zoneinfo.rebuild: Extract using tarfile data filter (PEP 706) if available

[encukou]

Summary of changes

In new versions of Python, tarfile allows filters (PEP-706), a mechanism to limit allowed features when extracting tarballs. The data filter, suggested here, is intended for pure data files. A cross-platform tarball like a tzdata release definitely should not need more. Details on what it does are here.

This uses the mechanism if it's available.

The incantation, a bit convoluted in order to be backwards-compatible, is taken from the docs.

Pull Request Checklist

• Changes have tests

  The can be reproduced using python3.12 -Werror updatezinfo.py, which fails with a DeprecationWarning error.
  The code is called in the release process/test setup, rather than tests themselves. Also, 3.12 is not in the CI matrix yet.
  If you think manual testing isn't enough, I'd appreciate pointers on how to test this.

• Authors have been added to AUTHORS.md

  I'm fine without that, if it's OK with you.

• News fragment added in changelog.d. See CONTRIBUTING.md for details

[pganssle]

Thanks for doing this Petr, but the main thing blocking new releases of dateutil right now is basically ripping zoneinfo and this whole tarball mechanism out of the library entirely, so any improvements wouldn't end up making it into a new release anyway. Interesting to hear about this new feature, though!

[encukou]

Ah, great! No code is best code :)
Sorry for the noise.