Add NFC binary sensor platform

[kbx81]

What does this implement/fix?

This implements an nfc binary_sensor platform for use with the PN71x0 components.
In the future, other NFC components (such as the PN532 or RC522) could be adapted to use it, as well.

Types of changes

• Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
• Other

Related issue or feature (if applicable): fixes

Pull request in esphome-docs with documentation (if applicable): esphome/esphome-docs#3526

Test Environment

• ESP32
• ESP32 IDF
• ESP8266
• RP2040
• BK72xx
• RTL87xx

Example entry for config.yaml:

# Example config.yaml
binary_sensor:
  - platform: nfc
    # ndef_contains: pulse
    tag_id: pulse
    # uid: 59-FC-AB-15
    name: MFC Tag

Checklist:

• The code change is tested and works locally.
• Tests have been added to verify that the new code works (under tests/ folder).

If user exposed functionality or configuration variables are added/changed:

• Documentation added/updated in esphome-docs.

[probot-esphome]

Hey there @jesserockz, mind taking a look at this pull request as it has been labeled with an integration (nfc) you are listed as a code owner for? Thanks!
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[probot-esphome]

Hey there @jesserockz, mind taking a look at this pull request as it has been labeled with an integration (pn7150) you are listed as a code owner for? Thanks!
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[probot-esphome]

Hey there @jesserockz, mind taking a look at this pull request as it has been labeled with an integration (pn7160) you are listed as a code owner for? Thanks!
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[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Comparison is base (8e83c7d) 53.60% compared to head (0f39f8f) 53.60%.

Additional details and impacted files

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  Files          50       50           
  Lines        9374     9374           
  Branches     1650     1650           
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  Hits         5025     5025           
  Misses       4050     4050           
  Partials      299      299           

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