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<h1><strong>Programmation Web 3D</strong></h1>
<p>Fivos DOGANIS</p>
</section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section class="invert" style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="2" data-class="lead" data-footer="image de couverture: https://versum.xyz/token/versum/4130" data-theme="gaia" class="lead" style="--class:lead;--footer:image de couverture: https://versum.xyz/token/versum/4130;--theme:gaia;">
<h1>whoami</h1>
<p><img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="💼" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/1f4bc.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> <a href="http://linkedin.com/in/fivosdoganis">linkedin.com/in/fivosdoganis</a><br />
<img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="📧" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/1f4e7.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> <a href="mailto:fivos.doganis@gmail.com">fivos.doganis@gmail.com</a><br />
<img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🐦" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/1f426.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> <a href="twitter.com/fdoganis">@fdoganis</a></p>
<footer>image de couverture: <a href="https://versum.xyz/token/versum/4130">https://versum.xyz/token/versum/4130</a></footer>
</section>
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<h1><img src="https://www.gdr-isis.fr/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/isep.png" alt="" style="height:110px;" /></h1>
<h1><img src="https://www.hull.ac.uk/site-elements/img/layout/header/logo/UoH-logo-white.svg" alt="" style="height:120px;" /></h1>
<p><a href="https://www.hull.ac.uk/">University of Hull</a></p>
<ul>
<li>Master of Science by Research (2001)<br />
<em>Augemented Reality in Archaeology: Registration Issues</em></li>
</ul>
</section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section class="invert" style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-pagination="3" data-marpit-pagination-total="95"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="4" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;--marpit-advanced-background-split:50%;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background" data-marpit-advanced-background-split="right"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url("https://i2.wp.com/www.augmented-reality.fr/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/ICAR-r%C3%A9alit%C3%A9-augment%C3%A9e.jpg");"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="50%" height="720"><section id="4" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="4" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;--marpit-advanced-background-split:50%;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content" data-marpit-advanced-background-split="right">
<h1><img src="https://journals.sagepub.com/pb-assets/societylogos/SRI_society1_logo.gif" alt="" style="height:110px;" /></h1>
<p><a href="http://www.ircad.fr/research/computer">IRCAD</a> (2002 - 2003)</p>
<ul>
<li>Institut de Recherche contre les Cancers de l'Appareil Digestif</li>
<li>Startup
<ul>
<li>équipe Virtual-Surg</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Ingénieur Réalité Augmentée</li>
</ul>
</section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-pagination="4" data-marpit-pagination-total="95"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="5" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;--marpit-advanced-background-split:50%;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background" data-marpit-advanced-background-split="right"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url("https://blogs.3ds.com/perspectives/wp-content/uploads/sites/22/image_o2.jpg");"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="50%" height="720"><section id="5" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="5" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;--marpit-advanced-background-split:50%;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content" data-marpit-advanced-background-split="right">
<h2><img src="https://www.3ds.com/statics/menu/2/assets/img/logo/3ds-dark.svg" alt="" style="height:80px;" /></h2>
<p><a href="http://www.3ds.com">Dassault Systèmes</a> (2003+)</p>
<ul>
<li>Ingénieur Visualisation 3D
<ul>
<li>Scenegraph</li>
<li>Matériaux</li>
<li>Géometrie, Maillage</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Ingénieur Réalité Virtuelle et Réalité Augmentée</li>
<li>Ingénieur de Recherche</li>
</ul>
</section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-pagination="5" data-marpit-pagination-total="95"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-theme="gaia" style="--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url("https://mir-s3-cdn-cf.behance.net/project_modules/disp/fe992223150669.5631e0be40f6a.jpg");"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="6" data-theme="gaia" style="--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content"></section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-theme="gaia" style="--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url("https://avion2017.files.wordpress.com/2016/11/file6qr0kfd3emgg25p8o1h.jpg");"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="7" data-theme="gaia" style="--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content"></section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-theme="gaia" style="--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url("https://inhabitat.com/wp-content/blogs.dir/1/files/2014/06/Frank-Gehry-Louis-Vuitton2.jpg");background-size:100%;"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="8" data-theme="gaia" style="--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content"></section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="9" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url("https://geospatialmedia.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Singapore1-640x360.png");"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="9" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="9" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content"></section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-pagination="9" data-marpit-pagination-total="95"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-background-color="white" data-theme="gaia" style="--background-color:white;--theme:gaia;background-color:white;background-image:none;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url("https://mms.businesswire.com/media/20140521006320/fr/417031/4/Dassault_Systemes_pharm.jpg");background-size:contain;"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="10" data-background-color="white" data-theme="gaia" style="--background-color:white;--theme:gaia;background-color:white;background-image:none;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content"></section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-theme="gaia" style="--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url("https://3dexperiencelab.3ds.com/sites/default/files/livingheart-keyvisual.jpg");background-size:contain;"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="11" data-theme="gaia" style="--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content"></section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="12" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="12" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;">
<h1>Objectifs du cours</h1>
<ul>
<li>Démo
<ul>
<li>Exemples d'applications</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Théorie
<ul>
<li>Histoire de la 3D sur le Web</li>
<li>Concepts: Architecture, Pipeline, API</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Pratique
<ul>
<li>Programmation Web 3D
<ul>
<li>WebGL, THREE.js</li>
<li>Autres APIs</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="13" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="13" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;">
