Add TT21100 touchscreen component

[kroimon]

What does this implement/fix?

Implements a component to interface with the TT21100 touchscreen.

Besides others, this chips is used on the Espressif ESP32-S3-BOX and ESP32-S3-Korvo-2-LCD. Other development efforts regarding this hardware is being coordinated here.

Types of changes

• Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
• Other

Pull request in esphome-docs with documentation (if applicable): esphome/esphome-docs#2916

Test Environment

• ESP32
• ESP32 IDF
• ESP8266
• RP2040

Example entry for config.yaml:

i2c:
  scl: GPIO18
  sda: GPIO8

touchscreen:
  - platform: tt21100
    interrupt_pin: GPIO3
    reset_pin: GPIO48

binary_sensor:
  - platform: tt21100
    name: "Home"
    index: 0

Checklist:

• The code change is tested and works locally.
• Tests have been added to verify that the new code works (under tests/ folder).

If user exposed functionality or configuration variables are added/changed:

• Documentation added/updated in esphome-docs.

[probot-esphome]

Hey there @kroimon,
Thanks for submitting this pull request! Can you add yourself as a codeowner for this integration? This way we can notify you if a bug report for this integration is reported.
In __init__.py of the integration, please add:

CODEOWNERS = ["@kroimon"]

And run script/build_codeowners.py

_{^{(message by NeedsCodeownersLabel)}}

[kroimon]

For anyone wanting to test this PR on an ESP32-S3-BOX, here is the configuration YAML I used.
Buttons, Display and Touchscreen are working.

[kroimon]

I have separated the buttons out into their own component as suggested by @ssieb and added documentation in esphome/esphome-docs#2916.

This is now ready for review.

[gsgxnet]

I tried the PR with a config as stated here:

https://gist.github.com/kroimon/f6692879f9c00702990801ae9dfa433b?permalink_comment_id=4607767#gistcomment-4607767

All okay

[rpatel3001]

Could you have the states of the buttons reported at poweron? Red/green/blue stay as unknown until the screen is touched (even not in a button zone). And for some reason "home" doesn't update until it's specifically touched.

[rpatel3001]

added initial state in kroimon#88

[probot-esphome]

Hey there @jesserockz, mind taking a look at this pull request as it has been labeled with an integration (touchscreen) you are listed as a code owner for? Thanks!
_{^{(message by CodeOwnersMention)}}