fix streaming logs from MQTT for ESP32 devices using TLS

[ccutrer]

What does this implement/fix?

esphome logs --device MQTT (and via the ESPHome web dashboard) would just continuously output INFO Successfully reconnected to the MQTT server over and over again for ESP32 devices using TLS to connect to MQTT, without actually connecting or streaming logs from the device.

Types of changes

• Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
• Other

Test Environment

• ESP32
• ESP32 IDF
• ESP8266
• RP2040
• BK72xx
• RTL87xx

Example entry for config.yaml:

esphome:
  name: my_device
  friendly_name: "My Device"

esp32:
  board: esp32dev
  framework:
    type: esp-idf

logger:
  level: INFO

mqtt:
  broker: !secret mqtt_broker
  port: 8883
  username: esphome
  password: !secret mqtt_password
  discovery_unique_id_generator: mac
  topic_prefix: esphome/$name
  certificate_authority: !secret mqtt_ca_cert

Checklist:

• The code change is tested and works locally.
• Tests have been added to verify that the new code works (under tests/ folder).

If user exposed functionality or configuration variables are added/changed:

• Documentation added/updated in esphome-docs.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 0% with 1 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 53.43%. Comparing base (4d8b5ed) to head (93fb3f7).
Report is 425 commits behind head on dev.

Files	Patch %	Lines
esphome/mqtt.py	0.00%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##              dev    #6605      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   53.70%   53.43%   -0.28%     
==========================================
  Files          50       50              
  Lines        9408     9537     +129     
  Branches     1654     1685      +31     
==========================================
+ Hits         5053     5096      +43     
- Misses       4056     4132      +76     
- Partials      299      309      +10     

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