dhry.d

/*
 *************************************************************************
 *
 *                   "DHRYSTONE" Benchmark Program
 *                   -----------------------------
 *
 *  Version:    C, Version 2.1
 *
 *  File:       dhry.h (part 1 of 3)
 *
 *  Date:       May 25, 1988
 *
 *  Author:     Reinhold P. Weicker
 *              Siemens Nixdorf Inf. Syst.
 *              STM OS 32
 *              Otto-Hahn-Ring 6
 *              W-8000 Muenchen 83
 *              Germany
 *                      Phone:    [+49]-89-636-42436
 *                                (8-17 Central European Time)
 *                      UUCP:     weicker@ztivax.uucp@unido.uucp
 *                      Internet: weicker@ztivax.siemens.com
 *
 *              Original Version (in Ada) published in
 *              "Communications of the ACM" vol. 27., no. 10 (Oct. 1984),
 *              pp. 1013 - 1030, together with the statistics
 *              on which the distribution of statements etc. is based.
 *
 *              In this C version, the following C library functions are
 *              used:
 *              - strcpy, strcmp (inside the measurement loop)
 *              - printf, scanf (outside the measurement loop)
 *
 *  Collection of Results:
 *              Reinhold Weicker (address see above) and
 *
 *              Rick Richardson
 *              PC Research. Inc.
 *              94 Apple Orchard Drive
 *              Tinton Falls, NJ 07724
 *                      Phone:  (201) 834-1378 (9-17 EST)
 *                      UUCP:   ...!uunet!pcrat!rick
 *
 *      Please send results to Rick Richardson and/or Reinhold Weicker.
 *      Complete information should be given on hardware and software
 *      used. Hardware information includes: Machine type, CPU, type and
 *      size of caches; for microprocessors: clock frequency, memory speed
 *      (number of wait states). Software information includes: Compiler
 *      (and runtime library) manufacturer and version, compilation
 *      switches, OS version. The Operating System version may give an
 *      indication about the compiler; Dhrystone itself performs no OS
 *      calls in the measurement loop.
 *
 *      The complete output generated by the program should be mailed
 *      such that at least some checks for correctness can be made.
 *
 *************************************************************************
 *
 *  History:    This version C/2.1 has been made for two reasons:
 *
 *              1) There is an obvious need for a common C version of
 *              Dhrystone, since C is at present the most popular system
 *              programming language for the class of processors
 *              (microcomputers, minicomputers) where Dhrystone is used
 *              most. There should be, as far as possible, only one C
 *              version of Dhrystone such that results can be compared
 *              without restrictions. In the past, the C versions
 *              distributed by Rick Richardson (Version 1.1) and by
 *              Reinhold Weicker had small (though not significant)
 *              differences.
 *
 *              2) As far as it is possible without changes to the
 *              Dhrystone statistics, optimizing compilers should be
 *              prevented from removing significant statements.
 *
 *              This C version has been developed in cooperation with
 *              Rick Richardson (Tinton Falls, NJ), it incorporates many
 *              ideas from the "Version 1.1" distributed previously by
 *              him over the UNIX network Usenet.
 *              I also thank Chaim Benedelac (National Semiconductor),
 *              David Ditzel (SUN), Earl Killian and John Mashey (MIPS),
 *              Alan Smith and Rafael Saavedra-Barrera (UC at Berkeley)
 *              for their help with comments on earlier versions of the
 *              benchmark.
 *
 *  Changes:    In the initialization part, this version follows mostly
 *              Rick Richardson's version distributed via Usenet, not the
 *              version distributed earlier via floppy disk by Reinhold
 *              Weicker. As a concession to older compilers, names have
 *              been made unique within the first 8 characters. Inside the
 *              measurement loop, this version follows the version
 *              previously distributed by Reinhold Weicker.
 *
 *              At several places in the benchmark, code has been added,
 *              but within the measurement loop only in branches that
 *              are not executed. The intention is that optimizing
 *              compilers should be prevented from moving code out of the
 *              measurement loop, or from removing code altogether. Since
 *              the statements that are executed within the measurement
 *              loop have NOT been changed, the numbers defining the
 *              "Dhrystone distribution" (distribution of statements,
 *              operand types and locality) still hold. Except for
 *              sophisticated optimizing compilers, execution times for
 *              this version should be the same as for previous versions.
 *
 *              Since it has proven difficult to subtract the time for the
 *              measurement loop overhead in a correct way, the loop check
 *              has been made a part of the benchmark. This does have
 *              an impact - though a very minor one - on the distribution
 *              statistics which have been updated for this version.
 *
 *              All changes within the measurement loop are described
 *              and discussed in the companion paper "Rationale for
 *              Dhrystone version 2".
 *
 *              Because of the self-imposed limitation that the order and
 *              distribution of the executed statements should not be
 *              changed, there are still cases where optimizing compilers
 *              may not generate code for some statements. To a certain
 *              degree, this is unavoidable for small synthetic
 *              benchmarks. Users of the benchmark are advised to check
 *              code listings whether code is generated for all statements
 *              of Dhrystone.
 *
 *              Version 2.1 is identical to version 2.0 distributed via
 *              the UNIX network Usenet in March 1988 except that it
 *              corrects some minor deficiencies that were found by users
 *              of version 2.0. The only change within the measurement
 *              loop is that a non-executed "else" part was added to the
 *              "if" statement in Func_3, and a non-executed "else" part
 *              removed from Proc_3.
 *
 *************************************************************************
 *
 * Defines:     The following "Defines" are possible:
 *              -DROPT         (default: Not defined)
 *                      As an approximation to what an average C
 *                      programmer might do, the "register" storage class
 *                      is applied (if enabled by -DROPT)
 *                      - for local variables, if they are used
 *                        (dynamically) five or more times
