Use ruff for linting and error checking

[WhyNotHugo]

Ruff integrating flake8, many of its plugins and isort all into a single program. It's substantially faster, can auto-fix some types of errors, and allows enabling additional checks in future.

Needs: #48

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Merging #50 (a00f1f7) into main (0421d7e) will not change coverage.
Report is 11 commits behind head on main.
The diff coverage is n/a.

@@            Coverage Diff            @@
##              main       #50   +/-   ##
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  Coverage   100.00%   100.00%           
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  Files           10        10           
  Lines          328       328           
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  Hits           328       328           

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[timobrembeck]

Thanks a lot! 👍
In the long term, I guess we can also enable more of these checks, but it is a good place to start!