30log

30log, in extenso 30 Lines Of Goodness is a minified library for pseudo object-orientation in Lua. It features class creation, object instantiation, class inheritance and method overload through inheritance.
And yes, it makes 30 lignes length. No less, no more.

##Installation Copy the file 30log.lua inside your project folder, call it using require function.
When loaded, 30log returns its main function .

##Quicktour ###Creating a class Making a new class is fairly simple. Just call the returned function, then add some properties to this class :

class = require '30log'
Window = class ()
Window.x, Window.y = 10, 10
Window.width, Window.height = 100,100

You can also shortcut it, passing the default properties as a table to class :

class = require '30log'
Window = class { width = 100, height = 100, x = 10, y = 10}

###Instances

Once a class is set, you can easily create new instances from the class.

appFrame = Window:new()
print(appFrame.x,appFrame.y) --> 10, 10
print(appFrame.width,appFrame.height) --> 100, 100

You can also use a shortcut, calling the class as a function :

appFrame = Window()
print(appFrame.x,appFrame.y) --> 10, 10
print(appFrame.width,appFrame.height) --> 100, 100

From the two examples above, you might have noticed that once an instance is created from a class, its properties takes by default the class properties. But, you can init objects from a class with your own specific properties. To accomplish that, you must have implemented a method named __init inside the base class.
In a nutshell, __init is the default method to be used as a class constructor.

Window = class { width = 100, height = 100, x = 10, y = 10}
function Window:__init(x,y,width,height)
  self.x,self.y = x,y
  self.width,self.height = width,height
end

appFrame = Window:new(50,60,800,600)
   -- or appFrame = Window(50,60,800,600)
print(appFrame.x,appFrame.y) --> 50, 60
print(appFrame.width,appFrame.height) --> 800, 600

###Methods Methods are supported. Obviously.

Window = class { width = 100, height = 100, w = 10, y = 10}
function Window:__init(x,y,width,height)
  self.x,self.y = x,y
  self.width,self.height = width,height
end

function Window:set(x,y)
  self.x, self.y = x, y
end

function Window:resize(width, height)
  self.width, self.height = width, height
end

appFrame = Window()
appFrame:set(50,60)
print(appFrame.x,appFrame.y) --> 50, 60
appFrame:resize(800,600)
print(appFrame.width,appFrame.height) --> 800, 600

###Inheritance A class can derive from a base class using a default method named :extends. The new class will inherit his mother class default members and methods.

Window = class { width = 100, height = 100, x = 10, y = 10}
Frame = Window:extends { color = 'black' }
print(Frame.x, Frame.y) --> 10, 10

appFrame = Frame()
print(appFrame.x,appFrame.y) --> 10, 10

A derived class can overload any method defined in its base class (or mother class). Therefore, the derived class still has access to his mother class methods via a special key named super.
Let's use this feature to build a class constructor for our Frame class.

-- The base class "Window"
Window = class { width = 100, height = 100, x = 10, y = 10}
function Window:__init(x,y,width,height)
  self.x,self.y = x,y
  self.width,self.height = width,height
end

function Window:set(x,y)
  self.x, self.y = x, y
end

-- A derived class named "Frame"
Frame = Window:extends { color = 'black' }
function Frame:__init(x,y,width,height,color)
  -- Calling the superclass constructor
  self.super.__init(self,x,y,width,height)
  -- Setting the extra class member
  self.color = color
end

-- Overloading Window:set()
function Frame:set(x,y)
  self.x = x - self.width/2
  self.y = y - self.height/2
end

-- A appFrame from "Frame" class
appFrame = Frame(100,100,800,600,'red')
print(appFrame.x,appFrame.y) --> 100, 100

appFrame:set(400,400)
print(appFrame.x,appFrame.y) --> 0, 100

appFrame.super.set(appFrame,400,300)
print(appFrame.x,appFrame.y) --> 400, 300

##Specification Specs tests have been included. Run them using Telescope with the following command from the root foolder:

tsc -f specs/*

##License This work is under MIT-LICENSE
Copyright (c) 2012 Roland Yonaba

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.