lints part 3, line length & docstring

casper/block.py

@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ def __hash__(self):
             return hash(str(self.sequence_number) + str(self.estimate.hash) + str(10000*self.sender))
 
     def is_in_blockchain(self, block):
+        """Returns True if self is in block."""
         assert isinstance(block, Block), "...expected a block"
 
         if self == block:

casper/forkchoice.py

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 
 def get_max_weight_indexes(scores):
+    """Returns the max weight estimates."""
 
     max_score = max(scores.values())
 
@@ -14,6 +15,7 @@ def get_max_weight_indexes(scores):
 
 
 def get_fork_choice(last_finalized_block, children, latest_messages):
+    """Returns the best block."""
 
     scores = dict()
 

casper/network.py

@@ -7,18 +7,21 @@
 
 
 class Network:
+    """Simulates a network."""
     def __init__(self):
         self.validators = dict()
         for v in s.VALIDATOR_NAMES:
             self.validators[v] = Validator(v)
         self.global_view = View()
 
     def propagate_message_to_validator(self, message, validator_name):
-        assert message in self.global_view.messages, "...expected only to propagate messages from the global view"
+        """Propogate a message to a validator."""
+        assert message in self.global_view.messages, "expected only to propagate messages from the global view"
         self.validators[validator_name].receive_messages(set([message]))
 
     def get_message_from_validator(self, validator_name):
-        assert validator_name in s.VALIDATOR_NAMES, "...expected a known validator"
+        """Get a message from a validator."""
+        assert validator_name in s.VALIDATOR_NAMES, "expected a known validator"
 
         new_message = self.validators[validator_name].make_new_message()
         return new_message
@@ -40,4 +43,5 @@ def random_initialization(self):
             self.global_view.add_messages(set([new_bet]))
 
     def report(self, colored_messages=set(), color_mag=dict(), edges=[]):
-        plot_tool.plot_view(self.global_view, coloured_bets=colored_messages, colour_mag=color_mag, edges=edges)
+        plot_tool.plot_view(self.global_view, coloured_bets=colored_messages,
+                            colour_mag=color_mag, edges=edges)

casper/plot_tool.py

@@ -68,11 +68,13 @@ def plot_view(view, coloured_bets=[], colour_mag=dict(), edges=[]):
         node_sizes.append(350*pow(s.WEIGHTS[b.sender]/pi, 0.5))
         labels[b] = b.sequence_number
 
-    nx.draw_networkx_nodes(G, positions, alpha=0.1, node_color=color_values, nodelist=nodes, node_size=node_sizes, edge_color='black')
+    nx.draw_networkx_nodes(G, positions, alpha=0.1, node_color=color_values, nodelist=nodes,
+                           node_size=node_sizes, edge_color='black')
 
     for e in edges:
         if isinstance(e, dict):
-            nx.draw_networkx_edges(G, positions, edgelist=(e['edges']), width=e['width'], edge_color=e['edge_color'], style=e['style'], alpha=0.5)
+            nx.draw_networkx_edges(G, positions, edgelist=(e['edges']), width=e['width'],
+                                   edge_color=e['edge_color'], style=e['style'], alpha=0.5)
         else:
             assert False, e
     nx.draw_networkx_labels(G, positions, labels=labels)
@@ -100,7 +102,7 @@ def make_thumbnails(frame_count_limit=IMAGE_LIMIT, xsize=1000, ysize=1000):
         if len(images) == frame_count_limit:
             break
 
