pg_catalog.go

// Copyright 2016 The Cockroach Authors.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
// implied. See the License for the specific language governing
// permissions and limitations under the License.
//
// Author: Nathan VanBenschoten (nvanbenschoten@gmail.com)

package sql

import (
	"bytes"
	"encoding/binary"
	"fmt"
	"hash"
	"hash/fnv"
	"reflect"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"unicode"

	"github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/security"
	"github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/sql/parser"
	"github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/sql/sqlbase"
	"github.com/lib/pq/oid"
	"github.com/pkg/errors"
)

var (
	oidZero   = parser.NewDInt(0)
	zeroVal   = oidZero
	negOneVal = parser.NewDInt(-1)
)

const (
	pgCatalogName          = "pg_catalog"
	cockroachIndexEncoding = "prefix"
)

// pgCatalog contains a set of system tables mirroring PostgreSQL's pg_catalog schema.
// This code attempts to comply as closely as possible to the system catalogs documented
// in https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.6/static/catalogs.html.
var pgCatalog = virtualSchema{
	name: pgCatalogName,
	tables: []virtualSchemaTable{
		pgCatalogAmTable,
		pgCatalogAttrDefTable,
		pgCatalogAttributeTable,
		pgCatalogClassTable,
		pgCatalogConstraintTable,
		pgCatalogDatabaseTable,
		pgCatalogDependTable,
		pgCatalogDescriptionTable,
		pgCatalogIndexTable,
		pgCatalogIndexesTable,
		pgCatalogNamespaceTable,
		pgCatalogProcTable,
		pgCatalogRolesTable,
		pgCatalogSettingsTable,
		pgCatalogTablesTable,
		pgCatalogTypeTable,
		pgCatalogViewsTable,
	},
}

// See: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/catalog-pg-am.html.
var pgCatalogAmTable = virtualSchemaTable{
	schema: `
CREATE TABLE pg_catalog.pg_am (
	oid INT,
	amname STRING,
	amhandler INT,
	amtype CHAR
);
`,
	populate: func(p *planner, addRow func(...parser.Datum) error) error {
		h := makeOidHasher()
		h.writeStr(cockroachIndexEncoding)
		return addRow(
			h.getOid(),
			parser.NewDString(cockroachIndexEncoding),
			parser.DNull,
			parser.NewDString("i"),
		)
	},
}

// See: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.6/static/catalog-pg-attrdef.html.
var pgCatalogAttrDefTable = virtualSchemaTable{
	schema: `
CREATE TABLE pg_catalog.pg_attrdef (
	oid INT,
	adrelid INT,
	adnum INT,
	adbin STRING,
	adsrc STRING
);
`,
	populate: func(p *planner, addRow func(...parser.Datum) error) error {
		h := makeOidHasher()
		return forEachTableDesc(p,
			func(db *sqlbase.DatabaseDescriptor, table *sqlbase.TableDescriptor) error {
				colNum := 0
				return forEachColumnInTable(table, func(column *sqlbase.ColumnDescriptor) error {
					colNum++
					if column.DefaultExpr == nil {
						// pg_attrdef only expects rows for columns with default values.
						return nil
					}
					defSrc := parser.NewDString(*column.DefaultExpr)
					return addRow(
						h.ColumnOid(db, table, column),      // oid
						h.TableOid(db, table),               // adrelid
						parser.NewDInt(parser.DInt(colNum)), // adnum
						defSrc, // adbin
						defSrc, // adsrc
					)
				})
			},
		)
	},
}

// See: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.6/static/catalog-pg-attribute.html.
var pgCatalogAttributeTable = virtualSchemaTable{
	schema: `
CREATE TABLE pg_catalog.pg_attribute (
	attrelid INT,
	attname STRING,
	atttypid INT,
	attstattarget INT,
	attlen INT,
	attnum INT,
	attndims INT,
	attcacheoff INT,
	atttypmod INT,
	attbyval BOOL,
	attstorage CHAR,
	attalign CHAR,
	attnotnull BOOL,
	atthasdef BOOL,
	attisdropped BOOL,
	attislocal BOOL,
	attinhcount INT,
	attacl STRING,
	attoptions STRING,
	attfdwoptions STRING
);
`,
	populate: func(p *planner, addRow func(...parser.Datum) error) error {
		h := makeOidHasher()
		return forEachTableDesc(p,
			func(db *sqlbase.DatabaseDescriptor, table *sqlbase.TableDescriptor) error {
				// addColumn adds adds either a table or a index column to the pg_attribute table.
				addColumn := func(column *sqlbase.ColumnDescriptor, attRelID parser.Datum, colNum int) error {
					colTyp := column.Type.ToDatumType()
					return addRow(
						attRelID,                            // attrelid
						parser.NewDString(column.Name),      // attname
						typOid(colTyp),                      // atttypid
						zeroVal,                             // attstattarget
						typLen(colTyp),                      // attlen
						parser.NewDInt(parser.DInt(colNum)), // attnum
						zeroVal,      // attndims
						negOneVal,    // attcacheoff
						negOneVal,    // atttypmod
						parser.DNull, // attbyval (see pg_type.typbyval)
						parser.DNull, // attstorage
						parser.DNull, // attalign
						parser.MakeDBool(parser.DBool(!column.Nullable)),          // attnotnull
						parser.MakeDBool(parser.DBool(column.DefaultExpr != nil)), // atthasdef
						parser.MakeDBool(false),                                   // attisdropped
						parser.MakeDBool(true),                                    // attislocal
						zeroVal,                                                   // attinhcount
						parser.DNull,                                              // attacl
						parser.DNull,                                              // attoptions
						parser.DNull,                                              // attfdwoptions
					)
				}

				// Columns for table.
				colNum := 0
				if err := forEachColumnInTable(table, func(column *sqlbase.ColumnDescriptor) error {
					colNum++
					tableID := h.TableOid(db, table)
					return addColumn(column, tableID, colNum)
				}); err != nil {
					return err
				}

				// Columns for each index.
				return forEachIndexInTable(table, func(index *sqlbase.IndexDescriptor) error {
					colNum := 0
					return forEachColumnInIndex(table, index,
						func(column *sqlbase.ColumnDescriptor) error {
							colNum++
							idxID := h.IndexOid(db, table, index)
							return addColumn(column, idxID, colNum)
						},
					)
				})
			},
		)
	},
}

var (
	relKindTable = parser.NewDString("r")
	relKindIndex = parser.NewDString("i")
	relKindView  = parser.NewDString("v")
)

