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declaration.c
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declaration.c
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// Compiler implementation of the D programming language
// Copyright (c) 1999-2012 by Digital Mars
// All Rights Reserved
// written by Walter Bright
// http://www.digitalmars.com
// License for redistribution is by either the Artistic License
// in artistic.txt, or the GNU General Public License in gnu.txt.
// See the included readme.txt for details.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include "init.h"
#include "declaration.h"
#include "attrib.h"
#include "mtype.h"
#include "template.h"
#include "scope.h"
#include "aggregate.h"
#include "module.h"
#include "id.h"
#include "expression.h"
#include "hdrgen.h"
/********************************* Declaration ****************************/
Declaration::Declaration(Identifier *id)
: Dsymbol(id)
{
type = NULL;
originalType = NULL;
storage_class = STCundefined;
protection = PROTundefined;
linkage = LINKdefault;
inuse = 0;
}
void Declaration::semantic(Scope *sc)
{
}
const char *Declaration::kind()
{
return "declaration";
}
unsigned Declaration::size(Loc loc)
{
assert(type);
return type->size();
}
int Declaration::isStaticConstructor()
{
return FALSE;
}
int Declaration::isStaticDestructor()
{
return FALSE;
}
int Declaration::isDelete()
{
return FALSE;
}
int Declaration::isDataseg()
{
return FALSE;
}
int Declaration::isThreadlocal()
{
return FALSE;
}
int Declaration::isCodeseg()
{
return FALSE;
}
enum PROT Declaration::prot()
{
return protection;
}
/*************************************
* Check to see if declaration can be modified in this context (sc).
* Issue error if not.
*/
#if DMDV2
void Declaration::checkModify(Loc loc, Scope *sc, Type *t)
{
if (sc->incontract && isParameter())
error(loc, "cannot modify parameter '%s' in contract", toChars());
if (sc->incontract && isResult())
error(loc, "cannot modify result '%s' in contract", toChars());
if (isCtorinit() && !t->isMutable())
{ // It's only modifiable if inside the right constructor
Dsymbol *s = sc->func;
while (1)
{
FuncDeclaration *fd = NULL;
if (s)
fd = s->isFuncDeclaration();
if (fd &&
((fd->isCtorDeclaration() && storage_class & STCfield) ||
(fd->isStaticCtorDeclaration() && !(storage_class & STCfield))) &&
fd->toParent2() == toParent()
)
{
VarDeclaration *v = isVarDeclaration();
assert(v);
v->ctorinit = 1;
//printf("setting ctorinit\n");
}
else
{
if (s)
{ s = s->toParent2();
continue;
}
else
{
const char *p = isStatic() ? "static " : "";
error(loc, "can only initialize %sconst %s inside %sconstructor",
p, toChars(), p);
}
}
break;
}
}
else
{
VarDeclaration *v = isVarDeclaration();
if (v && v->canassign == 0)
{
const char *p = NULL;
if (isConst())
p = "const";
else if (isImmutable())
p = "immutable";
else if (storage_class & STCmanifest)
p = "enum";
else if (!t->isAssignable())
p = "struct with immutable members";
if (p)
{ error(loc, "cannot modify %s", p);
}
}
}
}
#endif
/********************************* TupleDeclaration ****************************/
TupleDeclaration::TupleDeclaration(Loc loc, Identifier *id, Objects *objects)
: Declaration(id)
{
this->loc = loc;
this->type = NULL;
this->objects = objects;
this->isexp = 0;
this->tupletype = NULL;
}
Dsymbol *TupleDeclaration::syntaxCopy(Dsymbol *s)
{
assert(0);
return NULL;
}
const char *TupleDeclaration::kind()
{
return "tuple";
}
Type *TupleDeclaration::getType()
{
/* If this tuple represents a type, return that type