 *                      - for parameters if they are used (dynamically)
 *                        six or more times
 *                      Note that an optimal "register" strategy is
 *                      compiler-dependent, and that "register"
 *                      declarations do not necessarily lead to faster
 *                      execution.
 *              -DNOSTRUCTASSIGN        (default: Not defined)
 *                      Define if the C compiler does not support
 *                      assignment of structures.
 *              -DNOENUMS               (default: Not defined)
 *                      Define if the C compiler does not support
 *                      enumeration types.
 *
 *************************************************************************
 *
 *  Compilation model and measurement (IMPORTANT):
 *
 *  This C version of Dhrystone consists of three files:
 *  - dhry.h (this file, containing global definitions and comments)
 *  - dhry_1.c (containing the code corresponding to Ada package Pack_1)
 *  - dhry_2.c (containing the code corresponding to Ada package Pack_2)
 *
 *  The following "ground rules" apply for measurements:
 *  - Separate compilation
 *  - No procedure merging
 *  - Otherwise, compiler optimizations are allowed but should be
 *    indicated
 *  - Default results are those without register declarations
 *  See the companion paper "Rationale for Dhrystone Version 2" for a more
 *  detailed discussion of these ground rules.
 *
 *  For 16-Bit processors (e.g. 80186, 80286), times for all compilation
 *  models ("small", "medium", "large" etc.) should be given if possible,
 *  together with a definition of these models for the compiler system
 *  used.
 *
 *************************************************************************
 *
 *  Dhrystone (C version) statistics:
 *
 *  [Comment from the first distribution, updated for version 2.
 *   Note that because of language differences, the numbers are slightly
 *   different from the Ada version.]
 *
 *  The following program contains statements of a high level programming
 *  language (here: C) in a distribution considered representative:
 *
 *    assignments                  52 (51.0 %)
 *    control statements           33 (32.4 %)
 *    procedure, function calls    17 (16.7 %)
 *
 *  103 statements are dynamically executed. The program is balanced with
 *  respect to the three aspects:
 *
 *    - statement type
 *    - operand type
 *    - operand locality
 *         operand global, local, parameter, or constant.
 *
 *  The combination of these three aspects is balanced only approximately.
 *
 *  1. Statement Type:
 *  -----------------             number
 *
 *     V1 = V2                     9
 *       (incl. V1 = F(..)
 *     V = Constant               12
 *     Assignment,                 7
 *       with array element
 *     Assignment,                 6
 *       with record component
 *                                --
 *                                34       34
 *
 *     X = Y +|-|"&&"|"|" Z        5
 *     X = Y +|-|"==" Constant     6
 *     X = X +|- 1                 3
 *     X = Y *|/ Z                 2
 *     X = Expression,             1
 *           two operators
 *     X = Expression,             1
 *           three operators
 *                                --
 *                                18       18
 *
 *     if ....                    14
 *       with "else"      7
 *       without "else"   7
 *           executed        3
 *           not executed    4
 *     for ...                     7  |  counted every time
 *     while ...                   4  |  the loop condition
 *     do ... while                1  |  is evaluated
 *     switch ...                  1
 *     break                       1
 *     declaration with            1
 *       initialization
 *                                --
 *                                34       34
 *
 *     P (...)  procedure call    11
 *       user procedure      10
 *       library procedure    1
 *     X = F (...)
 *             function  call      6
 *       user function        5
 *       library function     1
 *                                --
 *                                17       17
 *                                        ---
 *                                        103
 *
 *    The average number of parameters in procedure or function calls
 *    is 1.82 (not counting the function values as implicit parameters).
 *
 *
 *  2. Operators
 *  ------------
 *                          number    approximate
 *                                    percentage
 *
 *    Arithmetic             32          50.8
 *
 *       +                     21          33.3
 *       -                      7          11.1
 *       *                      3           4.8
 *       / (int div)            1           1.6
 *
 *    Comparison             27           42.8
 *
 *       ==                     9           14.3
 *       /=                     4            6.3
 *       >                      1            1.6
 *       <                      3            4.8
 *       >=                     1            1.6
 *       <=                     9           14.3
 *
 *    Logic                   4            6.3
 *
 *       && (AND-THEN)          1            1.6
 *       |  (OR)                1            1.6
 *       !  (NOT)               2            3.2
 *
 *                           --          -----
 *                           63          100.1
 *
 *
 *  3. Operand Type (counted once per operand reference):
 *  ---------------
 *                          number    approximate
 *                                    percentage
 *
 *     Integer               175        72.3 %
 *     Character              45        18.6 %
 *     Pointer                12         5.0 %
 *     String30                6         2.5 %
 *     Array                   2         0.8 %
 *     Record                  2         0.8 %
 *                           ---       -------
 *                           242       100.0 %
 *
 *  When there is an access path leading to the final operand (e.g. a
 *  record component), only the final data type on the access path is
 *  counted.
 *
 *
 *  4. Operand Locality:
 *  -------------------
 *                                number    approximate
 *                                          percentage
 *
 *     local variable              114        47.1 %
 *     global variable              22         9.1 %
 *     parameter                    45        18.6 %
 *        value                        23         9.5 %
 *        reference                    22         9.1 %
 *     function result               6         2.5 %
 *     constant                     55        22.7 %
 *                                 ---       -------
 *                                 242       100.0 %
 *
 *
 *  The program does not compute anything meaningful, but it is
 *  syntactically and semantically correct. All variables have a value
 *  assigned to them before they are used as a source operand.
 *
 *  There has been no explicit effort to account for the effects of a
 *  cache, or to balance the use of long or short displacements for code
 *  or data.
 *
 *************************************************************************
 */

