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Get started: command-line and server apps
Get Dart, run and compile a small app
url title
/tutorials/server/cmdline
Write command-line apps
url title
/tutorials/server
Dart command-line and server tutorials

Follow these steps to start using the Dart SDK to develop command-line and server apps. First you’ll play with the Dart language and libraries in your browser, no download required. Then you’ll install the Dart SDK, write a small program, and run that program using the Dart VM. Finally, you'll use an AOT (ahead of time) compiler to compile your finished program to native machine code, which you'll execute using the Dart runtime.

1. Play with Dart code in DartPad

With DartPad you can experiment with the Dart language and APIs, no download necessary.

For example, here's an embedded DartPad that lets you play with the code for a small Hello World program. Click run {% asset red-run.png alt="" %} to run the app; the console output appears beneath the code. Try editing the source code—perhaps you'd like to change the greeting to use another language. To get the full DartPad experience, open the example at dartpad.dartlang.org.

<iframe src="{{site.custom.dartpad.embed-inline-prefix}}?id=27e044ec9e2957d9c5c7062871ce8bf3&verticalRatio=70" width="100%" height="200px" style="border: 1px solid #ccc;"> </iframe>

More information:

2. Install Dart

{% include get-sdk.md %}

3. Get more command-line developer tools

Install stagehand, which gives you templates for creating Dart apps:

> pub global activate stagehand

Note that although these instructions feature the command line, many IDEs support Dart development. Those IDEs use Stagehand behind the scenes when you create new Dart projects.

More information:

4. Create a small app

Create a command-line app:

> mkdir cli
> cd cli
> stagehand console-full

These commands create a small Dart app that has the following:

  • A main Dart source file, bin/main.dart, that contains a top-level main() function. This is the entrypoint for your app.
  • An additional Dart file, lib/cli.dart, that contains the functionality of the app and is imported by the main.dart file.
  • A pubspec file, pubspec.yaml, that contains the app's metadata, including information about which packages the app depends on and which versions of those packages are required.

5. Get the app's dependencies

Use the pub command to get the packages that the app depends on:

> pub get

6. Run the app

To run the app from the command line, use the Dart VM by running the dart command:

> dart bin/main.dart
Hello world: 42!

7. Modify the app

Let's customize the app you just created.

  1. Edit lib/cli.dart to return a different result:

    int calculate() {
  return -1;
}

  2. Save your changes.

  3. Rerun the main entrypoint of your app:

    > dart bin/main.dart
Hello world: -1

More information: Write command-line apps

8. Compile for production

The steps above used the Dart VM (dart) to run the app. The Dart VM is optimized for fast, incremental compilation to provide instant feedback during development. Now that your small app is done, it's time to AOT compile your Dart code to optimized native machine code.

Use the dart2aot tool to AOT compile the program to machine code:

> dart2aot bin/main.dart bin/main.dart.aot

To run the compiled program, use the Dart runtime (dartaotruntime):

> dartaotruntime bin/main.dart.aot

Notice how the compiled program starts instantly, completing quickly:

> time dartaotruntime bin/main.dart.aot

real	0m0.032s

What next?

Check out these resources:

If you get stuck, find help at Community and support.