// See: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.6/static/catalog-pg-class.html.
var pgCatalogClassTable = virtualSchemaTable{
	schema: `
CREATE TABLE pg_catalog.pg_class (
	oid INT,
	relname STRING NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
	relnamespace INT,
	reltype INT,
	relowner INT,
	relam INT,
	relfilenode INT,
	reltablespace INT,
	relpages INT,
	reltuples FLOAT,
	relallvisible INT,
	reltoastrelid INT,
	relhasindex BOOL,
	relisshared BOOL,
	relistemp BOOL,
	relkind CHAR,
	relnatts INT,
	relchecks INT,
	relhasoids BOOL,
	relhaspkey BOOL,
	relhasrules BOOL,
	relhastriggers BOOL,
	relhassubclass BOOL,
	relfrozenxid INT,
	relacl STRING,
	reloptions STRING
);
`,
	populate: func(p *planner, addRow func(...parser.Datum) error) error {
		h := makeOidHasher()
		return forEachTableDesc(p,
			func(db *sqlbase.DatabaseDescriptor, table *sqlbase.TableDescriptor) error {
				// Table.
				relKind := relKindTable
				if table.IsView() {
					// The only difference between tables and views is the relkind column.
					relKind = relKindView
				}
				if err := addRow(
					h.TableOid(db, table),         // oid
					parser.NewDString(table.Name), // relname
					h.DBOid(db),                   // relnamespace
					oidZero,                       // reltype (PG creates a composite type in pg_type for each table)
					parser.DNull,                  // relowner
					parser.DNull,                  // relam
					oidZero,                       // relfilenode
					oidZero,                       // reltablespace
					parser.DNull,                  // relpages
					parser.DNull,                  // reltuples
					oidZero,                       // relallvisible
					oidZero,                       // reltoastrelid
					parser.MakeDBool(parser.DBool(table.IsPhysicalTable())), // relhasindex
					parser.MakeDBool(false),                                 // relisshared
					parser.MakeDBool(false),                                 // relistemp
					relKind,                                                 // relkind
					parser.NewDInt(parser.DInt(len(table.Columns))),         // relnatts
					parser.NewDInt(parser.DInt(len(table.Checks))),          // relchecks
					parser.MakeDBool(false),                                 // relhasoids
					parser.MakeDBool(parser.DBool(table.IsPhysicalTable())), // relhaspkey
					parser.MakeDBool(false),                                 // relhasrules
					parser.MakeDBool(false),                                 // relhastriggers
					parser.MakeDBool(false),                                 // relhassubclass
					zeroVal,                                                 // relfrozenxid
					parser.DNull,                                            // relacl
					parser.DNull,                                            // reloptions
				); err != nil {
					return err
				}

				// Indexes.
				return forEachIndexInTable(table, func(index *sqlbase.IndexDescriptor) error {
					return addRow(
						h.IndexOid(db, table, index),  // oid
						parser.NewDString(index.Name), // relname
						h.DBOid(db),                   // relnamespace
						oidZero,                       // reltype
						parser.DNull,                  // relowner
						parser.DNull,                  // relam
						oidZero,                       // relfilenode
						oidZero,                       // reltablespace
						parser.DNull,                  // relpages
						parser.DNull,                  // reltuples
						oidZero,                       // relallvisible
						oidZero,                       // reltoastrelid
						parser.MakeDBool(false),       // relhasindex
						parser.MakeDBool(false),       // relisshared
						parser.MakeDBool(false),       // relistemp
						relKindIndex,                  // relkind
						parser.NewDInt(parser.DInt(len(index.ColumnNames))), // relnatts
						zeroVal,                 // relchecks
						parser.MakeDBool(false), // relhasoids
						parser.MakeDBool(false), // relhaspkey
						parser.MakeDBool(false), // relhasrules
						parser.MakeDBool(false), // relhastriggers
						parser.MakeDBool(false), // relhassubclass
						zeroVal,                 // relfrozenxid
						parser.DNull,            // relacl
						parser.DNull,            // reloptions
					)
				})
			},
		)
	},
}

var (
	conTypeCheck     = parser.NewDString("c")
	conTypeFK        = parser.NewDString("f")
	conTypePKey      = parser.NewDString("p")
	conTypeUnique    = parser.NewDString("u")
	conTypeTrigger   = parser.NewDString("t")
	conTypeExclusion = parser.NewDString("x")

	// Avoid unused warning for constants.
	_ = conTypeTrigger
	_ = conTypeExclusion

	fkActionNone       = parser.NewDString("a")
	fkActionRestrict   = parser.NewDString("r")
	fkActionCascade    = parser.NewDString("c")
	fkActionSetNull    = parser.NewDString("n")
	fkActionSetDefault = parser.NewDString("d")

	// Avoid unused warning for constants.
	_ = fkActionRestrict
	_ = fkActionCascade
	_ = fkActionSetNull
	_ = fkActionSetDefault

	fkMatchTypeFull    = parser.NewDString("f")
	fkMatchTypePartial = parser.NewDString("p")
	fkMatchTypeSimple  = parser.NewDString("s")

	// Avoid unused warning for constants.
	_ = fkMatchTypeFull
	_ = fkMatchTypePartial
)

// See: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.6/static/catalog-pg-constraint.html.
var pgCatalogConstraintTable = virtualSchemaTable{
	schema: `
CREATE TABLE pg_catalog.pg_constraint (
	oid INT,
	conname STRING,
	connamespace INT,
	contype STRING,
	condeferrable BOOL,
	condeferred BOOL,
	convalidated BOOL,
	conrelid INT,
	contypid INT,
	conindid INT,
	confrelid INT,
	confupdtype STRING,
	confdeltype STRING,
	confmatchtype STRING,
	conislocal BOOL,
	coninhcount INT,
	connoinherit BOOL,
	conkey STRING,
	confkey STRING,
	conpfeqop STRING,
	conppeqop STRING,
	conffeqop STRING,
	conexclop STRING,
	conbin STRING,
	consrc STRING
);
`,
	populate: func(p *planner, addRow func(...parser.Datum) error) error {
		h := makeOidHasher()
		return forEachTableDescWithTableLookup(p,
			func(
				db *sqlbase.DatabaseDescriptor,
				table *sqlbase.TableDescriptor,
				tableLookup tableLookupFn,
			) error {
				info, err := table.GetConstraintInfoWithLookup(tableLookup.tableOrErr)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}

				for name, c := range info {
					oid := parser.DNull
					contype := parser.DNull
					conindid := zeroVal
					confrelid := zeroVal
					confupdtype := parser.DNull
					confdeltype := parser.DNull
					confmatchtype := parser.DNull
					conkey := parser.DNull
					confkey := parser.DNull
					consrc := parser.DNull

