Add temperature for QMC5883L

[tronikos]

What does this implement/fix?

Add temperature for QMC5883L
Special thanks to @elmoret

Types of changes

• Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
• Other

Related issue or feature (if applicable): fixes

Pull request in esphome-docs with documentation (if applicable): esphome/esphome-docs#3730

Test Environment

• ESP32
• ESP32 IDF
• ESP8266
• RP2040
• BK72xx
• RTL87xx

Example entry for config.yaml:

# Example config.yaml

Checklist:

• The code change is tested and works locally.
• Tests have been added to verify that the new code works (under tests/ folder).

If user exposed functionality or configuration variables are added/changed:

• Documentation added/updated in esphome-docs.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 53.43%. Comparing base (4d8b5ed) to head (8d21605).
Report is 277 commits behind head on dev.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##              dev    #6456      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   53.70%   53.43%   -0.28%     
==========================================
  Files          50       50              
  Lines        9408     9529     +121     
  Branches     1654     1684      +30     
==========================================
+ Hits         5053     5092      +39     
- Misses       4056     4128      +72     
- Partials      299      309      +10     

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[jesserockz]

Changes look good, please add the new sensor entry to the tests in tests/components/qmc5883l/*.yaml

[esphome]

Please take a look at the requested changes, and use the Ready for review button when you are done, thanks 👍

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