import core.stdc.stdio;
import core.stdc.string;
import core.stdc.stdlib;
import std.string;

/* Compiler and system dependent definitions: */

const double Mic_secs_Per_Second = 1000000.0;

/* Berkeley UNIX C returns process times in seconds/HZ */

enum { Ident_1, Ident_2, Ident_3, Ident_4, Ident_5 }
alias int Enumeration;

/* for boolean and enumeration types in Ada, Pascal */

/* General definitions: */

const int StrLen = 30;

alias int  One_Thirty;
alias int  One_Fifty;
alias char Capital_Letter;
alias bool Boolean;
alias char Str_30 [StrLen];
alias int  Arr_1_Dim [50];
alias int  Arr_2_Dim [50] [50];

struct record
{
    record *Ptr_Comp;
    Enumeration Discr;
    union V
    {
        struct V1
        {
            Enumeration Enum_Comp;
            int Int_Comp;
            char Str_Comp [StrLen];
        }
        V1 var_1;
        struct V2
        {
            Enumeration E_Comp_2;
            char Str_2_Comp [StrLen];
        }
        V2 var_2;
        struct V3
        {
            char Ch_1_Comp;
            char Ch_2_Comp;
        }
        V3 var_3;
    }
    V variant;
}

alias record  Rec_Type;
alias record *Rec_Pointer;

