Add support for BP1658CJ LED driver

[Cossid]

What does this implement/fix?

This PR adds support for BP1658CJ LED driver as found in the Orein OS0100411267 RGBCT Bulb, LightingInside E12 base candleabra bulb.

Types of changes

• Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
• Other

Pull request in esphome-docs with documentation (if applicable): esphome/esphome-docs#2432

Test Environment

• ESP32
• ESP32 IDF
• ESP8266
• RP2040

Example entry for config.yaml:

    # Example configuration entry
    bp1658cj:
      data_pin: GPIO6
      clock_pin: GPIO7
      max_power_color_channels: 4 # Valid values 0-15
      max_power_white_channels: 6 # Valid values 0-15

    # Individual outputs
    output:
    - platform: bp1658cj
        id: output_red
        channel: 1
    - platform: bp1658cj
        id: output_green
        channel: 2
    - platform: bp1658cj
        id: output_blue
        channel: 0
    - platform: bp1658cj
        id: output_coldwhite
        channel: 3
    - platform: bp1658cj
        id: output_warmwhite
        channel: 4

Checklist:

• The code change is tested and works locally.
• Tests have been added to verify that the new code works (under tests/ folder).

If user exposed functionality or configuration variables are added/changed:

• Documentation added/updated in esphome-docs.

[probot-esphome]

Hey there @Cossid,
Thanks for submitting this pull request! Can you add yourself as a codeowner for this integration? This way we can notify you if a bug report for this integration is reported.
In __init__.py of the integration, please add:

CODEOWNERS = ["@Cossid"]

And run script/build_codeowners.py

_{^{(message by NeedsCodeownersLabel)}}