Add xor automation condition

[kahrendt]

What does this implement/fix?

This PR adds a xor condition for automations. I have added test cases for all 4 basic logic conditions to test1.yaml. If there is a better location to add tests for these base automations, please let me know!

Types of changes

• Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
• Other

Related issue or feature (if applicable): closes esphome/feature-requests#2390

Pull request in esphome-docs with documentation (if applicable): esphome/esphome-docs#3222

Test Environment

• ESP32
• ESP32 IDF
• ESP8266
• RP2040

Example entry for config.yaml:

# Example config.yaml
      on_*:
        then:
          - if:
              condition:
                xor:
                  - binary_sensor.is_on: binary_sensor_1
                  - binary_sensor.is_on: binary_sensor_2
              then:
                logger.log: "binary_sensor_1 or binary_sensor_2 is exclusively on"

Checklist:

• The code change is tested and works locally.
• Tests have been added to verify that the new code works (under tests/ folder).

If user exposed functionality or configuration variables are added/changed:

• Documentation added/updated in esphome-docs.

[jesserockz]

lgtm