					// Determine constraint kind-specific fields.
					switch c.Kind {
					case sqlbase.ConstraintTypePK:
						oid = h.PrimaryKeyConstraintOid(db, table, c.Index)
						contype = conTypePKey
						conindid = h.IndexOid(db, table, c.Index)
						conkey = colIDArrayToDatum(c.Index.ColumnIDs)

					case sqlbase.ConstraintTypeFK:
						referencedDB, _ := tableLookup(c.ReferencedTable.ID)
						if referencedDB == nil {
							panic(fmt.Sprintf("could not find database of %+v", c.ReferencedTable))
						}

						oid = h.ForeignKeyConstraintOid(db, table, c.FK)
						contype = conTypeFK
						conindid = h.IndexOid(referencedDB, c.ReferencedTable, c.ReferencedIndex)
						confrelid = h.TableOid(referencedDB, c.ReferencedTable)
						confupdtype = fkActionNone
						confdeltype = fkActionNone
						confmatchtype = fkMatchTypeSimple
						conkey = colIDArrayToDatum(c.Index.ColumnIDs)
						confkey = colIDArrayToDatum(c.ReferencedIndex.ColumnIDs)

					case sqlbase.ConstraintTypeUnique:
						oid = h.UniqueConstraintOid(db, table, c.Index)
						contype = conTypeUnique
						conindid = h.IndexOid(db, table, c.Index)
						conkey = colIDArrayToDatum(c.Index.ColumnIDs)

					case sqlbase.ConstraintTypeCheck:
						oid = h.CheckConstraintOid(db, table, c.CheckConstraint)
						contype = conTypeCheck
						// TODO(nvanbenschoten) We currently do not store the referenced columns for a check
						// constraint. We should add an array of column indexes to
						// sqlbase.TableDescriptor_CheckConstraint and use that here.
						consrc = parser.NewDString(c.Details)
					}

					if err := addRow(
						oid,                                            // oid
						dStringOrNull(name),                            // conname
						h.DBOid(db),                                    // connamespace
						contype,                                        // contype
						parser.MakeDBool(false),                        // condeferrable
						parser.MakeDBool(false),                        // condeferred
						parser.MakeDBool(parser.DBool(!c.Unvalidated)), // convalidated
						h.TableOid(db, table),                          // conrelid
						zeroVal,                                        // contypid
						conindid,                                       // conindid
						confrelid,                                      // confrelid
						confupdtype,                                    // confupdtype
						confdeltype,                                    // confdeltype
						confmatchtype,                                  // confmatchtype
						parser.MakeDBool(true),                         // conislocal
						zeroVal,                                        // coninhcount
						parser.MakeDBool(true),                         // connoinherit
						conkey,                                         // conkey
						confkey,                                        // confkey
						parser.DNull,                                   // conpfeqop
						parser.DNull,                                   // conppeqop
						parser.DNull,                                   // conffeqop
						parser.DNull,                                   // conexclop
						consrc,                                         // conbin
						consrc,                                         // consrc
					); err != nil {
						return err
					}
				}
				return nil
			},
		)
	},
}

// colIDArrayToDatum returns a mock int[] as a DString for a slice of ColumnIDs.
// TODO(nvanbenschoten) use real int arrays when they are supported.
func colIDArrayToDatum(arr []sqlbase.ColumnID) parser.Datum {
	if len(arr) == 0 {
		return parser.DNull
	}
	var buf bytes.Buffer
	buf.WriteByte('{')
	for i, val := range arr {
		if i > 0 {
			buf.WriteByte(',')
		}
		buf.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(int(val)))
	}
	buf.WriteByte('}')
	return parser.NewDString(buf.String())
}

var (
	// http://doxygen.postgresql.org/pg__wchar_8h.html#a22e0c8b9f59f6e226a5968620b4bb6a9aac3b065b882d3231ba59297524da2f23
	datEncodingUTFId  = parser.NewDInt(6)
	datEncodingEnUTF8 = parser.NewDString("en_US.utf8")
)

// See https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.6/static/catalog-pg-database.html
var pgCatalogDatabaseTable = virtualSchemaTable{
	schema: `
CREATE TABLE pg_catalog.pg_database (
	oid INT,
	datname STRING,
	datdba INT,
	encoding INT,
	datcollate STRING,
	datctype STRING,
	datistemplate BOOL,
	datallowconn BOOL,
	datconnlimit INT,
	datlastsysoid INT,
	datfrozenxid INT,
	datminmxid INT,
	dattablespace INT,
	datacl STRING
);
`,
	populate: func(p *planner, addRow func(...parser.Datum) error) error {
		h := makeOidHasher()
		return forEachDatabaseDesc(p, func(db *sqlbase.DatabaseDescriptor) error {
			return addRow(
				h.DBOid(db),                // oid
				parser.NewDString(db.Name), // datname
				parser.DNull,               // datdba
				datEncodingUTFId,           // encoding
				datEncodingEnUTF8,          // datcollate
				datEncodingEnUTF8,          // datctype
				parser.MakeDBool(false),    // datistemplate
				parser.MakeDBool(true),     // datallowconn
				negOneVal,                  // datconnlimit
				parser.DNull,               // datlastsysoid
				parser.DNull,               // datfrozenxid
				parser.DNull,               // datminmxid
				parser.DNull,               // dattablespace
				parser.DNull,               // datacl
			)
		})
	},
}
var (
	depTypeNormal        = parser.NewDString("n")
	depTypeAuto          = parser.NewDString("a")
	depTypeInternal      = parser.NewDString("i")
	depTypeExtension     = parser.NewDString("e")
	depTypeAutoExtension = parser.NewDString("x")
	depTypePin           = parser.NewDString("p")

	// Avoid unused warning for constants.
	_ = depTypeAuto
	_ = depTypeInternal
	_ = depTypeExtension
	_ = depTypeAutoExtension
	_ = depTypePin
)