-    size = (1000, 1000)
+    size = (xsize, ysize)
     iterator = 0
     for im in images:
         im.thumbnail(size, Image.ANTIALIAS)

casper/presets.py

@@ -10,13 +10,17 @@ def message_maker(mode):
     if mode == "rand":
         pairs = list(itertools.permutations(range(s.NUM_VALIDATORS), 2))
         def random():
+            """Each round, some randomly selected validators propagate their most recent
+            message to other randomly selected validators, who then create new messages."""
             return r.sample(pairs, s.NUM_MESSAGES_PER_ROUND)
 
         return random
 
     if mode == "rrob":
         msg = [0, 1]
         def round_robin():
+            """Each round, the creator of the last round's block sends it to the next
+            receiver, who then creates a block."""
             to_return = [[msg[0], msg[1]]]
             msg[0] = (msg[0] + 1) % s.NUM_VALIDATORS
             msg[1] = (msg[1] + 1) % s.NUM_VALIDATORS
@@ -27,14 +31,18 @@ def round_robin():
     if mode == "full":
         pairs = list(itertools.permutations(range(s.NUM_VALIDATORS), 2))
         def full_propagation():
+            """Each round, all validators receive all other validators previous
+            messages, and then all create messages."""
             return pairs
 
         return full_propagation
 
     if mode == "nofinal":
-        # Depending on val weights, this message prop order could never finalize a block.
         msg = [0, 1]
         def no_final():
+            """Each round, two simultaneous round-robin message propagations occur at the same
+            time. This results in validators never being able to finalize later blocks (they
+            may finalize initial blocks, depending on validator weight distribution)."""
             to_return = [[msg[0], msg[1]]]
             msg[0] = (msg[0] + 1) % s.NUM_VALIDATORS
             msg[1] = (msg[1] + 1) % s.NUM_VALIDATORS

casper/safety_oracles/adversary_models/adversary.py

@@ -6,16 +6,17 @@
 
 
 class Adversary:
+    """Simulates an adversary."""
 
     def __init__(self, victim_estimate, latest_bets, viewables):
 
-        # Estimate being attacked
+        # Estimate being attacked.
         self.victim_estimate = victim_estimate
 
-        # Estimate adversary is attack towards
+        # Estimate adversary is attack towards.
         self.target_estimate = 1 - victim_estimate
 
-        # The attacker adds the bets they created in the attack to this view...
+        # The attacker adds the bets they created in the attack to this view.
         self.attack_view = set()
 
         self.validator_models = dict()
@@ -28,7 +29,8 @@ def __init__(self, victim_estimate, latest_bets, viewables):
             success, new_bet = self.validator_models[v].make_new_latest_bet()
 
             if success:
-                assert new_bet.estimate == self.target_estimate # sanity check
+                # Sanity check!
+                assert new_bet.estimate == self.target_estimate
                 self.voting_with_attacker.add(v)
             else:
                 self.voting_against_attacker.add(v)
@@ -40,7 +42,7 @@ def __init__(self, victim_estimate, latest_bets, viewables):
         assert len(self.voting_with_attacker) + len(self.voting_against_attacker) == s.NUM_VALIDATORS
         assert round(self.weight_of_victim_estimate + self.weight_of_target_estimate, 2) == round(s.TOTAL_WEIGHT, 2)
 
-        # The attacker produces a log of the bets added during the attack...
+        # The attacker produces a log of the bets added during the attack.
         self.operations_log = []
 
     def is_attack_complete(self):
@@ -60,12 +62,12 @@ def ideal_network_attack(self):
         # all bets that are on the target_estimate
         for v in self.voting_with_attacker:
             on_target, bet = self.validator_models[v].make_new_latest_bet()
-            assert on_target and bet.estimate == self.target_estimate, '...in voting_with_attacker!'
+            assert on_target and bet.estimate == self.target_estimate, 'in voting_with_attacker!'
             for v2 in self.voting_against_attacker:
                 self.validator_models[v2].show(bet)
 
-        # We'll continue the attack until we no longer make progress
-        # Or until the attack is successful and the victim estimate dethroned
+        # We'll continue the attack until we no longer make progress,
+        # or until the attack is successful and the victim estimate dethroned.
         progress_made = True
         while progress_made:
             progress_made = False
@@ -105,6 +107,6 @@ def ideal_network_attack(self):
             self.voting_against_attacker.difference_update(to_remove)
 