/* Global Variables: */

Rec_Pointer Ptr_Glob,
            Next_Ptr_Glob;
int Int_Glob;
Boolean Bool_Glob;
char Ch_1_Glob,
     Ch_2_Glob;
int Arr_1_Glob [50];
int Arr_2_Glob [50] [50];

char[StrLen] Reg_Define = "Register option selected.";

/* variables for time measurement: */

const int Too_Small_Time = 2;

/* Measurements should last at least 2 seconds */

double Begin_Time,
       End_Time,
       User_Time;

double Microseconds,
       Dhrystones_Per_Second,
       Vax_Mips;

/* end of variables for time measurement */
void main()

/*****/

/* main program, corresponds to procedures        */
/* Main and Proc_0 in the Ada version             */
{
    One_Fifty Int_1_Loc;
    One_Fifty Int_2_Loc;
    One_Fifty Int_3_Loc;
    char Ch_Index;
    Enumeration Enum_Loc;
    Str_30 Str_1_Loc;
    Str_30 Str_2_Loc;
    int Run_Index;
    int Number_Of_Runs;

    FILE *Ap;

    /* Initializations */

    if ((Ap = fopen("dhry.res", "a+")) == null)
    {
        printf("Can not open dhry.res\n\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    Next_Ptr_Glob = cast(Rec_Pointer) malloc (Rec_Type.sizeof);
    Ptr_Glob      = cast(Rec_Pointer) malloc (Rec_Type.sizeof);

    Ptr_Glob.Ptr_Comp = Next_Ptr_Glob;
    Ptr_Glob.Discr    = Ident_1;
    Ptr_Glob.variant.var_1.Enum_Comp = Ident_3;
    Ptr_Glob.variant.var_1.Int_Comp  = 40;

    //  strcpy (Ptr_Glob.variant.var_1.Str_Comp,
    //          "DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, SOME STRING");
    //  strcpy (Str_1_Loc, "DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, 1'ST STRING");
    Ptr_Glob.variant.var_1.Str_Comp[] = "DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, SOME STRING";
    Str_1_Loc[] = "DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, 1'ST STRING";

    Arr_2_Glob [8][7] = 10;

    /* Was missing in published program. Without this statement,    */
    /* Arr_2_Glob [8][7] would have an undefined value.             */
    /* Warning: With 16-Bit processors and Number_Of_Runs > 32000,  */
    /* overflow may occur for this array element.                   */

    printf ("\n");
    printf ("Dhrystone Benchmark, Version 2.1 (Language: D)\n");
    printf ("\n");
    printf ("Please give the number of runs through the benchmark: ");
    {
        int n;

        // scanf ("%d", &n);
        n = 10000000;
        Number_Of_Runs = n;
    }
    printf ("\n");

    printf ("Execution starts, %d runs through Dhrystone\n", Number_Of_Runs);

    /***************/
    /* Start timer */
    /***************/

    Begin_Time = dtime();

    for (Run_Index = 1; Run_Index <= Number_Of_Runs; ++Run_Index)
    {
        Proc_5();
        Proc_4();

        /* Ch_1_Glob == 'A', Ch_2_Glob == 'B', Bool_Glob == true */
        Int_1_Loc = 2;
        Int_2_Loc = 3;

        // strcpy (Str_2_Loc, "DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, 2'ND STRING");
        Str_2_Loc[] = "DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, 2'ND STRING";
        Enum_Loc    = Ident_2;
        Bool_Glob   = !Func_2 (Str_1_Loc, Str_2_Loc);

        /* Bool_Glob == 1 */
        while (Int_1_Loc < Int_2_Loc) /* loop body executed once */
        {
            Int_3_Loc = 5 * Int_1_Loc - Int_2_Loc;