// See https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.6/static/catalog-pg-depend.html.
//
// pg_depend is a fairly complex table that details many different kinds of
// relationships between database objects. We do not implement the vast
// majority of this table, as it is mainly used by pgjdbc to address a
// deficiency in pg_constraint that was removed in postgres v9.0 with the
// addition of the conindid column. To provide backward compatibility with
// pgjdbc drivers before https://github.com/pgjdbc/pgjdbc/pull/689, we
// provide those rows in pg_depend that track the dependency of foreign key
// constraints on their supporting index entries in pg_class.
var pgCatalogDependTable = virtualSchemaTable{
	schema: `
CREATE TABLE pg_catalog.pg_depend (
  classid INT,
  objid INT,
  objsubid INT,
  refclassid INT,
  refobjid INT,
  refobjsubid INT,
  deptype CHAR
);
`,
	populate: func(p *planner, addRow func(...parser.Datum) error) error {
		h := makeOidHasher()
		db, err := p.getDatabaseDesc("pg_catalog")
		if err != nil {
			return errors.New("could not find pg_catalog")
		}
		pgConstraintDesc, err := p.getTableDesc(
			&parser.TableName{
				DatabaseName: "pg_catalog",
				TableName:    "pg_constraint"})
		if err != nil {
			return errors.New("could not find pg_catalog.pg_constraint")
		}
		pgConstraintTableOid := h.TableOid(db, pgConstraintDesc)

		pgClassDesc, err := p.getTableDesc(
			&parser.TableName{
				DatabaseName: "pg_catalog",
				TableName:    "pg_class"})
		if err != nil {
			return errors.New("could not find pg_catalog.pg_class")
		}
		pgClassTableOid := h.TableOid(db, pgClassDesc)

		return forEachTableDescWithTableLookup(p,
			func(
				db *sqlbase.DatabaseDescriptor,
				table *sqlbase.TableDescriptor,
				tableLookup tableLookupFn,
			) error {
				info, err := table.GetConstraintInfoWithLookup(tableLookup.tableOrErr)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
				for _, c := range info {
					if c.Kind != sqlbase.ConstraintTypeFK {
						continue
					}
					referencedDB, _ := tableLookup(c.ReferencedTable.ID)
					if referencedDB == nil {
						panic(fmt.Sprintf("could not find database of %+v", c.ReferencedTable))
					}

					constraintOid := h.ForeignKeyConstraintOid(db, table, c.FK)
					refObjID := h.IndexOid(referencedDB, c.ReferencedTable, c.ReferencedIndex)

					if err := addRow(
						pgConstraintTableOid, // classid
						constraintOid,        // objid
						zeroVal,              // objsubid
						pgClassTableOid,      // refclassid
						refObjID,             // refobjid
						zeroVal,              // refobjsubid
						depTypeNormal,        // deptype
					); err != nil {
						return err
					}
				}
				return nil
			})
	},
}

// See: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.6/static/catalog-pg-description.html.
var pgCatalogDescriptionTable = virtualSchemaTable{
	schema: `
CREATE TABLE pg_catalog.pg_description (
	objoid INT,
	classoid INT,
	objsubid INT,
	description STRING
);
`,
	populate: func(p *planner, addRow func(...parser.Datum) error) error {
		// Comments on database objects are not currently supported.
		return nil
	},
}

// See: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.6/static/catalog-pg-index.html.
var pgCatalogIndexTable = virtualSchemaTable{
	schema: `
CREATE TABLE pg_catalog.pg_index (
    indexrelid INT,
    indrelid INT,
    indnatts INT,
    indisunique BOOL,
    indisprimary BOOL,
    indisexclusion BOOL,
    indimmediate BOOL,
    indisclustered BOOL,
    indisvalid BOOL,
    indcheckxmin BOOL,
    indisready BOOL,
    indislive BOOL,
    indisreplident BOOL,
    indkey STRING,
    indcollation INT,
    indclass INT,
    indoption INT,
    indexprs STRING,
    indpred STRING
);
`,
	populate: func(p *planner, addRow func(...parser.Datum) error) error {
		h := makeOidHasher()
		return forEachTableDesc(p,
			func(db *sqlbase.DatabaseDescriptor, table *sqlbase.TableDescriptor) error {
				tableOid := h.TableOid(db, table)
				return forEachIndexInTable(table, func(index *sqlbase.IndexDescriptor) error {
					isValid := true
					isReady := false
					for _, mutation := range table.Mutations {
						if mutationIndex := mutation.GetIndex(); mutationIndex != nil {
							if mutationIndex.ID == index.ID {
								isValid = false
								if mutation.State == sqlbase.DescriptorMutation_WRITE_ONLY {
									isReady = true
								}
								break
							}
						}
					}
					return addRow(
						h.IndexOid(db, table, index), // indexrelid
						tableOid,                     // indrelid
						parser.NewDInt(parser.DInt(len(index.ColumnNames))),                                          // indnatts
						parser.MakeDBool(parser.DBool(index.Unique)),                                                 // indisunique
						parser.MakeDBool(parser.DBool(table.IsPhysicalTable() && index.ID == table.PrimaryIndex.ID)), // indisprimary
						parser.MakeDBool(false),                      // indisexclusion
						parser.MakeDBool(parser.DBool(index.Unique)), // indimmediate
						parser.MakeDBool(false),                      // indisclustered
						parser.MakeDBool(parser.DBool(isValid)),      // indisvalid
						parser.MakeDBool(false),                      // indcheckxmin
						parser.MakeDBool(parser.DBool(isReady)),      // indisready
						parser.MakeDBool(true),                       // indislive
						parser.MakeDBool(false),                      // indisreplident
						colIDArrayToDatum(index.ColumnIDs),           // indkey
						zeroVal,      // indcollation
						zeroVal,      // indclass
						zeroVal,      // indoption
						parser.DNull, // indexprs
						parser.DNull, // indpred
					)
				})
			},
		)
	},
}

// See: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.6/static/view-pg-indexes.html.
var pgCatalogIndexesTable = virtualSchemaTable{
	schema: `
CREATE TABLE pg_catalog.pg_indexes (
	schemaname STRING,
	tablename STRING,
	indexname STRING,
	tablespace STRING,
	indexdef STRING
);
`,
	populate: func(p *planner, addRow func(...parser.Datum) error) error {
		return forEachTableDesc(p,
			func(db *sqlbase.DatabaseDescriptor, table *sqlbase.TableDescriptor) error {
				return forEachIndexInTable(table, func(index *sqlbase.IndexDescriptor) error {
					def, err := indexDefFromDescriptor(p, db, table, index)
					if err != nil {
						return err
					}
					return addRow(
						parser.NewDString(db.Name),    // schemaname
						parser.NewDString(table.Name), // tablename
						parser.NewDString(index.Name), // indexname
						parser.DNull,                  // tablespace
						parser.NewDString(def),        // indexdef
					)
				})
			},
		)
	},
}