             # Sanity check!
-            assert not self.is_attack_complete(), "...expected attack to be ongoing, at this point"
+            assert not self.is_attack_complete(), "expected attack to be ongoing, at this point"
 
         return False, self.operations_log, self.attack_view

casper/safety_oracles/adversary_models/model_validator.py

@@ -7,10 +7,11 @@
 
 
 class ModelValidator:
+    """Simulates a model validator."""
 
     def __init__(self, validator_name, my_latest_bet, latest_bets, target_estimate):
 
-        assert validator_name in s.VALIDATOR_NAMES, "... model dator should be a dator!"
+        assert validator_name in s.VALIDATOR_NAMES, "model dator should be a dator!"
 
         self.model_of = validator_name
 
@@ -26,8 +27,8 @@ def my_estimate(self):
     def show(self, bet):
         """This method makes a bet viewable to the model validator."""
 
-        assert isinstance(bet, ModelBet), "...expected a bet!"
-        assert bet.estimate == self.target_estimate, "...should only show bets on the target_estimate!"
+        assert isinstance(bet, ModelBet), "expected a bet!"
+        assert bet.estimate == self.target_estimate, "should only show bets on the target_estimate!"
 
         self.latest_observed_bets[bet.sender] = bet
 

casper/safety_oracles/adversary_oracle.py

@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 """The adversary oracle module ... """
 import casper.settings as s
-from casper.adversary_models.model_bet import ModelBet
-from casper.adversary_models.adversary import Adversary
+from casper.safety_oracles.adversary_models.model_bet import ModelBet
+from casper.safety_oracles.adversary_models.adversary import Adversary
 import capser.utils as utils
 
 
 class AdversaryOracle:
+    """Simulate an adversary oracle."""
+
     # We say candidate_estimate is 0, other is 1
     CAN_ESTIMATE = 0
     ADV_ESTIMATE = 1
@@ -47,8 +49,8 @@ def get_recent_messages_and_viewables(self):
                 # now construct the messages that they can see from other validators
                 for v2 in s.VALIDATOR_NAMES:
                     # if they have seen nothing from some validator, assume the worst
-                    # NOTE: This may not be necessary, might be possible to do a free block check here?
-                    # see issue #44
+                    # NOTE: This may not be necessary, might be possible to do a free
+                    # block check here? see issue #44
                     if v2 not in self.view.latest_messages[v].justification.latest_messages:
                         viewables[v][v2] = ModelBet(AdversaryOracle.ADV_ESTIMATE, v2)
                         continue
@@ -66,6 +68,7 @@ def get_recent_messages_and_viewables(self):
 
 
     def check_estimate_safety(self):
+        """Check the safety of the estimate."""
 
         recent_messages, viewables = self.get_recent_messages_and_viewables()
 

casper/safety_oracles/clique_oracle.py

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 
 
 class CliqueOracle:
-
+    """Simulates a clique oracle."""
     def __init__(self, candidate_estimate, view):
         if candidate_estimate is None:
             raise Exception("cannot decide if safe without an estimate")
@@ -23,19 +23,20 @@ def __init__(self, candidate_estimate, view):
     # NOTE: if biggest clique can easily be determined to be < 50% by weight, will
     #       return with empty set and 0 weight.
     def find_biggest_clique(self):
+        """Finds the biggest clique."""
 
