Add support for V2 of the waveshare 5.83in e-paper display.

[cooki35]

What does this implement/fix?

Add code to support the WaveShare 5.83in black & white displays with "V2" stickers on them.
The resolution of the V2 version changed (from 600x448) to 648x480.
The init and display code differ from the original 5.83in version.

Types of changes

• Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
• Other

Related issue or feature (if applicable): fixes esphome/issues#2121

Pull request in esphome-docs with documentation (if applicable): esphome/esphome-docs#2200

Test Environment

• ESP32
• ESP32 IDF
• ESP8266

The display was connected with the WaveShare e-Paper Driver HAT Rev2.2 and via SPI to an ESP32 (esp32doit-devkit-v1).
The switches of the driver HAT were set to:

• Display Config: B (0.47R)
• Interface Config 0 (4-line SPI)

Example entry for config.yaml:

# Example config.yaml
spi:
  clk_pin: GPIO18
  mosi_pin: GPIO23
  id: spi001

display:
  - platform: waveshare_epaper_test
    spi_id: spi001
    cs_pin: GPIO5
    dc_pin: GPIO19
    busy_pin: GPIO16
    reset_pin: GPIO17
    model: 5.83inv2
    update_interval: 30s
    reset_duration: 2ms
    id: eink
    lambda: |-
      it.line(10, 10, 630, 10, COLOR_ON);

Checklist:

• The code change is tested and works locally.
• Tests have been added to verify that the new code works (under tests/ folder).

If user exposed functionality or configuration variables are added/changed:

• Documentation added/updated in esphome-docs.

[github-actions]

There hasn't been any activity on this pull request recently. This pull request has been automatically marked as stale because of that and will be closed if no further activity occurs within 7 days. Thank you for your contributions.

[ssieb]

Why is this commented out? If it's not needed, then just remove it.

[TheStork239]

Is work still being done on this? It would be great to get it over the line, so that the newer 5.83in displays would be usable.
@cooki35 is the change that @ssieb requested doable?

[TheStork239]

This looks like it would be ready to go, apart from the one change requested by the review.
@cooki35, are you planning on making that edit to move this PR forward? It would be great to have the 5.83 v2 supported.

[izacq]

Just tested it, works great, thanks @cooki35

[cooki35]

The changes sound reasonable, I forgot to delete the comments. I removed them. Thanks @ssieb !