// indexDefFromDescriptor creates an index definition (`CREATE INDEX ... ON (...)`) from
// and index descriptor by reconstructing a CreateIndex parser node and calling its
// String method.
func indexDefFromDescriptor(
	p *planner,
	db *sqlbase.DatabaseDescriptor,
	table *sqlbase.TableDescriptor,
	index *sqlbase.IndexDescriptor,
) (string, error) {
	indexDef := parser.CreateIndex{
		Name: parser.Name(index.Name),
		Table: parser.NormalizableTableName{
			TableNameReference: &parser.TableName{
				DatabaseName: parser.Name(db.Name),
				TableName:    parser.Name(table.Name),
			},
		},
		Unique:  index.Unique,
		Columns: make(parser.IndexElemList, len(index.ColumnNames)),
		Storing: make(parser.NameList, len(index.StoreColumnNames)),
	}
	for i, name := range index.ColumnNames {
		elem := parser.IndexElem{
			Column:    parser.Name(name),
			Direction: parser.Ascending,
		}
		if index.ColumnDirections[i] == sqlbase.IndexDescriptor_DESC {
			elem.Direction = parser.Descending
		}
		indexDef.Columns[i] = elem
	}
	for i, name := range index.StoreColumnNames {
		indexDef.Storing[i] = parser.Name(name)
	}
	if len(index.Interleave.Ancestors) > 0 {
		intl := index.Interleave
		parentTable, err := sqlbase.GetTableDescFromID(p.txn, intl.Ancestors[len(intl.Ancestors)-1].TableID)
		if err != nil {
			return "", err
		}
		var sharedPrefixLen int
		for _, ancestor := range intl.Ancestors {
			sharedPrefixLen += int(ancestor.SharedPrefixLen)
		}
		fields := index.ColumnNames[:sharedPrefixLen]
		intlDef := &parser.InterleaveDef{
			Parent: parser.NormalizableTableName{
				TableNameReference: &parser.TableName{
					TableName: parser.Name(parentTable.Name),
				},
			},
			Fields: make(parser.NameList, len(fields)),
		}
		for i, field := range fields {
			intlDef.Fields[i] = parser.Name(field)
		}
		indexDef.Interleave = intlDef
	}
	return indexDef.String(), nil
}

// See: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.6/static/catalog-pg-namespace.html.
var pgCatalogNamespaceTable = virtualSchemaTable{
	schema: `
CREATE TABLE pg_catalog.pg_namespace (
	oid INT,
	nspname STRING NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
	nspowner INT,
	aclitem STRING
);
`,
	populate: func(p *planner, addRow func(...parser.Datum) error) error {
		h := makeOidHasher()
		return forEachDatabaseDesc(p, func(db *sqlbase.DatabaseDescriptor) error {
			return addRow(
				h.DBOid(db),                // oid
				parser.NewDString(db.Name), // nspname
				parser.DNull,               // nspowner
				parser.DNull,               // aclitem
			)
		})
	},
}

var (
	proArgModeInOut    = parser.NewDString("b")
	proArgModeIn       = parser.NewDString("i")
	proArgModeOut      = parser.NewDString("o")
	proArgModeTable    = parser.NewDString("t")
	proArgModeVariadic = parser.NewDString("v")

	// Avoid unused warning for constants.
	_ = proArgModeInOut
	_ = proArgModeIn
	_ = proArgModeOut
	_ = proArgModeTable
)

func datumToOidOrPanic(typ parser.Type, builtin parser.Builtin) oid.Oid {
	oid, ok := DatumToOid(typ)
	if !ok {
		panic(fmt.Sprintf("programmer error: could not find referenced type %v on builtin %v",
			typ, builtin))
	}
	return oid
}

// See: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.6/static/catalog-pg-proc.html
var pgCatalogProcTable = virtualSchemaTable{
	schema: `
CREATE TABLE pg_catalog.pg_proc (
	oid INT,
	proname STRING,
	pronamespace INT,
	proowner INT,
	prolang INT,
	procost FLOAT,
	prorows FLOAT,
	provariadic INT,
	protransform STRING,
	proisagg BOOL,
	proiswindow BOOL,
	prosecdef BOOL,
	proleakproof BOOL,
	proisstrict BOOL,
	proretset BOOL,
	provolatile CHAR,
	proparallel CHAR,
	pronargs INT,
	pronargdefaults INT,
	prorettype INT,
	proargtypes STRING,
	proallargtypes STRING,
	proargmodes STRING,
	proargnames STRING,
	proargdefaults STRING,
	protrftypes STRING,
	prosrc STRING,
	probin STRING,
	proconfig STRING,
	proacl STRING
);
`,
	populate: func(p *planner, addRow func(...parser.Datum) error) error {
		h := makeOidHasher()
		dbDesc, err := p.getDatabaseDesc(pgCatalogName)
		dbOid := h.DBOid(dbDesc)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		for name, builtins := range parser.Builtins {
			// parser.Builtins contains duplicate uppercase and lowercase keys.
			// Only return the lowercase ones for compatibility with postgres.
			var first rune
			for _, c := range name {
				first = c
				break
			}
			if unicode.IsUpper(first) {
				continue
			}
			for _, builtin := range builtins {
				dName := parser.NewDString(name)
				isAggregate := builtin.Class() == parser.AggregateClass
				isWindow := builtin.Class() == parser.WindowClass

				var retType parser.Datum
				if builtin.ReturnType != nil {
					oid := datumToOidOrPanic(builtin.ReturnType, builtin)
					retType = parser.NewDInt(parser.DInt(oid))
				}

				argTypes := builtin.Types
				dArgTypes := make([]string, len(argTypes.Types()))
				for i, argType := range argTypes.Types() {
					dArgType := datumToOidOrPanic(argType, builtin)
					dArgTypes[i] = strconv.Itoa(int(dArgType))
				}
				dArgTypeString := strings.Join(dArgTypes, ", ")

				var argmodes parser.Datum
				var variadicType *parser.DInt
				switch argTypes.(type) {
				case parser.VariadicType:
					argmodes = proArgModeVariadic
					argType := argTypes.Types()[0]
					oid := datumToOidOrPanic(argType, builtin)
					variadicType = parser.NewDInt(parser.DInt(oid))
				case parser.AnyType:
					argmodes = proArgModeVariadic
					argType := parser.TypeAny
					oid := datumToOidOrPanic(argType, builtin)
					variadicType = parser.NewDInt(parser.DInt(oid))

