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directory.dart
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directory.dart
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// Copyright (c) 2012, the Dart project authors. Please see the AUTHORS file
// for details. All rights reserved. Use of this source code is governed by a
// BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
part of dart.io;
/**
* A reference to a directory (or _folder_) on the file system.
*
* A Directory instance is an object holding a [path] on which operations can
* be performed. The path to the directory can be [absolute] or relative.
* You can get the parent directory using the getter [parent],
* a property inherited from [FileSystemEntity].
*
* In addition to being used as an instance to access the file system,
* Directory has a number of static properties, such as [systemTemp],
* which gets the system's temporary directory, and the getter and setter
* [current], which you can use to access or change the current directory.
*
* Create a new Directory object with a pathname to access the specified
* directory on the file system from your program.
*
* var myDir = new Directory('myDir');
*
* Most methods in this class occur in synchronous and asynchronous pairs,
* for example, [create] and [createSync].
* Unless you have a specific reason for using the synchronous version
* of a method, prefer the asynchronous version to avoid blocking your program.
*
* ## Create a directory
*
* The following code sample creates a directory using the [create] method.
* By setting the `recursive` parameter to true, you can create the
* named directory and all its necessary parent directories,
* if they do not already exist.
*
* import 'dart:io';
*
* void main() {
* // Creates dir/ and dir/subdir/.
* new Directory('dir/subdir').create(recursive: true)
* // The created directory is returned as a Future.
* .then((Directory directory) {
* print(directory.path);
* });
* }
*
* ## List a directory
*
* Use the [list] or [listSync] methods to get the files and directories
* contained by a directory.
* Set `recursive` to true to recursively list all subdirectories.
* Set `followLinks` to true to follow symbolic links.
* The list method returns a [Stream] that provides FileSystemEntity
* objects. Use the listen callback function to process each object
* as it become available.
*
* import 'dart:io';
*
* void main() {
* // Get the system temp directory.
* var systemTempDir = Directory.systemTemp;
*
* // List directory contents, recursing into sub-directories,
* // but not following symbolic links.
* systemTempDir.list(recursive: true, followLinks: false)
* .listen((FileSystemEntity entity) {
* print(entity.path);
* });
* }
*
* ## The use of Futures
*
* I/O operations can block a program for some period of time while it waits for
* the operation to complete. To avoid this, all
* methods involving I/O have an asynchronous variant which returns a [Future].
* This future completes when the I/O operation finishes. While the I/O
* operation is in progress, the Dart program is not blocked,
* and can perform other operations.
*
* For example,
* the [exists] method, which determines whether the directory exists,
* returns a boolean value using a Future.
* Use `then` to register a callback function, which is called when
* the value is ready.
*
* import 'dart:io';
*
* main() {
* final myDir = new Directory('dir');
* myDir.exists().then((isThere) {
* isThere ? print('exists') : print('non-existent');
* });
* }
*
*
* In addition to exists, the [stat], [rename], and
* other methods, return Futures.
*
* ## Other resources
*
* * The [Files and directories](https://dart.dev/guides/libraries/library-tour#files-and-directories)
* section of the library tour.
*
* * [Write Command-Line Apps](https://dart.dev/tutorials/server/cmdline),
* a tutorial about writing command-line apps, includes information about
* files and directories.
*/
@pragma("vm:entry-point")
abstract class Directory implements FileSystemEntity {
/**
* Gets the path of this directory.
*/
String get path;
/**
* Creates a [Directory] object.
*
* If [path] is a relative path, it will be interpreted relative to the
* current working directory (see [Directory.current]), when used.
*
* If [path] is an absolute path, it will be immune to changes to the
* current working directory.
*/
@pragma("vm:entry-point")
factory Directory(String path) {
final IOOverrides? overrides = IOOverrides.current;
if (overrides == null) {
return new _Directory(path);
}
return overrides.createDirectory(path);
}
@pragma("vm:entry-point")
factory Directory.fromRawPath(Uint8List path) {
// TODO(bkonyi): Handle overrides.
return new _Directory.fromRawPath(path);
}
/**
* Create a Directory object from a URI.
*
* If [uri] cannot reference a directory this throws [UnsupportedError].
*/
factory Directory.fromUri(Uri uri) => new Directory(uri.toFilePath());
/**
* Creates a directory object pointing to the current working
* directory.
*/
static Directory get current {
final IOOverrides? overrides = IOOverrides.current;
if (overrides == null) {
return _Directory.current;
}
return overrides.getCurrentDirectory();
}
/**
* Returns a [Uri] representing the directory's location.
*
* The returned URI's scheme is always "file" if the entity's [path] is
* absolute, otherwise the scheme will be empty.
* The returned URI's path always ends in a slash ('/').
*/
Uri get uri;
/**
* Sets the current working directory of the Dart process including
* all running isolates. The new value set can be either a [Directory]
* or a [String].
