Add IRK support to ble_rssi

[chbmuc]

What does this implement/fix?

Most modern smartphones use use a privacy feature called Resolvable Private Addresses to avoid BLE tracking. However if you know the devices "Identity Resolving Key" (IRK), you can check if the generated private MAC address belongs to the device with the IRK.

This PR adds an option to the ble_rssi sensor to configure the IRK.

There is no support to obtain the key. You will have to use one of the options described here: https://espresense.com/beacons

Once you have the IRK, configuration is similar to the other methods for the ble_rssi binary sensor.

Implementation is almost the same as in ble_presence (#6335).

Types of changes

• Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
• Other

Related issue or feature (if applicable): feature (as requested in esphome/feature-requests#2285)

Pull request in esphome-docs with documentation: esphome/esphome-docs#3707

Test Environment

• ESP32
• ESP32 IDF
• ESP8266
• RP2040
• BK72xx
• RTL87xx

Example entry for config.yaml:

# Example configuration entry
esp32_ble_tracker:

sensor:
  # RSSI based on IRK
  - platform: ble_rssi
    irk: 1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef
    name: "BLE Tracker with Identity Resolving Key"

Checklist:

• The code change is tested and works locally.
• Tests have been added to verify that the new code works (under tests/ folder).

If user exposed functionality or configuration variables are added/changed:

• Documentation added/updated in esphome-docs.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 54.18%. Comparing base (4d8b5ed) to head (8c46e93).
Report is 542 commits behind head on dev.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##              dev    #6422      +/-   ##
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+ Coverage   53.70%   54.18%   +0.47%     
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  Files          50       50              
  Lines        9408     9579     +171     
  Branches     1654     1687      +33     
==========================================
+ Hits         5053     5190     +137     
- Misses       4056     4065       +9     
- Partials      299      324      +25     

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