            /* Int_3_Loc == 7 */
            Proc_7 (Int_1_Loc, Int_2_Loc, &Int_3_Loc);

            /* Int_3_Loc == 7 */
            Int_1_Loc += 1;
        } /* while */

        /* Int_1_Loc == 3, Int_2_Loc == 3, Int_3_Loc == 7 */
        Proc_8 (Arr_1_Glob, Arr_2_Glob, Int_1_Loc, Int_3_Loc);

        /* Int_Glob == 5 */
        Proc_1 (Ptr_Glob);

        for (Ch_Index = 'A'; Ch_Index <= Ch_2_Glob; ++Ch_Index)
        {
            /* loop body executed twice */
            if (Enum_Loc == Func_1 (Ch_Index, 'C'))
            {
                /* then, not executed */
                Proc_6 (Ident_1, &Enum_Loc);

                // strcpy (Str_2_Loc, "DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, 3'RD STRING");
                Str_2_Loc[] = "DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, 3'RD STRING";
                Int_2_Loc   = Run_Index;
                Int_Glob    = Run_Index;
            }
        }

        /* Int_1_Loc == 3, Int_2_Loc == 3, Int_3_Loc == 7 */
        Int_2_Loc = Int_2_Loc * Int_1_Loc;
        Int_1_Loc = Int_2_Loc / Int_3_Loc;
        Int_2_Loc = 7 * (Int_2_Loc - Int_3_Loc) - Int_1_Loc;

        /* Int_1_Loc == 1, Int_2_Loc == 13, Int_3_Loc == 7 */
        Proc_2 (&Int_1_Loc);

        /* Int_1_Loc == 5 */
    } /* loop "for Run_Index" */

    /**************/
    /* Stop timer */
    /**************/

    End_Time = dtime();

    printf ("Execution ends\n");
    printf ("\n");
    printf ("Final values of the variables used in the benchmark:\n");
    printf ("\n");
    printf ("Int_Glob:            %d\n", Int_Glob);
    printf ("        should be:   %d\n", 5);
    printf ("Bool_Glob:           %d\n", Bool_Glob);
    printf ("        should be:   %d\n", 1);
    printf ("Ch_1_Glob:           %c\n", Ch_1_Glob);
    printf ("        should be:   %c\n", cast(int) 'A');
    printf ("Ch_2_Glob:           %c\n", Ch_2_Glob);
    printf ("        should be:   %c\n", cast(int) 'B');
    printf ("Arr_1_Glob[8]:       %d\n", Arr_1_Glob[8]);
    printf ("        should be:   %d\n", 7);
    printf ("Arr_2_Glob[8][7]:    %d\n", Arr_2_Glob[8][7]);
    printf ("        should be:   Number_Of_Runs + 10\n");
    printf ("Ptr_Glob.\n");
    printf ("  Ptr_Comp:          %d\n", cast(int) Ptr_Glob.Ptr_Comp);
    printf ("        should be:   (implementation-dependent)\n");
    printf ("  Discr:             %d\n", Ptr_Glob.Discr);
    printf ("        should be:   %d\n", 0);
    printf ("  Enum_Comp:         %d\n", Ptr_Glob.variant.var_1.Enum_Comp);
    printf ("        should be:   %d\n", 2);
    printf ("  Int_Comp:          %d\n", Ptr_Glob.variant.var_1.Int_Comp);
    printf ("        should be:   %d\n", 17);
    printf ("  Str_Comp:          %.*s\n", Ptr_Glob.variant.var_1.Str_Comp.ptr);
    printf ("        should be:   DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, SOME STRING\n");
    printf ("Next_Ptr_Glob.\n");
    printf ("  Ptr_Comp:          %d\n", cast(int) Next_Ptr_Glob.Ptr_Comp);
    printf ("        should be:   (implementation-dependent), same as above\n");
    printf ("  Discr:             %d\n", Next_Ptr_Glob.Discr);
    printf ("        should be:   %d\n", 0);
    printf ("  Enum_Comp:         %d\n", Next_Ptr_Glob.variant.var_1.Enum_Comp);
    printf ("        should be:   %d\n", 1);
    printf ("  Int_Comp:          %d\n", Next_Ptr_Glob.variant.var_1.Int_Comp);
    printf ("        should be:   %d\n", 18);
    printf ("  Str_Comp:          %.*s\n", Next_Ptr_Glob.variant.var_1.Str_Comp.ptr);
    printf ("        should be:   DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, SOME STRING\n");
    printf ("Int_1_Loc:           %d\n", Int_1_Loc);
    printf ("        should be:   %d\n", 5);
    printf ("Int_2_Loc:           %d\n", Int_2_Loc);
    printf ("        should be:   %d\n", 13);
    printf ("Int_3_Loc:           %d\n", Int_3_Loc);
    printf ("        should be:   %d\n", 7);
    printf ("Enum_Loc:            %d\n", Enum_Loc);
    printf ("        should be:   %d\n", 1);
    printf ("Str_1_Loc:           %.*s\n", Str_1_Loc.ptr);
    printf ("        should be:   DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, 1'ST STRING\n");
    printf ("Str_2_Loc:           %.*s\n", Str_2_Loc.ptr);
    printf ("        should be:   DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, 2'ND STRING\n");
    printf ("\n");