*
* The new value is passed to the OS's system call unchanged, so a
* relative path passed as the new working directory will be
* resolved by the OS.
*
* Note that setting the current working directory is a synchronous
* operation and that it changes the working directory of *all*
* isolates.
*
* Use this with care - especially when working with asynchronous
* operations and multiple isolates. Changing the working directory,
* while asynchronous operations are pending or when other isolates
* are working with the file system, can lead to unexpected results.
*/
static void set current(path) {
final IOOverrides? overrides = IOOverrides.current;
if (overrides == null) {
_Directory.current = path;
return;
}
overrides.setCurrentDirectory(path);
}
/**
* Creates the directory with this name.
*
* If [recursive] is false, only the last directory in the path is
* created. If [recursive] is true, all non-existing path components
* are created. If the directory already exists nothing is done.
*
* Returns a [:Future<Directory>:] that completes with this
* directory once it has been created. If the directory cannot be
* created the future completes with an exception.
*/
Future<Directory> create({bool recursive: false});
/**
* Synchronously creates the directory with this name.
*
* If [recursive] is false, only the last directory in the path is
* created. If [recursive] is true, all non-existing path components
* are created. If the directory already exists nothing is done.
*
* If the directory cannot be created an exception is thrown.
*/
void createSync({bool recursive: false});
/**
* Gets the system temp directory.
*
* Gets the directory provided by the operating system for creating
* temporary files and directories in.
* The location of the system temp directory is platform-dependent,
* and may be set by an environment variable.
*/
static Directory get systemTemp {
final IOOverrides? overrides = IOOverrides.current;
if (overrides == null) {
return _Directory.systemTemp;
}
return overrides.getSystemTempDirectory();
}
/**
* Creates a temporary directory in this directory. Additional random
* characters are appended to [prefix] to produce a unique directory
* name. If [prefix] is missing or null, the empty string is used
* for [prefix].
*
* Returns a [:Future<Directory>:] that completes with the newly
* created temporary directory.
*/
Future<Directory> createTemp([String? prefix]);
/**
* Synchronously creates a temporary directory in this directory.
* Additional random characters are appended to [prefix] to produce
* a unique directory name. If [prefix] is missing or null, the empty
* string is used for [prefix].
*
* Returns the newly created temporary directory.
*/
Directory createTempSync([String? prefix]);
Future<String> resolveSymbolicLinks();
String resolveSymbolicLinksSync();
/**
* Renames this directory. Returns a [:Future<Directory>:] that completes
* with a [Directory] instance for the renamed directory.
*
* If newPath identifies an existing directory, that directory is
* replaced. If newPath identifies an existing file, the operation
* fails and the future completes with an exception.
*/
Future<Directory> rename(String newPath);
/**
* Synchronously renames this directory. Returns a [Directory]
* instance for the renamed directory.
*
* If newPath identifies an existing directory, that directory is
* replaced. If newPath identifies an existing file the operation
* fails and an exception is thrown.
*/
Directory renameSync(String newPath);
/**
* Returns a [Directory] instance whose path is the absolute path to [this].
*
* The absolute path is computed by prefixing
* a relative path with the current working directory, and returning
* an absolute path unchanged.
*/
Directory get absolute;
/**
* Lists the sub-directories and files of this [Directory].
* Optionally recurses into sub-directories.
*
* If [followLinks] is false, then any symbolic links found
* are reported as [Link] objects, rather than as directories or files,
* and are not recursed into.
*
* If [followLinks] is true, then working links are reported as
* directories or files, depending on
* their type, and links to directories are recursed into.
* Broken links are reported as [Link] objects.
* If a symbolic link makes a loop in the file system, then a recursive
* listing will not follow a link twice in the
* same recursive descent, but will report it as a [Link]
* the second time it is seen.
*
* The result is a stream of [FileSystemEntity] objects
* for the directories, files, and links.
*/
Stream<FileSystemEntity> list(
{bool recursive: false, bool followLinks: true});
/**
* Lists the sub-directories and files of this [Directory].
* Optionally recurses into sub-directories.
*
* If [followLinks] is false, then any symbolic links found
* are reported as [Link] objects, rather than as directories or files,
* and are not recursed into.
*
* If [followLinks] is true, then working links are reported as
* directories or files, depending on
* their type, and links to directories are recursed into.
* Broken links are reported as [Link] objects.
* If a link makes a loop in the file system, then a recursive
* listing will not follow a link twice in the
* same recursive descent, but will report it as a [Link]
* the second time it is seen.
*
* Returns a [List] containing [FileSystemEntity] objects for the
* directories, files, and links.
*/
List<FileSystemEntity> listSync(
{bool recursive: false, bool followLinks: true});
/**
* Returns a human readable string for this Directory instance.
*/
String toString();
}