter();
+};
+//square
+function Square(side) {
+  this.width = side;
+  this.height = side;
+}
+Square.prototype.__proto__ = Rectangle.prototype;
+Square.prototype.getPerimeter = function getPerimeter() {
+  return this.width * 4;
+};
+//test
+var rect = new Rectangle(6, 4);
+var sqr = new Square(5);
+console.log(rect.toString())
+console.log(sqr.toString())

articles/object-graphs-2/factory.dot

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+digraph finite_state_machine {
+  size="8.3,8"
+  rankdir = "LR"
+
+  /* Execution Contexts */
+  node [shape=Mrecord, fillcolor=beige, style=filled];
+  top [label="<__proto__>[ Scope ]|<Controller>Controller|<on>on"];
+  closure [label="<__proto__>[ Scope ]|<view>view|<model>model"];
+
+  /* Normal Objects */
+  node [shape = Mrecord, fillcolor=lightskyblue, style=filled];
+  ob_view [label="<__proto__>[ Object ]|<update>update|<close>close"]
+  ob_model [label="<__proto__>[ Object ]|<value>value=5|<save>save"];
+  ob_on [label="<__proto__>[ Object ]|<up>up|<down>down|<save>save"];
+
+  /* Function Objects */
+  node [shape = Mrecord, fillcolor=orange, style=filled];
+  fn_update [label="<__proto__>[update(value)]|\{ console.log(…) \}|<__scope__>[scope]"]
+  fn_close [label="<__proto__>[close()]|\{ console.log(…) \}|<__scope__>[scope]"]
+  fn_save [label="<__proto__>[save()]|\{ console.log(…) \}"];
+  fn_Controller [label="<__proto__>[Controller(model, view)]|\{ view.update(model.value) … \}"]
+  fn_onUp [label="<__proto__>[onUp()]|\{ model.value++ … \}|<__scope__>[scope]"];
+  fn_onDown [label="<__proto__>[onDown()]|\{ model.value-- … \}|<__scope__>[scope]"];
+  fn_onSave [label="<__proto__>[onSave()]|\{ model.save() … \}|<__scope__>[scope]"];
+
+  /* References */
+  ob_view:update -> fn_update:__proto__;
+  ob_view:close -> fn_close:__proto__;
+  ob_model:save -> fn_save:__proto__;
+  top:Controller -> fn_Controller:__proto__;
+  top:on -> ob_on;
+  ob_on:up -> fn_onUp:__proto__;
+  ob_on:down -> fn_onDown:__proto__;
+  ob_on:save -> fn_onSave:__proto__;
+  fn_onUp:__scope__ -> closure;
+  fn_onDown:__scope__ -> closure;
+  fn_onSave:__scope__ -> closure;
+  closure:view -> ob_view:__proto__;
+  closure:model -> ob_model:__proto__;
+
+  /* Inheritance Chains */
+  edge [style=dashed]
+  closure -> top:__proto__;
+}

articles/object-graphs-2/factory.js

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+//controller
+function Controller(model, view) {
+  view.update(model.value);
+  return {
+    up: function onUp(evt) {
+      model.value++;
+      view.update(model.value);
+    },
+    down: function onDown(evt) {
+      model.value--;
+      view.update(model.value);
+    },
+    save: function onSave(evt) {
+      model.save();
+      view.close();
+    }
+  };
+}
+//usage
+var on = Controller(
+  // Inline a mock model
+  {
+    value: 5,
+    save: function save() {
+      console.log("Saving value " + this.value + " somewhere");
+    }
+  },
+  // Inline a mock view
+  {
+    update: function update(newValue) {
+      console.log("View now has " + newValue);
+    },
+    close: function close() {
+      console.log("Now hiding view");
+    }
+  }
+);
+setTimeout(on.up, 100);
+setTimeout(on.down, 200);
+setTimeout(on.save, 300);

articles/object-graphs-2/prototypal.dot

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+digraph finite_state_machine {
+	size="8.3,5"
+	rankdir = "LR"
+
+
+  /* Execution Contexts */
+  node [shape=Mrecord, fillcolor=beige, style=filled];
+  top [label="<__proto__>[ Scope ]|<Rectangle>Rectangle|<rect>rect|<Square>Square|<sqr>sqr"];
+
+  /* Normal Objects */
+  node [shape = Mrecord, fillcolor=lightskyblue, style=filled];
+  ob_Rectangle [label = "<__proto__>[ Object ]|<name>name=\"Rectangle\"|<getArea>getArea|<getPerimeter>getPerimeter|<toString>toString"];
+  ob_Square [label = "<__proto__>[ Object ]|<name>name=\"Square\"|<getArea>getArea|<getPerimeter>getPerimeter"];
+  ob_rect [label = "<__proto__>[ Object ]|<width>width=6|<height>height=4"];
+  ob_sqr [label = "<__proto__>[ Object ]|<width>width=5"];
+
+  /* Function Objects */
+  node [shape = Mrecord, fillcolor=orange, style=filled];
+  fn_getArea [label="<__proto__>[getArea()]|\{return this.width * this.height\}"];
+  fn_getPerimeter [label="<__proto__>[getPerimeter()]|\{return 2 * (this.width + this.height)\}"];
+  fn_toString [label="<__proto__>[toString()]|\{return this.name + \" a=\" + …\}"];
+  fn_getArea2 [label="<__proto__>[getArea()]|\{return this.width * this.width\}"];
+  fn_getPerimeter2 [label="<__proto__>[getPerimeter()]|\{return 4 * this.width\}"];
+
+  /* References */
+  top:Rectangle -> ob_Rectangle:__proto__;
+  top:Square -> ob_Square:__proto__;
+  top:rect -> ob_rect:__proto__;
+  top:sqr -> ob_sqr:__proto__;
+  ob_Rectangle:getArea -> fn_getArea:__proto__;
+  ob_Rectangle:getPerimeter -> fn_getPerimeter:__proto__;
+  ob_Rectangle:toString -> fn_toString:__proto__;
+  ob_Square:getArea -> fn_getArea2:__proto__;
+  ob_Square:getPerimeter -> fn_getPerimeter2:__proto__;
+
+  /* Inheritance Chains */
+  edge [style=dashed]
+  ob_rect:__proto__ -> ob_Rectangle:__proto__;
+  ob_sqr:__proto__ -> ob_Square:__proto__;
+  ob_Square:__proto__ -> ob_Rectangle:__proto__;
+
+
+}

articles/object-graphs-2/prototypal.js

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+//rectangle
+var Rectangle = {
+  name: "Rectangle",
+  getArea: function getArea() {
+    return this.width * this.height;
+  },
+  getPerimeter: function getPerimeter() {
+    return 2 * (this.width + this.height);
+  },
+  toString: function toString() {
+    return this.name + " a=" + this.getArea() + " p=" + this.getPerimeter();
+  }
+};
+//square
+var Square = {
+  name: "Square",
+  getArea: function getArea() {
+    return this.width * this.width;
+  },
+  getPerimeter: function getPerimeter() {
+    return this.width * 4;
+  },
+};
+Square.__proto__ = Rectangle;
+//test
+var rect = Object.create(Rectangle);
+rect.width = 6;
+rect.height = 4;
+var square = Object.create(Square);
+square.width = 5;
+console.log(rect.toString());
+console.log(square.toString());