*/
//printf("TupleDeclaration::getType() %s\n", toChars());
if (isexp)
return NULL;
if (!tupletype)
{
/* It's only a type tuple if all the Object's are types
*/
for (size_t i = 0; i < objects->dim; i++)
{ Object *o = (*objects)[i];
if (o->dyncast() != DYNCAST_TYPE)
{
//printf("\tnot[%d], %p, %d\n", i, o, o->dyncast());
return NULL;
}
}
/* We know it's a type tuple, so build the TypeTuple
*/
Parameters *args = new Parameters();
args->setDim(objects->dim);
OutBuffer buf;
int hasdeco = 1;
for (size_t i = 0; i < objects->dim; i++)
{ Type *t = (Type *)objects->data[i];
//printf("type = %s\n", t->toChars());
#if 0
buf.printf("_%s_%d", ident->toChars(), i);
char *name = (char *)buf.extractData();
Identifier *id = new Identifier(name, TOKidentifier);
Parameter *arg = new Parameter(STCin, t, id, NULL);
#else
Parameter *arg = new Parameter(STCin, t, NULL, NULL);
#endif
(*args)[i] = arg;
if (!t->deco)
hasdeco = 0;
}
tupletype = new TypeTuple(args);
if (hasdeco)
return tupletype->semantic(0, NULL);
}
return tupletype;
}
int TupleDeclaration::needThis()
{
//printf("TupleDeclaration::needThis(%s)\n", toChars());
for (size_t i = 0; i < objects->dim; i++)
{ Object *o = (*objects)[i];
if (o->dyncast() == DYNCAST_EXPRESSION)
{ Expression *e = (Expression *)o;
if (e->op == TOKdsymbol)
{ DsymbolExp *ve = (DsymbolExp *)e;
Declaration *d = ve->s->isDeclaration();
if (d && d->needThis())
{
return 1;
}
}
}
}
return 0;
}
/********************************* TypedefDeclaration ****************************/
TypedefDeclaration::TypedefDeclaration(Loc loc, Identifier *id, Type *basetype, Initializer *init)
: Declaration(id)
{
this->type = new TypeTypedef(this);
this->basetype = basetype->toBasetype();
this->init = init;
this->htype = NULL;
this->hbasetype = NULL;
this->sem = 0;
this->loc = loc;
this->sinit = NULL;
}
Dsymbol *TypedefDeclaration::syntaxCopy(Dsymbol *s)
{
Type *basetype = this->basetype->syntaxCopy();
Initializer *init = NULL;
if (this->init)
init = this->init->syntaxCopy();
assert(!s);
TypedefDeclaration *st;
st = new TypedefDeclaration(loc, ident, basetype, init);
// Syntax copy for header file
if (!htype) // Don't overwrite original
{ if (type) // Make copy for both old and new instances
{ htype = type->syntaxCopy();
st->htype = type->syntaxCopy();
}
}
else // Make copy of original for new instance
st->htype = htype->syntaxCopy();
if (!hbasetype)
{ if (basetype)
{ hbasetype = basetype->syntaxCopy();
st->hbasetype = basetype->syntaxCopy();
}
}
else
st->hbasetype = hbasetype->syntaxCopy();
return st;
}
void TypedefDeclaration::semantic(Scope *sc)
{
//printf("TypedefDeclaration::semantic(%s) sem = %d\n", toChars(), sem);
if (sem == SemanticStart)
{ sem = SemanticIn;
parent = sc->parent;
int errors = global.errors;
Type *savedbasetype = basetype;
basetype = basetype->semantic(loc, sc);
if (errors != global.errors)
{
basetype = savedbasetype;
sem = SemanticStart;
return;
}
sem = SemanticDone;
#if DMDV2
type = type->addStorageClass(storage_class);
#endif
Type *savedtype = type;
type = type->semantic(loc, sc);
if (sc->parent->isFuncDeclaration() && init)
semantic2(sc);
if (errors != global.errors)
{
basetype = savedbasetype;
type = savedtype;
sem = SemanticStart;
return;
}
storage_class |= sc->stc & STCdeprecated;
}
else if (sem == SemanticIn)
{
error("circular definition");
}
}
void TypedefDeclaration::semantic2(Scope *sc)
{
//printf("TypedefDeclaration::semantic2(%s) sem = %d\n", toChars(), sem);
if (sem == SemanticDone)
{ sem = Semantic2Done;