				default:
					argmodes = parser.DNull
					variadicType = oidZero
				}
				err := addRow(
					h.BuiltinOid(name, &builtin), // oid
					dName,                                             // proname
					dbOid,                                             // pronamespace
					parser.DNull,                                      // proowner
					oidZero,                                           // prolang
					parser.DNull,                                      // procost
					parser.DNull,                                      // prorows
					variadicType,                                      // provariadic
					parser.DNull,                                      // protransform
					parser.MakeDBool(parser.DBool(isAggregate)),       // proisagg
					parser.MakeDBool(parser.DBool(isWindow)),          // proiswindow
					parser.MakeDBool(false),                           // prosecdef
					parser.MakeDBool(parser.DBool(!builtin.Impure())), // proleakproof
					parser.MakeDBool(false),                           // proisstrict
					parser.MakeDBool(false),                           // proretset
					parser.DNull,                                      // provolatile
					parser.DNull,                                      // proparallel
					parser.NewDInt(parser.DInt(builtin.Types.Length())), // pronargs
					parser.NewDInt(parser.DInt(0)),                      // pronargdefaults
					retType, // prorettype
					parser.NewDString(dArgTypeString), // proargtypes
					parser.DNull,                      // proallargtypes
					argmodes,                          // proargmodes
					parser.DNull,                      // proargnames
					parser.DNull,                      // proargdefaults
					parser.DNull,                      // protrftypes
					dName,                             // prosrc
					parser.DNull,                      // probin
					parser.DNull,                      // proconfig
					parser.DNull,                      // proacl
				)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
			}
		}
		return nil
	},
}

// See: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.6/static/view-pg-roles.html.
var pgCatalogRolesTable = virtualSchemaTable{
	schema: `
CREATE TABLE pg_catalog.pg_roles (
	oid INT,
	rolname STRING,
	rolsuper BOOL,
	rolinherit BOOL,
	rolcreaterole BOOL,
	rolcreatedb BOOL,
	rolcatupdate BOOL,
	rolcanlogin BOOL,
	rolconnlimit INT,
	rolpassword STRING,
	rolvaliduntil TIMESTAMPTZ,
	rolconfig STRING
);
`,
	populate: func(p *planner, addRow func(...parser.Datum) error) error {
		// We intentionally do not check if the user has access to system.user.
		// Because Postgres allows access to pg_roles by non-privileged users, we
		// need to do the same. This shouldn't be an issue, because pg_roles doesn't
		// include sensitive information such as password hashes.
		h := makeOidHasher()
		return forEachUser(p,
			func(username string) error {
				isRoot := parser.DBool(username == security.RootUser)
				return addRow(
					h.UserOid(username),           // oid
					parser.NewDString(username),   // rolname
					parser.MakeDBool(isRoot),      // rolsuper
					parser.MakeDBool(false),       // rolinherit
					parser.MakeDBool(isRoot),      // rolcreaterole
					parser.MakeDBool(isRoot),      // rolcreatedb
					parser.MakeDBool(false),       // rolcatupdate
					parser.MakeDBool(true),        // rolcanlogin
					negOneVal,                     // rolconnlimit
					parser.NewDString("********"), // rolpassword
					parser.DNull,                  // rolvaliduntil
					parser.NewDString("{}"),       // rolconfig
				)
			},
		)
	},
}

var (
	varTypeString   = parser.NewDString("string")
	settingsCtxUser = parser.NewDString("user")
)

// See: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.6/static/view-pg-settings.html.
var pgCatalogSettingsTable = virtualSchemaTable{
	schema: `
CREATE TABLE pg_catalog.pg_settings (
    name STRING,
    setting STRING,
    unit STRING,
    category STRING,
    short_desc STRING,
    extra_desc STRING,
    context STRING,
    vartype STRING,
    source STRING,
    min_val STRING,
    max_val STRING,
    enumvals STRING,
    boot_val STRING,
    reset_val STRING,
    sourcefile STRING,
    sourceline int,
    pending_restart BOOL  
);    
`,
	populate: func(p *planner, addRow func(...parser.Datum) error) error {
		for _, vName := range varNames {
			gen := varGen[vName]
			value := gen(p)
			valueDatum := parser.NewDString(value)
			if err := addRow(
				parser.NewDString(strings.ToLower(vName)), // name
				valueDatum,              // setting
				parser.DNull,            // unit
				parser.DNull,            // category
				parser.DNull,            // short_desc
				parser.DNull,            // extra_desc
				settingsCtxUser,         // context
				varTypeString,           // vartype
				parser.DNull,            // source
				parser.DNull,            // min_val
				parser.DNull,            // max_val
				parser.DNull,            // enumvals
				valueDatum,              // boot_val
				valueDatum,              // reset_val
				parser.DNull,            // sourcefile
				parser.DNull,            // sourceline
				parser.MakeDBool(false), // pending_restart
			); err != nil {
				return err
			}
		}
		return nil
	},
}

// See: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.6/static/view-pg-tables.html.
var pgCatalogTablesTable = virtualSchemaTable{
	schema: `
CREATE TABLE pg_catalog.pg_tables (
	schemaname STRING,
	tablename STRING,
	tableowner STRING,
	tablespace STRING,
	hasindexes BOOL,
	hasrules BOOL,
	hastriggers BOOL,
	rowsecurity BOOL
);
`,
	populate: func(p *planner, addRow func(...parser.Datum) error) error {
		return forEachTableDesc(p,
			func(db *sqlbase.DatabaseDescriptor, table *sqlbase.TableDescriptor) error {
				if table.IsView() {
					return nil
				}
				return addRow(
					parser.NewDString(db.Name),    // schemaname
					parser.NewDString(table.Name), // tablename
					parser.DNull,                  // tableowner
					parser.DNull,                  // tablespace
					parser.MakeDBool(parser.DBool(table.IsPhysicalTable())), // hasindexes
					parser.MakeDBool(false),                                 // hasrules
					parser.MakeDBool(false),                                 // hastriggers
					parser.MakeDBool(false),                                 // rowsecurity
				)
			},
		)
	},
}

var (
	typTypeBase      = parser.NewDString("b")
	typTypeComposite = parser.NewDString("c")
	typTypeDomain    = parser.NewDString("d")
	typTypeEnum      = parser.NewDString("e")
	typTypePseudo    = parser.NewDString("p")
	typTypeRange     = parser.NewDString("r")

	// Avoid unused warning for constants.
	_ = typTypeComposite
	_ = typTypeDomain
	_ = typTypeEnum
	_ = typTypePseudo
	_ = typTypeRange

