Generate safe email and domain_name by default (RFC 2606) (#2733)

* Generate safe `email` and `domain_name` by default (RFC 2606)

faker-ruby is transitioning to no longer generating potentially
real email and url addresses.

The migration plan is:
First step:
- change `email` and `domain_name` to be RFC 2606 compliant.
 Both now generate safe values by default using the Reserved Top Level
 DNS Names: `example` and `test`.
  To maintain backwards compatibility and give users the option to
  use non-safe domains at their own risk, custom domains are allowed.
  Documentation and tests have been updated.
- add deprecation message for `free_email` and `safe_email` to use
`email` instead.

Second step:
- remove deprecated generators and locales.

Co-authored-by: Thiago Araujo <thd.araujo@gmail.com>

* Disable Rubocop Style/IfUnlessModifier globally

---------

Co-authored-by: Thiago Araujo <thd.araujo@gmail.com>

.rubocop.yml

@@ -109,3 +109,7 @@ Security/Eval:
   Description: The use of eval represents a serious security risk.
   Exclude:
     - 'lib/faker/default/json.rb'
+
+Style/IfUnlessModifier:
+  Description: Checks for `if` and `unless` statements that would fit on one line if written as modifier `if`/`unless`. The cop also checks for modifier `if`/`unless` lines that exceed the maximum line length.
+  Enabled: false

doc/default/internet.md

@@ -1,15 +1,29 @@
 # Faker::Internet
 
+### About faker-ruby transition to be RFC 2606 compliant
+
+faker-ruby is transitioning to no longer generating real email and url addresses.
+
+The migration plan is:
+- First step:
+  - change `email` and `domain_name` to be RFC 2606 compliant. Both now generate safe values by default using the Reserved Top Level DNS Names: `example` and `test`. To maintain backwards compatibility and give users the option to use non-safe domains at their own risk, custom domains are allowed.
+  - add deprecation message for `free_email` and `safe_email` users to switch to `email` instead.
+- Second step (after October 2023):
+  - remove deprecated generators and locales.
+
+To give users time, once the first step is released, users will have until October 2023 to make the necessary changes.
+
 ```ruby
 # Keyword arguments: name, username, email, password, domain_name, user_agent, uuid etc...
-Faker::Internet.user #=> { username: 'alexie', email: 'alexie@example.net' }
-Faker::Internet.user('username', 'email', 'password') #=> { username: 'alexie', email: 'alexie@example.net', password: 'DtEf9P8wS31iMyC' }
+Faker::Internet.user #=> { username: 'alexie', email: 'trudie@grant.test' }
+Faker::Internet.user('username', 'email', 'password') #=> { username: 'alexie', email: 'gayle@kohler.test', password: 'DtEf9P8wS31iMyC' }
 
-# Keyword arguments: name, separators
-Faker::Internet.email #=> "eliza@mann.net"
-Faker::Internet.email(name: 'Nancy') #=> "nancy@terry.biz"
-Faker::Internet.email(name: 'Janelle Santiago', separators: '+') #=> "janelle+santiago@becker.com"
-Faker::Internet.email(domain: 'example') #=> "alice@example.name"
+# Keyword arguments: name, separators, domain
+Faker::Internet.email #=> "eliza@mann.test"
+Faker::Internet.email(name: 'Nancy') #=> "nancy@terry.test"
+Faker::Internet.email(name: 'Janelle Santiago', separators: ['+']) #=> "janelle+santiago@becker.example"
+Faker::Internet.email(domain: 'gmail.com')  #=> "foo@gmail.com"
+Faker::Internet.email(name: 'sam smith', separators: ['-'], domain: 'test') #=> "sam-smith@test.test"
 
 # Keyword arguments: name
 Faker::Internet.free_email #=> "freddy@gmail.com"
@@ -44,13 +58,18 @@ Faker::Internet.password(min_length: 10, max_length: 20, mix_case: true) #=> "3k
 Faker::Internet.password(min_length: 10, max_length: 20, mix_case: true, special_characters: true) #=> "*%NkOnJsH4"
 
 # Keyword arguments: subdomain, domain
-Faker::Internet.domain_name #=> "effertz.info"
-Faker::Internet.domain_name(domain: "example") #=> "example.net"
-Faker::Internet.domain_name(subdomain: true, domain: "example") #=> "horse.example.org"
+Faker::Internet.domain_name #=> "herzog.example"
+Faker::Internet.domain_name(subdomain: true) #=> "tillman.kohler.test"
+Faker::Internet.domain_name(subdomain: true, domain: 'faker') #=> "ebert.faker.example"
+Faker::Internet.domain_name(domain: 'faker-ruby.org')  #=> "faker-ruby.org"
+Faker::Internet.domain_name(subdomain: true, domain: 'faker-ruby.org') #=> "foo.faker-ruby.org"
+Faker::Internet.domain_name(subdomain: true, domain: 'faker.faker-ruby.org')  #=> "faker.faker-ruby.org"
 
 Faker::Internet.domain_word #=> "haleyziemann"
 
+# Keyword arguments: safe ('example' and 'test' suffixes)
 Faker::Internet.domain_suffix #=> "info"
+Faker::Internet.domain_suffix(safe: true) #=> "example"
 
 Faker::Internet.ip_v4_address #=> "24.29.18.175"
 
@@ -71,7 +90,9 @@ Faker::Internet.mac_address #=> "e6:0d:00:11:ed:4f"
 Faker::Internet.mac_address(prefix: '55:44:33') #=> "55:44:33:02:1d:9b"
 
 # Keyword arguments: host, path, scheme
-Faker::Internet.url #=> "http://thiel.com/chauncey_simonis"
+Faker::Internet.url #=> "http://treutel.test/demarcus"
+Faker::Internet.url #=> "http://ullrich.example/fritz_braun"
+Faker::Internet.url(host: 'faker') #=> "http://faker/nakita"
 Faker::Internet.url(host: 'example.com') #=> "http://example.com/clotilde.swift"
 Faker::Internet.url(host: 'example.com', path: '/foobar.html') #=> "http://example.com/foobar.html"
 

doc/default/stripe.md

@@ -31,5 +31,5 @@ Use some of the other handy Faker classes for Stripe charge amounts and email.
 # Keyword arguments: from, to
 Faker::Number.between(from: 3, to: 10) #=> 100
 
-Faker::Internet.free_email #=> "freddy@gmail.com"
+Faker::Internet.email #=> "niesha@swaniawski-lynch.test"
 ```

