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Supported Targets ESP32 ESP32-C2 ESP32-C3 ESP32-C6 ESP32-H2 ESP32-P4 ESP32-S2 ESP32-S3

Ethernet Examples

See the README.md file in the upper level examples directory for more information about examples.

Common Pin Assignments

Using ESP32 internal MAC

  • RMII PHY wiring is fixed and can not be changed through either IOMUX or GPIO Matrix. By default, they're connected as follows:
GPIO RMII Signal Notes
GPIO21 TX_EN EMAC_TX_EN
GPIO19 TX0 EMAC_TXD0
GPIO22 TX1 EMAC_TXD1
GPIO25 RX0 EMAC_RXD0
GPIO26 RX1 EMAC_RXD1
GPIO27 CRS_DV EMAC_RX_DRV
  • One of the following GPIO pins can be used as RMII REF_CLK input/output:
GPIO Function Notes
GPIO0 EMAC_TX_CLK/CLK_OUT1 input/output
GPIO16 EMAC_CLK_OUT output
GPIO17 EMAC_CLK_180 output
  • SMI (Serial Management Interface) wiring is not fixed. You may need to changed it according to your board schematic. By default they're connected as follows:
GPIO SMI Signal Notes
GPIO23 MDC Output to PHY
GPIO18 MDIO Bidirectional
  • PHY chip has a reset pin, if want to do a hardware reset during initialization, then you have to connect it with one GPIO on ESP32. See more information from here. The default GPIO used for resetting PHY chip is GPIO5.

Using SPI ethernet modules

  • SPI Ethernet modules (DM9051, W5500, ...) typically consume one SPI interface plus an interrupt and reset GPIO. They can be connected as follows for ESP32 as an example. However, they can be remapped to any pin using the GPIO Matrix.
GPIO DM9051
GPIO14 SPI_CLK
GPIO13 SPI_MOSI
GPIO12 SPI_MISO
GPIO15 SPI_CS
GPIO4 Interrupt
NC Reset

Warning: Please consult Espressif Technical reference manual along with datasheet for specific ESP Module you use when assigning any other pins, especially when choosing from system configuration menu for the ethernet examples, some pins cannot be used (they may already be utilized for different purpose like SPI Flash/RAM, some pins might be inputs only, etc.).

Common Configurations

  1. In the Example Ethernet Configuration menu:

    • Choose the kind of Ethernet.
    • If Internal EMAC is selected:
      • Choose PHY device under Ethernet PHY Device, by default, the ESP32-Ethernet-Kit has an IP101 on board.
      • Set GPIO number used by SMI signal under SMI MDC GPIO number and SMI MDIO GPIO number respectively.
    • If SPI Ethernet is selected:
      • Set SPI specific configuration, including SPI host number, GPIO numbers and clock rate.
      • Multiple Ethernet SPI modules of the same type can be connected to single SPI interface at a time. The modules then share data and CLK signals. The CS, interrupt and reset pins need to be specifically configured for each module separately.
    • Set GPIO number used by PHY chip reset under PHY Reset GPIO number, you may have to change the default value according to your board schematic. PHY hardware reset can be disabled by set this value to -1.
    • Set PHY address under PHY Address, you may have to change the default value according to your board schematic.

  2. In the Component config > Ethernet menu:

    • Under Support ESP32 internal EMAC controller sub-menu:
      • In the PHY interface, select Reduced Media Independent Interface (RMII), ESP-IDF currently only support RMII mode.
      • In the RMII clock mode, select one of the source that RMII clock (50MHz) comes from: Input RMII clock from external or Output RMII clock from internal.
      • If Output RMII clock from internal is enabled, you also have to set the GPIO number that used to output the RMII clock, under RMII clock GPIO number. In this case, you can set the GPIO number to 16 or 17.
      • If Output RMII clock from GPIO0 (Experimental!) is also enabled, then you have no choice but GPIO0 to output the RMII clock.
      • In Amount of Ethernet DMA Rx buffers and Amount of Ethernet DMA Tx buffers, you can set the amount of DMA buffers used for Tx and Rx.
    • Under Support SPI to Ethernet Module sub-menu, select the SPI module that you used for this example. Currently ESP-IDF only supports DM9051, W5500 and KSZ8851SNL.

Common Troubleshooting

  • The data panel between ESP32's MAC and PHY needs a fixed 50MHz clock to do synchronization, which also called RMII clock. It can either be provided by an external oscillator or generated from internal APLL. The signal integrity of RMII clock is strict, so keep the trace as short as possible!
  • If the RMII clock is generated from internal APLL, then APLL can't be used for other purpose (e.g. I2S).
  • If you observe undefined behavior (e.g. LCD glitches) of any SPI device which works normally when Ethernet is not connected over internal EMAC, you need to adjust EMAC DMA burst length (the DMA is shared resource between EMAC and the SPI). The same applies when you observe Ethernet frames corruption at the output of SPI Ethernet module and you use combination of internal EMAC and SPI Ethernet module as network interfaces. To configure the EMAC DMA burst length, modify internal Ethernet initialization as follows:
esp32_emac_config.dma_burst_len = ETH_DMA_BURST_LEN_4; // or other appropriate value