	// See https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.6/static/catalog-pg-type.html#CATALOG-TYPCATEGORY-TABLE.
	typCategoryArray       = parser.NewDString("A")
	typCategoryBoolean     = parser.NewDString("B")
	typCategoryComposite   = parser.NewDString("C")
	typCategoryDateTime    = parser.NewDString("D")
	typCategoryEnum        = parser.NewDString("E")
	typCategoryGeometric   = parser.NewDString("G")
	typCategoryNetworkAddr = parser.NewDString("I")
	typCategoryNumeric     = parser.NewDString("N")
	typCategoryPseudo      = parser.NewDString("P")
	typCategoryRange       = parser.NewDString("R")
	typCategoryString      = parser.NewDString("S")
	typCategoryTimespan    = parser.NewDString("T")
	typCategoryUserDefined = parser.NewDString("U")
	typCategoryBitString   = parser.NewDString("V")
	typCategoryUnknown     = parser.NewDString("X")

	// Avoid unused warning for constants.
	_ = typCategoryArray
	_ = typCategoryComposite
	_ = typCategoryEnum
	_ = typCategoryGeometric
	_ = typCategoryNetworkAddr
	_ = typCategoryPseudo
	_ = typCategoryRange
	_ = typCategoryBitString
	_ = typCategoryUnknown

	typDelim = parser.NewDString(",")
)

// See: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.6/static/catalog-pg-type.html.
var pgCatalogTypeTable = virtualSchemaTable{
	schema: `
CREATE TABLE pg_catalog.pg_type (
	oid INT,
	typname STRING NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
	typnamespace INT,
	typowner INT,
	typlen INT,
	typbyval BOOL,
	typtype CHAR,
	typcategory CHAR,
	typispreferred BOOL,
	typisdefined BOOL,
	typdelim CHAR,
	typrelid INT,
	typelem INT,
	typarray INT,
	typinput INT,
	typoutput INT,
	typreceive INT,
	typsend INT,
	typmodin INT,
	typmodout INT,
	typanalyze INT,
	typalign CHAR,
	typstorage CHAR,
	typnotnull BOOL,
	typbasetype INT,
	typtypmod INT,
	typndims INT,
	typcollation INT,
	typdefaultbin STRING,
	typdefault STRING,
	typacl STRING
);
`,
	populate: func(p *planner, addRow func(...parser.Datum) error) error {
		for oid, typ := range oidToDatum {
			if err := addRow(
				parser.NewDInt(parser.DInt(oid)), // oid
				parser.NewDString(typ.String()),  // typname
				parser.DNull,                     // typnamespace
				parser.DNull,                     // typowner
				typLen(typ),                      // typlen
				typByVal(typ),                    // typbyval
				typTypeBase,                      // typtype
				typCategory(typ),                 // typcategory
				parser.MakeDBool(false),          // typispreferred
				parser.MakeDBool(true),           // typisdefined
				typDelim,                         // typdelim
				zeroVal,                          // typrelid
				zeroVal,                          // typelem
				zeroVal,                          // typarray

				// regproc references
				zeroVal, // typinput
				zeroVal, // typoutput
				zeroVal, // typreceive
				zeroVal, // typsend
				zeroVal, // typmodin
				zeroVal, // typmodout
				zeroVal, // typanalyze

				parser.DNull,            // typalign
				parser.DNull,            // typstorage
				parser.MakeDBool(false), // typnotnull
				zeroVal,                 // typbasetype
				negOneVal,               // typtypmod
				zeroVal,                 // typndims
				zeroVal,                 // typcollation
				parser.DNull,            // typdefaultbin
				parser.DNull,            // typdefault
				parser.DNull,            // typacl
			); err != nil {
				return err
			}
		}
		return nil
	},
}

// typOid is the only OID generation approach that does not use oidHasher, because
// object identifiers for types are not arbitrary, but instead need to be kept in
// sync with Postgres.
func typOid(typ parser.Type) *parser.DInt {
	oid, _ := DatumToOid(typ)
	return parser.NewDInt(parser.DInt(oid))
}

func typLen(typ parser.Type) *parser.DInt {
	if sz, variable := typ.Size(); !variable {
		return parser.NewDInt(parser.DInt(sz))
	}
	return negOneVal
}

func typByVal(typ parser.Type) parser.Datum {
	_, variable := typ.Size()
	return parser.MakeDBool(parser.DBool(!variable))
}

// This mapping should be kept sync with PG's categorization.
var datumToTypeCategory = map[reflect.Type]*parser.DString{
	reflect.TypeOf(parser.TypeAny):         typCategoryPseudo,
	reflect.TypeOf(parser.TypeArray):       typCategoryArray,
	reflect.TypeOf(parser.TypeBool):        typCategoryBoolean,
	reflect.TypeOf(parser.TypeBytes):       typCategoryUserDefined,
	reflect.TypeOf(parser.TypeDate):        typCategoryDateTime,
	reflect.TypeOf(parser.TypeFloat):       typCategoryNumeric,
	reflect.TypeOf(parser.TypeInt):         typCategoryNumeric,
	reflect.TypeOf(parser.TypeInterval):    typCategoryTimespan,
	reflect.TypeOf(parser.TypeDecimal):     typCategoryNumeric,
	reflect.TypeOf(parser.TypeString):      typCategoryString,
	reflect.TypeOf(parser.TypeTimestamp):   typCategoryDateTime,
	reflect.TypeOf(parser.TypeTimestampTZ): typCategoryDateTime,
	reflect.TypeOf(parser.TypeTuple):       typCategoryPseudo,
}

func typCategory(typ parser.Type) parser.Datum {
	return datumToTypeCategory[reflect.TypeOf(typ)]
}

// See: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.6/static/view-pg-views.html.
var pgCatalogViewsTable = virtualSchemaTable{
	schema: `
CREATE TABLE pg_catalog.pg_views (
	schemaname STRING,
	viewname STRING,
	viewowner STRING,
	definition STRING
);
`,
	populate: func(p *planner, addRow func(...parser.Datum) error) error {
		return forEachTableDesc(p,
			func(db *sqlbase.DatabaseDescriptor, desc *sqlbase.TableDescriptor) error {
				if !desc.IsView() {
					return nil
				}
				// Note that the view query printed will not include any column aliases
				// specified outside the initial view query into the definition
				// returned, unlike postgres. For example, for the view created via
				//  `CREATE VIEW (a) AS SELECT b FROM foo`
				// we'll only print `SELECT b FROM foo` as the view definition here,
				// while postgres would more accurately print `SELECT b AS a FROM foo`.
				// TODO(a-robinson): Insert column aliases into view query once we
				// have a semantic query representation to work with (#10083).
				return addRow(
					parser.NewDString(db.Name),        // schemaname
					parser.NewDString(desc.Name),      // viewname
					parser.DNull,                      // viewowner
					parser.NewDString(desc.ViewQuery), // definition
				)
			},
		)
	},
}

