[Spark]Add VacuumProtocolCheck ReaderWriter Table Feature (#2730)

## Description

Add a new VacuumProtocolCheck ReaderWriter Table Feature so that Vacuum
command on older DBR client and OSS clients fail.
This is in follow-up to #2557
where protocol-check was added during the vacuum-write flow.

## How was this patch tested?
UTs

## Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing changes?
No

spark/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/delta/TableFeature.scala

@@ -357,7 +357,8 @@ object TableFeature {
         // Row IDs are still under development and only available in testing.
         RowTrackingFeature,
         InCommitTimestampTableFeature,
-        TypeWideningTableFeature)
+        TypeWideningTableFeature,
+        VacuumProtocolCheckTableFeature)
     }
     val featureMap = features.map(f => f.name.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT) -> f).toMap
     require(features.size == featureMap.size, "Lowercase feature names must not duplicate.")
@@ -656,6 +657,19 @@ object InCommitTimestampTableFeature
   }
 }
 
+/**
+ * A ReaderWriter table feature for VACUUM. If this feature is enabled:
+ * A writer should follow one of the following:
+ *   1. Non-Support for Vacuum: Writers can explicitly state that they do not support VACUUM for
+ *      any table, regardless of whether the Vacuum Protocol Check Table feature exists.
+ *   2. Implement Writer Protocol Check: Ensure that the VACUUM implementation includes a writer
+ *      protocol check before any file deletions occur.
+ * Readers don't need to understand or change anything new; they just need to acknowledge the
+ * feature exists
+ */
+object VacuumProtocolCheckTableFeature
+  extends ReaderWriterFeature(name = "vacuumProtocolCheck-dev")
+
 /**
  * Features below are for testing only, and are being registered to the system only in the testing
  * environment. See [[TableFeature.allSupportedFeaturesMap]] for the registration.

spark/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/delta/DeltaTableFeatureSuite.scala

@@ -459,6 +459,33 @@ class DeltaTableFeatureSuite
     }
   }
 
+  for(commandName <- Seq("ALTER", "CLONE", "REPLACE", "CREATE OR REPLACE")) {
+    test(s"Vacuum Protocol Check is disabled by default but can be enabled during $commandName") {
+      val table = "tbl"
+      withTable(table) {
+        spark.range(0).write.format("delta").saveAsTable(table)
+        val log = DeltaLog.forTable(spark, TableIdentifier(table))
+        val protocol = log.update().protocol
+        assert(!protocol.readerAndWriterFeatureNames.contains(VacuumProtocolCheckTableFeature.name))
+
+        val tblProperties1 = Seq(s"'delta.minWriterVersion' = $TABLE_FEATURES_MIN_WRITER_VERSION")
+        sql(buildTablePropertyModifyingCommand(
+          commandName, targetTableName = table, sourceTableName = table, tblProperties1))
+        val newProtocol1 = log.update().protocol
+        assert(!newProtocol1.readerAndWriterFeatureNames.contains(
+          VacuumProtocolCheckTableFeature.name))
+
+        val tblProperties2 = Seq(s"'$FEATURE_PROP_PREFIX${VacuumProtocolCheckTableFeature.name}' " +
+          s"= 'supported', 'delta.minWriterVersion' = $TABLE_FEATURES_MIN_WRITER_VERSION")
+        sql(buildTablePropertyModifyingCommand(
+          commandName, targetTableName = table, sourceTableName = table, tblProperties2))
+        val newProtocol2 = log.update().protocol
+        assert(newProtocol2.readerAndWriterFeatureNames.contains(
+          VacuumProtocolCheckTableFeature.name))
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   private def buildTablePropertyModifyingCommand(
       commandName: String,
       targetTableName: String,