.. _ward:
.. seealso::
:ref:`Unit Systems and Conventions <conventions>`
.. autofunction:: pandapower.create.create_ward
net.ward
.. tabularcolumns:: |p{0.10\linewidth}|p{0.10\linewidth}|p{0.15\linewidth}|p{0.40\linewidth}|
*necessary for executing a power flow calculation.
The ward equivalent is a combination of a constant apparent power consumption and a constant impedance load. The constant apparent power is given by:
\begin{align*}
P_{const} &= ps\_mw\\
Q_{const} &= qs\_mvar\\
\end{align*}
The shunt admittance part of the ward equivalent is calculated as described :ref:`here<shunt>`:
\begin{align*}
\underline{y}_{shunt} &= \frac{pz\_mw + j \cdot qz\_mvar}{S_{N}}
\end{align*}
net.res_ward
.. tabularcolumns:: |p{0.10\linewidth}|p{0.10\linewidth}|p{0.50\linewidth}|
\begin{align*}
vm\_pu &= v_{bus} \\
p\_mw &= P_{const} + Re(\frac{\underline{V}_{bus}^2}{\underline{Y}_{shunt}}) \\
q\_mvar &= Q_{const} + Im(\frac{\underline{V}_{bus}^2}{\underline{Y}_{shunt}})
\end{align*}