Implement quota management and StorageManager API

[kitsonk]

With local storage, blob storage, but also with the likes of IndexedDB and CacheStorage, and potentially the DENO_DIR, we need a more mature centralised location to do quota management for objects we persist to disk. All browsers implement some form of quota management.

How Mozilla/Firefox deals with it is discussed here: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/IndexedDB_API/Browser_storage_limits_and_eviction_criteria

Chromium is discussed here: https://web.dev/storage-for-the-web/

Chromium and Firefox implement that StorageManager API.

The storage manager API though requires an origin, and that gets into the debate of the "origin-less" usage of Deno.

[tom-sherman]

@kitsonk is it safe to say that the "origin debate" is now settled with things like CacheStorage using the rules described in the following link? #11882 (comment)