lib/faker/default/internet.rb

@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@ class Internet < Base
     ].each(&:freeze).freeze
 
     class << self
+      extend Gem::Deprecate
+
       ##
       # Returns the email address
       #
@@ -25,10 +27,11 @@ class << self
       # @param domain [String]
       #
       # @example
-      #   Faker::Internet.email                                                           #=> "samsmith@faker.com"
-      #   Faker::Internet.email(name: 'smith')                                            #=> "smith@faker.com"
-      #   Faker::Internet.email(name: 'sam smith', separators: ['-'])                     #=> "sam-smith@faker.com"
-      #   Faker::Internet.email(name: 'sam smith', separators: ['-'], domain: 'gmail')    #=> "sam-smith@gmail.com"
+      #   Faker::Internet.email                                                           #=> "renee@zieme.test"
+      #   Faker::Internet.email(name: 'smith')                                            #=> "smith@bergnaum.test"
+      #   Faker::Internet.email(name: 'sam smith', separators: ['-'])                     #=> "smith-sam@tromp.example"
+      #   Faker::Internet.email(name: 'sam smith', separators: ['-'], domain: 'test')     #=> "sam-smith@test.example"
+      #   Faker::Internet.email(domain: 'gmail.com')                                      #=> "foo@gmail.com"
       def email(name: nil, separators: nil, domain: nil)
         local_part = if separators
                        username(specifier: name, separators: separators)
@@ -37,7 +40,14 @@ def email(name: nil, separators: nil, domain: nil)
                      end
 
         sanitized_local_part = sanitize_email_local_part(local_part)
-        construct_email(sanitized_local_part, domain_name(domain: domain))
+
+        generate_domain = if domain.nil?
+                            domain_name
+                          else
+                            domain_name(domain: domain)
+                          end
+
+        construct_email(sanitized_local_part, generate_domain)
       end
 
       ##
@@ -56,6 +66,7 @@ def free_email(name: nil)
           fetch('internet.free_email')
         )
       end
+      deprecate :free_email, :email, 2023, 10
 
       ##
       # Returns the email address with fixed domain name as 'example'
@@ -73,6 +84,7 @@ def safe_email(name: nil)
           "example.#{sample(%w[org com net])}"
         )
       end
+      deprecate :safe_email, :email, 2023, 10
 