if (init)
{
Initializer *savedinit = init;
int errors = global.errors;
init = init->semantic(sc, basetype, WANTinterpret);
if (errors != global.errors)
{
init = savedinit;
return;
}
ExpInitializer *ie = init->isExpInitializer();
if (ie)
{
if (ie->exp->type == basetype)
ie->exp->type = type;
}
}
}
}
const char *TypedefDeclaration::kind()
{
return "typedef";
}
Type *TypedefDeclaration::getType()
{
return type;
}
void TypedefDeclaration::toCBuffer(OutBuffer *buf, HdrGenState *hgs)
{
buf->writestring("typedef ");
basetype->toCBuffer(buf, ident, hgs);
if (init)
{
buf->writestring(" = ");
init->toCBuffer(buf, hgs);
}
buf->writeByte(';');
buf->writenl();
}
/********************************* AliasDeclaration ****************************/
AliasDeclaration::AliasDeclaration(Loc loc, Identifier *id, Type *type)
: Declaration(id)
{
//printf("AliasDeclaration(id = '%s', type = %p)\n", id->toChars(), type);
//printf("type = '%s'\n", type->toChars());
this->loc = loc;
this->type = type;
this->aliassym = NULL;
this->htype = NULL;
this->haliassym = NULL;
this->overnext = NULL;
this->inSemantic = 0;
assert(type);
}
AliasDeclaration::AliasDeclaration(Loc loc, Identifier *id, Dsymbol *s)
: Declaration(id)
{
//printf("AliasDeclaration(id = '%s', s = %p)\n", id->toChars(), s);
assert(s != this);
this->loc = loc;
this->type = NULL;
this->aliassym = s;
this->htype = NULL;
this->haliassym = NULL;
this->overnext = NULL;
this->inSemantic = 0;
assert(s);
}
Dsymbol *AliasDeclaration::syntaxCopy(Dsymbol *s)
{
//printf("AliasDeclaration::syntaxCopy()\n");
assert(!s);
AliasDeclaration *sa;
if (type)
sa = new AliasDeclaration(loc, ident, type->syntaxCopy());
else
sa = new AliasDeclaration(loc, ident, aliassym->syntaxCopy(NULL));
// Syntax copy for header file
if (!htype) // Don't overwrite original
{ if (type) // Make copy for both old and new instances
{ htype = type->syntaxCopy();
sa->htype = type->syntaxCopy();
}
}
else // Make copy of original for new instance
sa->htype = htype->syntaxCopy();
if (!haliassym)
{ if (aliassym)
{ haliassym = aliassym->syntaxCopy(s);
sa->haliassym = aliassym->syntaxCopy(s);
}
}
else
sa->haliassym = haliassym->syntaxCopy(s);
return sa;
}
void AliasDeclaration::semantic(Scope *sc)
{
//printf("AliasDeclaration::semantic() %s\n", toChars());
if (aliassym)
{
if (aliassym->isTemplateInstance())
aliassym->semantic(sc);
return;
}
this->inSemantic = 1;
#if DMDV1 // don't really know why this is here
if (storage_class & STCconst)
error("cannot be const");
#endif
storage_class |= sc->stc & STCdeprecated;
protection = sc->protection;
// Given:
// alias foo.bar.abc def;
// it is not knowable from the syntax whether this is an alias
// for a type or an alias for a symbol. It is up to the semantic()
// pass to distinguish.
// If it is a type, then type is set and getType() will return that
// type. If it is a symbol, then aliassym is set and type is NULL -
// toAlias() will return aliasssym.
int errors = global.errors;
Type *savedtype = type;
Dsymbol *s;
Type *t;
Expression *e;
/* This section is needed because resolve() will:
* const x = 3;
* alias x y;
* try to alias y to 3.
*/
s = type->toDsymbol(sc);
if (s
#if DMDV2
&& ((s->getType() && type->equals(s->getType())) || s->isEnumMember())
#endif
)
goto L2; // it's a symbolic alias
#if DMDV2
type = type->addStorageClass(storage_class);
if (storage_class & (STCref | STCnothrow | STCpure | STCdisable))
{ // For 'ref' to be attached to function types, and picked
// up by Type::resolve(), it has to go into sc.