-        # only consider validators whose messages are compatable w/ candidate_estimate
+        # Only consider validators whose messages are compatable w/ candidate_estimate.
         with_candidate = {v for v in s.VALIDATOR_NAMES if v in self.view.latest_messages and \
                                  not utils.are_conflicting_estimates(self.candidate_estimate, self.view.latest_messages[v])}
 
-        # do not have safety if less than half have candidate_estimate
+        # Do not have safety if less than half have candidate_estimate.
         if utils.get_weight(with_candidate) < s.TOTAL_WEIGHT / 2:
             return set(), 0
 
         edges = []
-        #for each pair of validators, v, w, add an edge if...
+        # For each pair of validators, v, w, add an edge if...
         for v, w in itertools.combinations(with_candidate, 2):
-            # the latest message v has seen from w is on the candidate estimate
+            # ... the latest message v has seen from w is on the candidate estimate ...
             v_msg = self.view.latest_messages[v]
             if w not in v_msg.justification.latest_messages:
                 continue
@@ -44,7 +45,7 @@ def find_biggest_clique(self):
             if utils.are_conflicting_estimates(self.candidate_estimate, w_msg_in_v_view):
                 continue
 
-            # the latest block w has seen from v is on the candidate estimate
+            # ... the latest block w has seen from v is on the candidate estimate ...
             w_msg = self.view.latest_messages[w]
             if v not in w_msg.justification.latest_messages:
                 continue
@@ -53,11 +54,11 @@ def find_biggest_clique(self):
             if utils.are_conflicting_estimates(self.candidate_estimate, v_msg_in_w_view):
                 continue
 
-            # there are no blocks from w, that v has not seen, that might change v's estimate
+            # ... there are no blocks from w, that v has not seen, that might change v's estimate ...
             if utils.exists_free_message(self.candidate_estimate, w, w_msg_in_v_view.sequence_number, self.view):
                 continue
 
-            # there are no blocks from v, that w has not seen, that might change w's estimate
+            # ... and if there are no blocks from v, that w has not seen, that might change w's estimate.
             if utils.exists_free_message(self.candidate_estimate, v, v_msg_in_w_view.sequence_number, self.view):
                 continue
 
@@ -84,18 +85,21 @@ def check_estimate_safety(self):
 
         biggest_clique, clique_weight = self.find_biggest_clique()
 
-        # minumum amount of weight that has to equivocate
+        # Minumum amount of weight that has to equivocate.
         fault_tolerance = 2 * clique_weight - s.TOTAL_WEIGHT
 
         if fault_tolerance > 0:
             clique_weights = {s.WEIGHTS[v] for v in biggest_clique}
 
-            # minimum number of validators that need to equivocate
+            # Minimum number of validators that need to equivocate.
             equivocating = set()
-            while round(sum(equivocating), 2) < round(fault_tolerance, 2): # round to stop issues w/ floating point rounding
+
+            # Round to stop issues w/ floating point rounding.
+            while round(sum(equivocating), 2) < round(fault_tolerance, 2): 
                 equivocating.add(max(clique_weights.difference(equivocating)))
 
-            # return the number of faults we can tolerate, which is one less than the number that need to equivocate.
+            # Return the number of faults we can tolerate, which is one less
+            # than the number that need to equivocate.
             return fault_tolerance, len(equivocating) - 1
         else:
             return 0, 0

casper/settings.py

@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 """The settings module ... """
-import random as r  # to ensure the tie-breaking property
+
+# Used to ensure the tie-breaking property.
+import random as r
 
 
 def init():
+    """Initialize all the default settings."""
     r.seed()
 
     # Declare our global variables.
@@ -32,7 +35,7 @@ def init():
     # It's a bit underwhelming, sure, but it's foundational.
     ESTIMATE_SPACE = set([0, 1])
 
-    # Here are the weights ...!
+    # Here are the weights!
     WEIGHTS = {i: max(20, r.gauss(mu=60, sigma=40)) + 1.0/(BIGINT + r.uniform(0, 1)) + r.random() for i in VALIDATOR_NAMES}
 
     TOTAL_WEIGHT = sum(WEIGHTS.values())
@@ -45,6 +48,7 @@ def init():
 
 
 def update(val_weights):
+    """Update the global settings given new validator weights."""
     global NUM_VALIDATORS
     global VALIDATOR_NAMES
     global WEIGHTS