       ##
       # Returns the username
@@ -204,23 +216,31 @@ def password(min_length: 8, max_length: 16, mix_case: true, special_characters:
       # @param domain [String]
       #
       # @example
-      #   Faker::Internet.domain_name                                       #=> "test.net"
-      #   Faker::Internet.domain_name(subdomain: true)                      #=> "test.faker.io"
-      #   Faker::Internet.domain_name(subdomain: true, domain: 'example')   #=> "faker.example.com"
-      #   Faker::Internet.domain_name(domain: 'faker')                      #=> "faker.org"
+      #   Faker::Internet.domain_name                                                   #=> "altenwerth-gerhold.example"
+      #   Faker::Internet.domain_name(subdomain: true)                                  #=> "metz.mclaughlin-brekke.test"
+      #   Faker::Internet.domain_name(subdomain: true, domain: 'faker')                 #=> "foo.faker.test"
+      #   Faker::Internet.domain_name(domain: 'faker-ruby.org')                         #=> "faker-ruby.org"
+      #   Faker::Internet.domain_name(subdomain: true, domain: 'faker-ruby.org')        #=> "foo.faker-ruby.org"
+      #   Faker::Internet.domain_name(subdomain: true, domain: 'faker.faker-ruby.org')  #=> "faker.faker-ruby.org"
       def domain_name(subdomain: false, domain: nil)
         with_locale(:en) do
           if domain
             domain
               .split('.')
               .map { |domain_part| Char.prepare(domain_part) }
               .tap do |domain_elements|
-                domain_elements << domain_suffix if domain_elements.length < 2
-                domain_elements.unshift(Char.prepare(domain_word)) if subdomain && domain_elements.length < 3
+                if domain_elements.length < 2
+                  domain_elements << domain_suffix(safe: true)
+                end
+                if subdomain && domain_elements.length < 3
+                  domain_elements.unshift(Char.prepare(domain_word))
+                end
               end.join('.')
           else
-            [domain_word, domain_suffix].tap do |domain_elements|
-              domain_elements.unshift(Char.prepare(domain_word)) if subdomain
+            [domain_word, domain_suffix(safe: true)].tap do |domain_elements|
+              if subdomain
+                domain_elements.unshift(Char.prepare(domain_word))
+              end
             end.join('.')
           end
         end
@@ -257,10 +277,16 @@ def domain_word
       # @return [String]
       #
       # @example
-      #   Faker::Internet.domain_suffix   #=> "com"
-      #   Faker::Internet.domain_suffix   #=> "biz"
-      def domain_suffix
-        fetch('internet.domain_suffix')
+      #   Faker::Internet.domain_suffix              #=> "com"
+      #   Faker::Internet.domain_suffix              #=> "biz"
+      #   Faker::Internet.domain_suffix(safe: true)  #=> "example"
+      #   Faker::Internet.domain_suffix(safe: true)  #=> "test"
+      def domain_suffix(safe: nil)
+        if safe
+          fetch('internet.safe_domain_suffix')
+        else
+          fetch('internet.domain_suffix')
+        end
       end
 
       ##
@@ -425,10 +451,10 @@ def ip_v6_cidr
       # @param scheme [String]
       #
       # @example
-      #   Faker::Internet.url                                                           #=> "http://sipes-okon.com/hung.macejkovic"
+      #   Faker::Internet.url                                                           #=> "http://treutel.test/demarcus"
       #   Faker::Internet.url(host: 'faker')                                            #=> "http://faker/shad"
-      #   Faker::Internet.url(host: 'faker', path: '/fake_test_path')                   #=> "http://faker/fake_test_path"
-      #   Faker::Internet.url(host: 'faker', path: '/fake_test_path', scheme: 'https')  #=> "https://faker/fake_test_path"
+      #   Faker::Internet.url(host: 'faker', path: '/docs')                             #=> "http://faker/docs"
+      #   Faker::Internet.url(host: 'faker', path: '/docs', scheme: 'https')            #=> "https://faker/docs"
       def url(host: domain_name, path: "/#{username}", scheme: 'http')
         "#{scheme}://#{host}#{path}"
       end
@@ -546,10 +572,10 @@ def base64(length: 16, padding: false, urlsafe: true)
       ##
       # Produces a randomized hash of internet user details
       # @example
-      #   Faker::Internet.user #=> { username: 'alexie', email: 'alexie@example.net' }
+      #   Faker::Internet.user #=> { username: 'alexie', email: 'trudie@grant.test' }
       #
       # @example
-      #   Faker::Internet.user('username', 'email', 'password') #=> { username: 'alexie', email: 'alexie@example.net', password: 'DtEf9P8wS31iMyC' }
+      #   Faker::Internet.user('username', 'email', 'password') #=> { username: 'alexie', email: 'gayle@kohler.test', password: 'DtEf9P8wS31iMyC' }
       #
       # @return [hash]
       #

lib/faker/default/omniauth.rb

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ def initialize(name: nil, email: nil)
       super()
 
       @name = name || "#{Name.first_name} #{Name.last_name}"
-      @email = email || Internet.safe_email(name: self.name)
+      @email = email || Internet.email(name: self.name)
       @first_name, @last_name = self.name.split
     end
 

lib/faker/default/twitter.rb

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ def user(include_status: true, include_email: false)
           verified: Faker::Boolean.boolean(true_ratio: 0.1)
         }
         user[:status] = Faker::Twitter.status(include_user: false) if include_status
-        user[:email] = Faker::Internet.safe_email if include_email
+        user[:email] = Faker::Internet.email if include_email
         user
       end
 

lib/locales/en/internet.yml

@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@ en:
         - org
         - io
         - co
+      safe_domain_suffix:
+        - example
+        - test
       free_email:
         - gmail.com
         - yahoo.com