    User_Time = End_Time - Begin_Time;

    if (User_Time < Too_Small_Time)
    {
        printf ("Measured time too small to obtain meaningful results\n");
        printf ("Please increase number of runs\n");
        printf ("\n");
    }
    else
    {
        Microseconds = User_Time * Mic_secs_Per_Second
                       / cast(double) Number_Of_Runs;
        Dhrystones_Per_Second = cast(double) Number_Of_Runs / User_Time;
        Vax_Mips = Dhrystones_Per_Second / 1757.0;

        printf ("Register option selected?  NO\n");
        strcpy(Reg_Define.ptr, "Register option not selected.");
        printf ("Microseconds for one run through Dhrystone: ");
        printf ("%7.1lf \n", Microseconds);
        printf ("Dhrystones per Second:                      ");
        printf ("%10.1lf \n", Dhrystones_Per_Second);
        printf ("VAX MIPS rating = %10.3lf \n", Vax_Mips);
        printf ("\n");

        fprintf(Ap, "\n");
        fprintf(Ap, "Dhrystone Benchmark, Version 2.1 (Language: D)\n");
        fprintf(Ap, "%.*s\n", Reg_Define.ptr);
        fprintf(Ap, "Microseconds for one loop: %7.1lf\n", Microseconds);
        fprintf(Ap, "Dhrystones per second: %10.1lf\n", Dhrystones_Per_Second);
        fprintf(Ap, "VAX MIPS rating: %10.3lf\n", Vax_Mips);
        fclose(Ap);
    }
}

void Proc_1(Rec_Pointer Ptr_Val_Par)

/******************/

/* executed once */
{
    Rec_Pointer Next_Record = Ptr_Val_Par.Ptr_Comp;

    /* == Ptr_Glob_Next */
    /* Local variable, initialized with Ptr_Val_Par.Ptr_Comp,    */
    /* corresponds to "rename" in Ada, "with" in Pascal           */

    *Ptr_Val_Par.Ptr_Comp = *Ptr_Glob;
    Ptr_Val_Par.variant.var_1.Int_Comp = 5;
    Next_Record.variant.var_1.Int_Comp
        = Ptr_Val_Par.variant.var_1.Int_Comp;
    Next_Record.Ptr_Comp = Ptr_Val_Par.Ptr_Comp;
    Proc_3 (&Next_Record.Ptr_Comp);

    /* Ptr_Val_Par.Ptr_Comp.Ptr_Comp
                        == Ptr_Glob.Ptr_Comp */
    if (Next_Record.Discr == Ident_1)
    {
        /* then, executed */
        Next_Record.variant.var_1.Int_Comp = 6;
        Proc_6 (Ptr_Val_Par.variant.var_1.Enum_Comp,
                &Next_Record.variant.var_1.Enum_Comp);
        Next_Record.Ptr_Comp = Ptr_Glob.Ptr_Comp;
        Proc_7 (Next_Record.variant.var_1.Int_Comp, 10,
                &Next_Record.variant.var_1.Int_Comp);
    }
    else /* not executed */
        *Ptr_Val_Par = *Ptr_Val_Par.Ptr_Comp;
} /* Proc_1 */
void Proc_2(One_Fifty *Int_Par_Ref)

