about_files.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "<class '_io.TextIOWrapper'> \n",
      "\n",
      "First line of text\n",
      "Second line of text\n",
      "Third line of text\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "file = open('example_text.txt', 'r')\n",
    "print(type(file), '\\n')\n",
    "contents = file.read()\n",
    "print(contents)\n",
    "file.close()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "First line of text\n",
      "Second line of text\n",
      "Third line of text\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# менеджер контекста\n",
    "with open('example_text.txt', 'r') as file:\n",
    "    contents = file.read()\n",
    "print(contents)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'/Users/dm_fedorov'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import os\n",
    "os.getcwd()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "1: Александр Пушкин — Осень.\n",
      "I\n",
      "Октябрь уж наступил — уж роща отряхает\n",
      "Последние листы с нагих своих ветвей;\n",
      "Дохнул осенний хлад — дорога промерзает.\n",
      "Журча еще бежит за мельницу ручей,\n",
      "Но пруд уже застыл; сосед мой поспешает\n",
      "В отъезжие поля с охотою своей,\n",
      "И страждут озими от бешеной забавы,\n",
      "И будит лай собак уснувшие дубравы.\n",
      "II\n",
      "Теперь моя пора: я не люблю весны;\n",
      "Скучна мне оттепель; вонь, грязь — весной я болен;\n",
      "Кровь бродит; чувства, ум тоскою стеснены.\n",
      "Суровою зимой я более доволен,\n",
      "Люблю ее сне\n",
      "2: га; в присутствии луны\n",
      "К\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "with open('data_files/test_file.txt', 'r') as file:\n",
    "    contents = file.read(500)\n",
    "    part_2 = file.read(24)\n",
    "print('1:', contents)\n",
    "print('2:', part_2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['First line of text\\n', 'Second line of text\\n', 'Third line of text']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "with open('example_text.txt') as file:\n",
    "    lines = file.readlines()\n",
    "print(lines)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['Mercury\\n', 'Venus\\n', 'Earth\\n', 'Mars\\n', 'Jupiter\\n', 'Saturn\\n', 'Uranus\\n', 'Neptune\\n'] \n",
      "\n",
      "Neptune\n",
      "Uranus\n",
      "Saturn\n",
      "Jupiter\n",
      "Mars\n",
      "Earth\n",
      "Venus\n",
      "Mercury\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "with open('plan.txt') as file:\n",
    "    planets = file.readlines()\n",
    "print(planets, '\\n')\n",
    "for planet in reversed(planets):\n",
    "    print(planet.strip())"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "7\n",
      "5\n",
      "5\n",
      "4\n",
      "7\n",
      "6\n",
      "6\n",
      "7\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "with open('plan.txt') as file:\n",
    "    for line in file:\n",
    "        print(len(line.strip()))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "with open(\"top.txt\", 'w') as output_file:\n",
    "    output_file.write(\"Hello!\\n\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "this is string example....wow!!!\n",
      "th1s 1s str1ng xampl....wow!!!\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(\"this is string example....wow!!!\")\n",
    "print(\"th1s 1s str1ng xampl....wow!!!\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "trantab = str.maketrans({'i': '1', 'e': None})\n",
    "print(trantab)\n",
    "\n",
    "s = \"this is string example....wow!!!\"\n",
    "print(s.translate(trantab))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{97: 49, 101: 50, 105: 51, 111: 52, 117: 53}\n",
      "th3s 3s str3ng 2x1mpl2....w4w!!!\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "intab = \"aeiou\"\n",
    "outtab = \"12345\"\n",
    "trantab = str.maketrans(intab, outtab)\n",
    "print(trantab)\n",
    "\n",
    "s = \"this is string example....wow!!!\"\n",
    "print(s.translate(trantab))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{115: None, 119: None}\n",
      "thi i tring example....o!!!\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "trantab = str.maketrans(\"\", \"\", \"sw\")\n",
    "print(trantab)\n",
    "\n",
    "s = \"this is string example....wow!!!\"\n",
    "print(s.translate(trantab))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Документация про кодировки: https://ancatmara.gitbooks.io/digital-literacy/content/seminar-2.html"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# про unicode: https://djbook.ru/examples/24/"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# указывайте кодировку по умолчанию!"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "with open(\"top_cp1251.txt\", 'w', encoding='cp1251') as output_file:\n",
    "    output_file.write(\"Привет, мир!\\n\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "UnicodeDecodeError",
     "evalue": "'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0xcf in position 0: invalid continuation byte",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mUnicodeDecodeError\u001b[0m                        Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-24-c88167f7bee7>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      1\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mwith\u001b[0m \u001b[0mopen\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\"top_cp1251.txt\"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mas\u001b[0m \u001b[0moutput_file\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 2\u001b[0;31m     \u001b[0mprint\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0moutput_file\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mread\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;32m~/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/codecs.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36mdecode\u001b[0;34m(self, input, final)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    320\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;31m# decode input (taking the buffer into account)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    321\u001b[0m         \u001b[0mdata\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mbuffer\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m+\u001b[0m \u001b[0minput\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m--> 322\u001b[0;31m         \u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mresult\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mconsumed\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_buffer_decode\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mdata\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0merrors\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mfinal\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m    323\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;31m# keep undecoded input until the next call\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    324\u001b[0m         \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mbuffer\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdata\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0mconsumed\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[0;31mUnicodeDecodeError\u001b[0m: 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0xcf in position 0: invalid continuation byte"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "with open(\"top_cp1251.txt\") as output_file:\n",
    "    print(output_file.read())"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'😀'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 26,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "'\\N{GRINNING FACE}'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'😀'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 27,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "'\\U0001f600'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'²'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 28,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "'\\N{SUPERSCRIPT TWO}'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "b'\\xd0\\xbf\\xd1\\x80\\xd0\\xb8\\xd0\\xb2\\xd0\\xb5\\xd1\\x82'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 29,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "'привет'.encode(encoding='utf-8')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "b'hello'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 1,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "'hello'.encode(encoding='utf-8')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 30,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "b'\\xef\\xf0\\xe8\\xe2\\xe5\\xf2'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 30,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "'привет'.encode(encoding='cp1251')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 31,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "UnicodeDecodeError",
     "evalue": "'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0xef in position 0: invalid continuation byte",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mUnicodeDecodeError\u001b[0m                        Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-31-3b6a75102fa4>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0;34mb'\\xef\\xf0\\xe8\\xe2\\xe5\\xf2'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mdecode\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mencoding\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'utf-8'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mUnicodeDecodeError\u001b[0m: 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0xef in position 0: invalid continuation byte"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "b'\\xef\\xf0\\xe8\\xe2\\xe5\\xf2'.decode(encoding='utf-8')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 32,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'привет'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 32,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "b'\\xef\\xf0\\xe8\\xe2\\xe5\\xf2'.decode(encoding='cp1251')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 33,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Привет, мир!\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "with open(\"top_cp1251.txt\", 'r', encoding='cp1251') as output_file:\n",
    "    print(output_file.read())"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
 ],
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