[core] fix build.gradle backward compatibility for previous expo modules

[Kudo]

Why

fix backward compatibility for previous expo modules.

How

supposedly for #28083, previous expo modules are backward compatible and not necessary for any changes. but there is an error actually.

previous applyKotlinExpoModulesCorePlugin() is inside buildscript { and executed before any apply plugins: from build.gradle. the project.plugins.hasPlugin will always return false and will have error if apply plugin: 'kotlin-android' twice.

this pr uses try-catch to deal with the problem for that.

Test Plan

$ yarn create expo-module
$ cd my-module/example
$ yarn add expo@next
$ npx expo prebuild -p android --clean
$ cd android
$ ./gradlew :app:assembleDebug

Checklist

• Documentation is up to date to reflect these changes (eg: https://docs.expo.dev and README.md).
• Conforms with the Documentation Writing Style Guide
• This diff will work correctly for npx expo prebuild & EAS Build (eg: updated a module plugin).

[expo-bot]

The Pull Request introduced fingerprint changes against the base commit: 78c1de6

Fingerprint diff

[
  {
    "type": "dir",
    "filePath": "../../packages/expo-modules-core/android",
    "reasons": [
      "expoAutolinkingAndroid"
    ],
    "hash": "9bfaac5907b91af1da5716081219a61e90e31033"
  }
]

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