/******************/
/* executed once */
/* *Int_Par_Ref == 1, becomes 4 */
{
    One_Fifty Int_Loc;
    Enumeration Enum_Loc;

    Int_Loc = *Int_Par_Ref + 10;

    do /* executed once */
        if (Ch_1_Glob == 'A')
        {
            /* then, executed */
            Int_Loc     -= 1;
            *Int_Par_Ref = Int_Loc - Int_Glob;
            Enum_Loc     = Ident_1;
        }

    /* if */
    while (Enum_Loc != Ident_1); /* true */
} /* Proc_2 */
void Proc_3(Rec_Pointer *Ptr_Ref_Par)

/******************/
/* executed once */
/* Ptr_Ref_Par becomes Ptr_Glob */
{
    if (Ptr_Glob != null)
        /* then, executed */
        *Ptr_Ref_Par = Ptr_Glob.Ptr_Comp;

    Proc_7 (10, Int_Glob, &Ptr_Glob.variant.var_1.Int_Comp);
} /* Proc_3 */
void Proc_4()  /* without parameters */
/*******/
/* executed once */
{
    Boolean Bool_Loc;

    Bool_Loc  = Ch_1_Glob == 'A';
    Bool_Glob = Bool_Loc | Bool_Glob;
    Ch_2_Glob = 'B';
} /* Proc_4 */
void Proc_5()  /* without parameters */
/*******/
/* executed once */
{
    Ch_1_Glob = 'A';
    Bool_Glob = false;
} /* Proc_5 */
void Proc_6(Enumeration Enum_Val_Par, Enumeration *Enum_Ref_Par)

/*********************************/
/* executed once */
/* Enum_Val_Par == Ident_3, Enum_Ref_Par becomes Ident_2 */
{
    *Enum_Ref_Par = Enum_Val_Par;

    if (!Func_3 (Enum_Val_Par))
        /* then, not executed */
        *Enum_Ref_Par = Ident_4;

    switch (Enum_Val_Par)
    {
        case Ident_1:
            *Enum_Ref_Par = Ident_1;
            break;

        case Ident_2:

            if (Int_Glob > 100)
                /* then */
                *Enum_Ref_Par = Ident_1;
            else *Enum_Ref_Par = Ident_4;

            break;

        case Ident_3: /* executed */
            *Enum_Ref_Par = Ident_2;
            break;

        case Ident_4:
            break;

        case Ident_5:
            *Enum_Ref_Par = Ident_3;
            break;
        
        default:
    } /* switch */

} /* Proc_6 */
void Proc_7(One_Fifty Int_1_Par_Val, One_Fifty Int_2_Par_Val, One_Fifty *Int_Par_Ref)

/**********************************************/
/* executed three times                                      */
/* first call:      Int_1_Par_Val == 2, Int_2_Par_Val == 3,  */
/*                  Int_Par_Ref becomes 7                    */
/* second call:     Int_1_Par_Val == 10, Int_2_Par_Val == 5, */
/*                  Int_Par_Ref becomes 17                   */
/* third call:      Int_1_Par_Val == 6, Int_2_Par_Val == 10, */
/*                  Int_Par_Ref becomes 18                   */
{
    One_Fifty Int_Loc;

    Int_Loc      = Int_1_Par_Val + 2;
    *Int_Par_Ref = Int_2_Par_Val + Int_Loc;
} /* Proc_7 */
void Proc_8(ref Arr_1_Dim Arr_1_Par_Ref, ref Arr_2_Dim Arr_2_Par_Ref, int Int_1_Par_Val, int Int_2_Par_Val)

/*********************************************************************/
/* executed once      */
/* Int_Par_Val_1 == 3 */
/* Int_Par_Val_2 == 7 */
{
    One_Fifty Int_Index;
    One_Fifty Int_Loc;