// oidHasher provides a consistent hashing mechanism for object identifiers in
// pg_catalog tables, allowing for reliable joins across tables.
//
// In Postgres, oids are physical properties of database objects which are
// sequentially generated and naturally unique across all objects. See:
// https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.6/static/datatype-oid.html.
// Because Cockroach does not have an equivalent concept, we generate arbitrary
// fingerprints for database objects with the only requirements being that they
// are unique across all objects and that they are stable across accesses.
//
// The type has a few layers of methods:
// - write<go_type> methods write concrete types to the underlying running hash.
// - write<db_object> methods account for single database objects like TableDescriptors
//   or IndexDescriptors in the running hash. These methods aim to write information
//   that would uniquely fingerprint the object to the hash using the first layer of
//   methods.
// - <DB_Object>Oid methods use the second layer of methods to construct a unique
//   object identifier for the provided database object. This object identifier will
//   be returned as a *parser.DInt, and the running hash will be reset. These are the
//   only methods that are part of the oidHasher's external facing interface.
//
type oidHasher struct {
	h hash.Hash32
}

func makeOidHasher() oidHasher {
	return oidHasher{h: fnv.New32()}
}

func (h oidHasher) writeStr(s string) {
	if _, err := h.h.Write([]byte(s)); err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
}

func (h oidHasher) writeUInt8(i uint8) {
	if err := binary.Write(h.h, binary.BigEndian, i); err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
}

func (h oidHasher) writeUInt32(i uint32) {
	if err := binary.Write(h.h, binary.BigEndian, i); err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
}

type oidTypeTag uint8

const (
	_ oidTypeTag = iota
	databaseTypeTag
	tableTypeTag
	indexTypeTag
	columnTypeTag
	checkConstraintTypeTag
	fkConstraintTypeTag
	pKeyConstraintTypeTag
	uniqueConstraintTypeTag
	functionTypeTag
	userTypeTag
)

func (h oidHasher) writeTypeTag(tag oidTypeTag) {
	h.writeUInt8(uint8(tag))
}

func (h oidHasher) getOid() *parser.DInt {
	i := h.h.Sum32()
	h.h.Reset()
	return parser.NewDInt(parser.DInt(i))
}

func (h oidHasher) writeDB(db *sqlbase.DatabaseDescriptor) {
	h.writeUInt32(uint32(db.ID))
	h.writeStr(db.Name)
}

func (h oidHasher) writeTable(table *sqlbase.TableDescriptor) {
	h.writeUInt32(uint32(table.ID))
	h.writeStr(table.Name)
}

func (h oidHasher) writeIndex(index *sqlbase.IndexDescriptor) {
	h.writeUInt32(uint32(index.ID))
}

func (h oidHasher) writeColumn(column *sqlbase.ColumnDescriptor) {
	h.writeUInt32(uint32(column.ID))
	h.writeStr(column.Name)
}

func (h oidHasher) writeCheckConstraint(check *sqlbase.TableDescriptor_CheckConstraint) {
	h.writeStr(check.Name)
	h.writeStr(check.Expr)
}

func (h oidHasher) writeForeignKeyReference(fk *sqlbase.ForeignKeyReference) {
	h.writeUInt32(uint32(fk.Table))
	h.writeUInt32(uint32(fk.Index))
	h.writeStr(fk.Name)
}

func (h oidHasher) DBOid(db *sqlbase.DatabaseDescriptor) *parser.DInt {
	h.writeTypeTag(databaseTypeTag)
	h.writeDB(db)
	return h.getOid()
}

func (h oidHasher) TableOid(
	db *sqlbase.DatabaseDescriptor, table *sqlbase.TableDescriptor,
) *parser.DInt {
	h.writeTypeTag(tableTypeTag)
	h.writeDB(db)
	h.writeTable(table)
	return h.getOid()
}

func (h oidHasher) IndexOid(
	db *sqlbase.DatabaseDescriptor, table *sqlbase.TableDescriptor, index *sqlbase.IndexDescriptor,
) *parser.DInt {
	h.writeTypeTag(indexTypeTag)
	h.writeDB(db)
	h.writeTable(table)
	h.writeIndex(index)
	return h.getOid()
}

func (h oidHasher) ColumnOid(
	db *sqlbase.DatabaseDescriptor, table *sqlbase.TableDescriptor, column *sqlbase.ColumnDescriptor,
) *parser.DInt {
	h.writeTypeTag(columnTypeTag)
	h.writeDB(db)
	h.writeTable(table)
	h.writeColumn(column)
	return h.getOid()
}

func (h oidHasher) CheckConstraintOid(
	db *sqlbase.DatabaseDescriptor,
	table *sqlbase.TableDescriptor,
	check *sqlbase.TableDescriptor_CheckConstraint,
) *parser.DInt {
	h.writeTypeTag(checkConstraintTypeTag)
	h.writeDB(db)
	h.writeTable(table)
	h.writeCheckConstraint(check)
	return h.getOid()
}

func (h oidHasher) PrimaryKeyConstraintOid(
	db *sqlbase.DatabaseDescriptor, table *sqlbase.TableDescriptor, pkey *sqlbase.IndexDescriptor,
) *parser.DInt {
	h.writeTypeTag(pKeyConstraintTypeTag)
	h.writeDB(db)
	h.writeTable(table)
	h.writeIndex(pkey)
	return h.getOid()
}

func (h oidHasher) ForeignKeyConstraintOid(
	db *sqlbase.DatabaseDescriptor, table *sqlbase.TableDescriptor, fk *sqlbase.ForeignKeyReference,
) *parser.DInt {
	h.writeTypeTag(fkConstraintTypeTag)
	h.writeDB(db)
	h.writeTable(table)
	h.writeForeignKeyReference(fk)
	return h.getOid()
}

func (h oidHasher) UniqueConstraintOid(
	db *sqlbase.DatabaseDescriptor, table *sqlbase.TableDescriptor, index *sqlbase.IndexDescriptor,
) *parser.DInt {
	h.writeTypeTag(uniqueConstraintTypeTag)
	h.writeDB(db)
	h.writeTable(table)
	h.writeIndex(index)
	return h.getOid()
}

func (h oidHasher) BuiltinOid(name string, builtin *parser.Builtin) *parser.DInt {
	h.writeTypeTag(functionTypeTag)
	h.writeStr(name)
	h.writeStr(builtin.Types.String())
	return h.getOid()
}

func (h oidHasher) UserOid(username string) *parser.DInt {
	h.writeTypeTag(userTypeTag)
	h.writeStr(username)
	return h.getOid()
}