sc = sc->push();
sc->stc |= storage_class & (STCref | STCnothrow | STCpure | STCshared | STCdisable);
type->resolve(loc, sc, &e, &t, &s);
sc = sc->pop();
}
else
#endif
type->resolve(loc, sc, &e, &t, &s);
if (s)
{
goto L2;
}
else if (e)
{
// Try to convert Expression to Dsymbol
if (e->op == TOKvar)
{ s = ((VarExp *)e)->var;
goto L2;
}
else if (e->op == TOKfunction)
{ s = ((FuncExp *)e)->fd;
goto L2;
}
else
{ if (e->op != TOKerror)
error("cannot alias an expression %s", e->toChars());
t = e->type;
}
}
else if (t)
{
type = t->semantic(loc, sc);
//printf("\talias resolved to type %s\n", type->toChars());
}
if (overnext)
ScopeDsymbol::multiplyDefined(0, this, overnext);
this->inSemantic = 0;
if (global.gag && errors != global.errors)
type = savedtype;
return;
L2:
//printf("alias is a symbol %s %s\n", s->kind(), s->toChars());
type = NULL;
VarDeclaration *v = s->isVarDeclaration();
if (0 && v && v->linkage == LINKdefault)
{
error("forward reference of %s", v->toChars());
s = NULL;
}
else
{
Dsymbol *savedovernext = overnext;
FuncDeclaration *f = s->toAlias()->isFuncDeclaration();
if (f)
{
if (overnext)
{
FuncAliasDeclaration *fa = new FuncAliasDeclaration(f);
if (!fa->overloadInsert(overnext))
ScopeDsymbol::multiplyDefined(0, f, overnext);
overnext = NULL;
s = fa;
s->parent = sc->parent;
}
}
if (overnext)
ScopeDsymbol::multiplyDefined(0, this, overnext);
if (s == this)
{
assert(global.errors);
s = NULL;
}
if (global.gag && errors != global.errors)
{
type = savedtype;
overnext = savedovernext;
aliassym = NULL;
inSemantic = 0;
return;
}
}
if (!type || type->ty != Terror)
{ //printf("setting aliassym %s to %s %s\n", toChars(), s->kind(), s->toChars());
aliassym = s;
}
this->inSemantic = 0;
}
int AliasDeclaration::overloadInsert(Dsymbol *s)
{
/* Don't know yet what the aliased symbol is, so assume it can
* be overloaded and check later for correctness.
*/
//printf("AliasDeclaration::overloadInsert('%s')\n", s->toChars());
if (aliassym) // see test/test56.d
{
Dsymbol *a = aliassym->toAlias();
FuncDeclaration *f = a->isFuncDeclaration();
if (f) // BUG: what if it's a template?
{
FuncAliasDeclaration *fa = new FuncAliasDeclaration(f);
aliassym = fa;
return fa->overloadInsert(s);
}
}
if (overnext == NULL)
{
if (s == this)
{
return TRUE;
}
overnext = s;
return TRUE;
}
else
{
return overnext->overloadInsert(s);
}
}
const char *AliasDeclaration::kind()
{
return "alias";
}
Type *AliasDeclaration::getType()
{
//printf("AliasDeclaration::getType() %s\n", type->toChars());
#if 0
if (!type->deco && scope)
semantic(scope);
if (type && !type->deco)
error("forward reference to alias %s\n", toChars());
#endif
return type;
}
Dsymbol *AliasDeclaration::toAlias()
{
//printf("AliasDeclaration::toAlias('%s', this = %p, aliassym = %p, kind = '%s')\n", toChars(), this, aliassym, aliassym ? aliassym->kind() : "");
assert(this != aliassym);
//static int count; if (++count == 75) exit(0); //*(char*)0=0;
if (inSemantic)
{ error("recursive alias declaration");
aliassym = new AliasDeclaration(loc, ident, Type::terror);
type = Type::terror;
}
else if (!aliassym && scope)
semantic(scope);
Dsymbol *s = aliassym ? aliassym->toAlias() : this;
return s;
}
void AliasDeclaration::toCBuffer(OutBuffer *buf, HdrGenState *hgs)
{
buf->writestring("alias ");
#if 0
if (hgs->hdrgen)
{
if (haliassym)
{
haliassym->toCBuffer(buf, hgs);
buf->writeByte(' ');
buf->writestring(ident->toChars());
}
else
htype->toCBuffer(buf, ident, hgs);
}
else
#endif
{
if (aliassym)
{
aliassym->toCBuffer(buf, hgs);
buf->writeByte(' ');
buf->writestring(ident->toChars());
}
else
type->toCBuffer(buf, ident, hgs);
}
buf->writeByte(';');
buf->writenl();
}
/********************************* VarDeclaration ****************************/
