Rewrite from_list

[cigrainger]

The idea here is to minimise our (de)serialisation overhead. We are traversing a list multiple times right now to go from an Elixir list to a Polars series.

This PR aims to:

• Remove the list traversal on the Elixir side entirely
• Minimise traversals on the Rust side

The latter requires a little explanation: we currently traverse the list when decoding, then again when we call from_vec. This moves it into a single traversal over Terms, and accumulates a Series directly from the iterator over the Term, decoding as we go. This allows us to pass an {:error, reason} tuple from the from_list function if there is an invalid type in the list, which gives us the nice error message we want and for which we're currently making a pass in Elixir.

Left to do:

• Finish implementing this pattern for all from_list functions in series.rs
• Implement a generic from_list with type inference in series.rs
• Remove the type checking Elixir-side

Blockers:

• This might have to wait on Bump Polars 0.37 #861 as Polars 0.36.2 can't build a string series from Option<&str> or Option<String>. We can also just leave strings as inefficient and come back and fix that after. Polars 0.37 can't either. I've raised this PR fix: Implement FromIterator for Series for more types pola-rs/polars#14625.

[josevalim]

Closing this because #928 tackles most of it. We tried skipping vectors and building Series directly, but we didn't measure a meaningful gain for now.