    Int_Loc = Int_1_Par_Val + 5;
    Arr_1_Par_Ref [Int_Loc]      = Int_2_Par_Val;
    Arr_1_Par_Ref [Int_Loc + 1]  = Arr_1_Par_Ref [Int_Loc];
    Arr_1_Par_Ref [Int_Loc + 30] = Int_Loc;

    for (Int_Index = Int_Loc; Int_Index <= Int_Loc + 1; ++Int_Index)
        Arr_2_Par_Ref [Int_Loc] [Int_Index] = Int_Loc;

    Arr_2_Par_Ref [Int_Loc] [Int_Loc - 1] += 1;
    Arr_2_Par_Ref [Int_Loc + 20] [Int_Loc] = Arr_1_Par_Ref [Int_Loc];
    Int_Glob = 5;
} /* Proc_8 */
Enumeration Func_1(Capital_Letter Ch_1_Par_Val, Capital_Letter Ch_2_Par_Val)

/*************************************************/
/* executed three times                                         */
/* first call:      Ch_1_Par_Val == 'H', Ch_2_Par_Val == 'R'    */
/* second call:     Ch_1_Par_Val == 'A', Ch_2_Par_Val == 'C'    */
/* third call:      Ch_1_Par_Val == 'B', Ch_2_Par_Val == 'C'    */
{
    Capital_Letter Ch_1_Loc;
    Capital_Letter Ch_2_Loc;

    Ch_1_Loc = Ch_1_Par_Val;
    Ch_2_Loc = Ch_1_Loc;

    if (Ch_2_Loc != Ch_2_Par_Val)
        /* then, executed */
        return (Ident_1);
    else /* not executed */
    {
        Ch_1_Glob = Ch_1_Loc;
        return (Ident_2);
    }
} /* Func_1 */
Boolean Func_2(Str_30 Str_1_Par_Ref, Str_30 Str_2_Par_Ref)

/*************************************************/
/* executed once */
/* Str_1_Par_Ref == "DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, 1'ST STRING" */
/* Str_2_Par_Ref == "DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, 2'ND STRING" */
{
    One_Thirty Int_Loc;
    Capital_Letter Ch_Loc;

    Int_Loc = 2;

    while (Int_Loc <= 2) /* loop body executed once */
        if (Func_1 (Str_1_Par_Ref[Int_Loc],
                    Str_2_Par_Ref[Int_Loc + 1]) == Ident_1)
        {
            /* then, executed */
            Ch_Loc   = 'A';
            Int_Loc += 1;
        }

    /* if, while */

    if (Ch_Loc >= 'W' && Ch_Loc < 'Z')
        /* then, not executed */
        Int_Loc = 7;

    if (Ch_Loc == 'R')
        /* then, not executed */
        return (true);
    else /* executed */
    {
        // if (strcmp (Str_1_Par_Ref, Str_2_Par_Ref) > 0)
        // if (memcmp (Str_1_Par_Ref, Str_2_Par_Ref, 30) > 0)
        if (Str_1_Par_Ref > Str_2_Par_Ref)
        {
            /* then, not executed */
            Int_Loc += 7;
            Int_Glob = Int_Loc;
            return (true);
        }
        else /* executed */
            return (false);
    } /* if Ch_Loc */

} /* Func_2 */
Boolean Func_3(Enumeration Enum_Par_Val)

/***************************/
/* executed once        */
/* Enum_Par_Val == Ident_3 */
{
    Enumeration Enum_Loc;

    Enum_Loc = Enum_Par_Val;

    if (Enum_Loc == Ident_3)
        /* then, executed */
        return (true);
    else /* not executed */
        return (false);
} /* Func_3 */

version (Win32)
{
    import core.sys.windows.windows;

    double dtime()
    {
        double q;

        q = cast(double) GetTickCount() * 1.0e-03;

        return q;
    }
}

version (linux)
{
    import core.stdc.time;

    double dtime()
    {
        double q;

        q = cast(double) time(null);

        return q;
    }
}

version (OSX)   // supplied by Anders F Bjorklund
{
    import core.sys.posix.sys.time;

    double dtime()
    {
        double  q;
        timeval tv;

        gettimeofday(&tv, null);
        q = cast(double) tv.tv_sec + cast(double) tv.tv_usec * 1.0e-6;

        return q;
    }
}