VarDeclaration::VarDeclaration(Loc loc, Type *type, Identifier *id, Initializer *init)
: Declaration(id)
{
//printf("VarDeclaration('%s')\n", id->toChars());
#ifdef DEBUG
if (!type && !init)
{ printf("VarDeclaration('%s')\n", id->toChars());
//*(char*)0=0;
}
#endif
assert(type || init);
this->type = type;
this->init = init;
this->htype = NULL;
this->hinit = NULL;
this->loc = loc;
offset = 0;
noscope = 0;
#if DMDV2
isargptr = FALSE;
#endif
#if DMDV1
nestedref = 0;
#endif
alignment = 0;
ctorinit = 0;
aliassym = NULL;
onstack = 0;
canassign = 0;
ctfeAdrOnStack = (size_t)(-1);
#if DMDV2
rundtor = NULL;
edtor = NULL;
#endif
}
Dsymbol *VarDeclaration::syntaxCopy(Dsymbol *s)
{
//printf("VarDeclaration::syntaxCopy(%s)\n", toChars());
VarDeclaration *sv;
if (s)
{ sv = (VarDeclaration *)s;
}
else
{
Initializer *init = NULL;
if (this->init)
{ init = this->init->syntaxCopy();
//init->isExpInitializer()->exp->print();
//init->isExpInitializer()->exp->dump(0);
}
sv = new VarDeclaration(loc, type ? type->syntaxCopy() : NULL, ident, init);
sv->storage_class = storage_class;
}
// Syntax copy for header file
if (!htype) // Don't overwrite original
{ if (type) // Make copy for both old and new instances
{ htype = type->syntaxCopy();
sv->htype = type->syntaxCopy();
}
}
else // Make copy of original for new instance
sv->htype = htype->syntaxCopy();
if (!hinit)
{ if (init)
{ hinit = init->syntaxCopy();
sv->hinit = init->syntaxCopy();
}
}
else
sv->hinit = hinit->syntaxCopy();
return sv;
}
void VarDeclaration::semantic(Scope *sc)
{
#if 0
printf("VarDeclaration::semantic('%s', parent = '%s')\n", toChars(), sc->parent->toChars());
printf(" type = %s\n", type ? type->toChars() : "null");
printf(" stc = x%x\n", sc->stc);
printf(" storage_class = x%x\n", storage_class);
printf("linkage = %d\n", sc->linkage);
//if (strcmp(toChars(), "mul") == 0) halt();
#endif
if (scope)
{ sc = scope;
scope = NULL;
}
storage_class |= sc->stc;
if (storage_class & STCextern && init)
error("extern symbols cannot have initializers");
AggregateDeclaration *ad = isThis();
if (ad)
storage_class |= ad->storage_class & STC_TYPECTOR;
/* If auto type inference, do the inference
*/
int inferred = 0;
if (!type)
{ inuse++;
type = init->inferType(sc);
type = type->semantic(loc, sc);
inuse--;
inferred = 1;
/* This is a kludge to support the existing syntax for RAII
* declarations.
*/
storage_class &= ~STCauto;
originalType = type;
}
else
{ if (!originalType)
originalType = type;
type = type->semantic(loc, sc);
}
//printf(" semantic type = %s\n", type ? type->toChars() : "null");
type->checkDeprecated(loc, sc);
linkage = sc->linkage;
this->parent = sc->parent;
//printf("this = %p, parent = %p, '%s'\n", this, parent, parent->toChars());
protection = sc->protection;
//printf("sc->stc = %x\n", sc->stc);
//printf("storage_class = x%x\n", storage_class);
#if DMDV2
if (storage_class & STCgshared && global.params.safe && !sc->module->safe)
{
error("__gshared not allowed in safe mode; use shared");
}
#endif
Dsymbol *parent = toParent();
FuncDeclaration *fd = parent->isFuncDeclaration();
Type *tb = type->toBasetype();
if (tb->ty == Tvoid && !(storage_class & STClazy))
{ error("voids have no value");
type = Type::terror;
tb = type;
}
if (tb->ty == Tfunction)
{ error("cannot be declared to be a function");
type = Type::terror;
tb = type;
}
if (tb->ty == Tstruct)
{ TypeStruct *ts = (TypeStruct *)tb;
if (!ts->sym->members)
{
error("no definition of struct %s", ts->toChars());
}
}
if ((storage_class & STCauto) && !inferred)
error("storage class 'auto' has no effect if type is not inferred, did you mean 'scope'?");
if (tb->ty == Ttuple)
{ /* Instead, declare variables for each of the tuple elements
* and add those.
*/
TypeTuple *tt = (TypeTuple *)tb;
size_t nelems = Parameter::dim(tt->arguments);
Objects *exps = new Objects();
exps->setDim(nelems);
Expression *ie = init ? init->toExpression() : NULL;
for (size_t i = 0; i < nelems; i++)
{ Parameter *arg = Parameter::getNth(tt->arguments, i);
OutBuffer buf;
buf.printf("_%s_field_%zu", ident->toChars(), i);
buf.writeByte(0);
const char *name = (const char *)buf.extractData();
Identifier *id = Lexer::idPool(name);
Expression *einit = ie;
if (ie && ie->op == TOKtuple)
{ einit = (Expression *)((TupleExp *)ie)->exps->data[i];
}
Initializer *ti = init;
if (einit)
{ ti = new ExpInitializer(einit->loc, einit);
}
VarDeclaration *v = new VarDeclaration(loc, arg->type, id, ti);
//printf("declaring field %s of type %s\n", v->toChars(), v->type->toChars());
v->semantic(sc);
if (sc->scopesym)
{ //printf("adding %s to %s\n", v->toChars(), sc->scopesym->toChars());
if (sc->scopesym->members)
sc->scopesym->members->push(v);
}
Expression *e = new DsymbolExp(loc, v);
exps->data[i] = e;
}
TupleDeclaration *v2 = new TupleDeclaration(loc, ident, exps);
v2->isexp = 1;
aliassym = v2;
return;
}
if (storage_class & STCconst && !init && !fd)
// Initialize by constructor only
storage_class = (storage_class & ~STCconst) | STCctorinit;
if (isConst())
{
}
else if (isStatic())
{
}
else if (isSynchronized())
{
error("variable %s cannot be synchronized", toChars());
}
else if (isOverride())
{
error("override cannot be applied to variable");
}
else if (isAbstract())
{
error("abstract cannot be applied to variable");
}
else if (storage_class & STCtemplateparameter)
{
}
else if (storage_class & STCctfe)
{
}
else
{
AggregateDeclaration *aad = parent->isAggregateDeclaration();
if (aad)
{
#if DMDV2
assert(!(storage_class & (STCextern | STCstatic | STCtls | STCgshared)));
if (storage_class & (STCconst | STCimmutable) && init)
{
if (!type->toBasetype()->isTypeBasic())
storage_class |= STCstatic;
}
else
#endif
{
storage_class |= STCfield;
alignment = sc->structalign;
#if DMDV2
if (tb->ty == Tstruct && ((TypeStruct *)tb)->sym->noDefaultCtor ||
tb->ty == Tclass && ((TypeClass *)tb)->sym->noDefaultCtor)
aad->noDefaultCtor = TRUE;
#endif
}
}
InterfaceDeclaration *id = parent->isInterfaceDeclaration();
if (id)
{
error("field not allowed in interface");
}
/* Templates cannot add fields to aggregates
*/
TemplateInstance *ti = parent->isTemplateInstance();
if (ti)
{
// Take care of nested templates
while (1)
{
TemplateInstance *ti2 = ti->tempdecl->parent->isTemplateInstance();
if (!ti2)
break;
ti = ti2;
}
// If it's a member template
AggregateDeclaration *ad2 = ti->tempdecl->isMember();
if (ad2 && storage_class != STCundefined)
{
error("cannot use template to add field to aggregate '%s'", ad2->toChars());
}
}
}
#if DMDV2
if ((storage_class & (STCref | STCparameter | STCforeach)) == STCref &&
ident != Id::This)
{
error("only parameters or foreach declarations can be ref");
}
#endif
if (type->isscope() && !noscope)
{
if (storage_class & (STCfield | STCout | STCref | STCstatic) || !fd)