<h1>Planning <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="📅" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/1f4c5.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></h1>
<ul>
<li>
<p><strong>Jour 1</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Théorie</strong> <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="📖" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/1f4d6.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></li>
<li><strong>Exercices</strong> pratiques <strong>WebGL</strong> <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="💻" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/1f4bb.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></li>
<li>Déjeuner <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🍱" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/1f371.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></li>
<li><strong>Théorie</strong> + <strong>exercice</strong> complet <strong>THREE.js</strong> <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🎮" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/1f3ae.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></li>
<li>Exploration des exemples + choix du <strong>projet</strong> personnel <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="⚗️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/2697.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>Jour 2</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Evaluation: <strong>Quizz</strong> ~20 min <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🖊️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/1f58a.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></li>
<li><strong>Projet</strong> personnel <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="➡️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/27a1.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> points bonus! <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="⭐" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/2b50.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="14" data-class="lead invert" data-theme="gaia" class="lead invert" style="--class:lead invert;--theme:gaia;">
<h1>Applications Web 3D</h1>
<ul>
<li>Jeux</li>
<li>e-Commerce</li>
<li>Création de modèles 3D</li>
<li>Exploration de données 3D</li>
<li>Art interactif</li>
</ul>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="15" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url("https://www.pixelsprite.fr/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Classic.png");"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="15" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="15" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content">
<p><a href="https://classic.minecraft.net/"><strong>Minecraft Classic</strong></a></p>
</section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-pagination="15" data-marpit-pagination-total="95"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="16" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url("https://freefrontend.com/assets/img/three-js-games/The-Aviator-Three-JS-Game.png");"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="16" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="16" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content">
<p><a href="https://tympanus.net/Tutorials/TheAviator/">Aviator</a></p>
</section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-pagination="16" data-marpit-pagination-total="95"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="17" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url("http://designinteractif.gobelins.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/02.png");"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="17" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="17" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content">
<p><a href="http://designinteractif.gobelins.fr/2018/07/05/heraclos/">Heraclos, (Gobelins)</a></p>
</section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-pagination="17" data-marpit-pagination-total="95"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="18" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url("https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/p23feUh1kc0fPF1lGWx8KHCjll1Zagy-CGZvGTH0gR8jdz4sCrubieqPiO0jI4oERSE=s1200");"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="18" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="18" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content">
<p><a href="https://artsandculture.google.com/experiment/blob-opera/AAHWrq360NcGbw">Blob Opera (Google)</a></p>
</section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-pagination="18" data-marpit-pagination-total="95"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="19" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url("https://photos5.appleinsider.com/gallery/38681-73745-iphone-12-studio-example-xl.jpg");"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="19" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="19" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content">
<p><a href="https://experience.apple/iphone">Apple iPhone Studio</a></p>
</section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-pagination="19" data-marpit-pagination-total="95"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="20" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url("https://thefwa.com/dyn/resources/Case_Model_Case/slide1/4/134/1457953861/1364_span9/BMW_Gallery_900-C1LN.jpg");"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="20" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="20" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content">
<p><a href="https://playcanv.as/p/RqJJ9oU9/">BMW</a></p>
</section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-pagination="20" data-marpit-pagination-total="95"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="21" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url("https://henryegloff.com/media/ouigo-webgl-game-example-1536x1056.jpg");"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="21" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="21" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content">
<p><a href="http://letsplay.ouigo.com/">OUIGO</a></p>
</section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-pagination="21" data-marpit-pagination-total="95"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="22" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url("http://shawntoneil.com/3d_printing_notes/sculptgl.jpg");"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="22" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="22" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content">
<p><a href="https://stephaneginier.com/sculptgl/">SculptGL</a></p>
</section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-pagination="22" data-marpit-pagination-total="95"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="23" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url("https://www.solidworks.com/sites/default/files/2019-12/Subdivison%20Modeling.jpg");background-size:contain;"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="23" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="23" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content">
<p><a href="https://www.solidworks.com/fr/product/3d-sculptor">3D Sculptor (Dassault Systèmes)</a></p>
</section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-pagination="23" data-marpit-pagination-total="95"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="24" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url("https://develop3d.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Standard_Content.jpg");"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="24" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="24" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content">
<p><a href="https://www.onshape.com/en/">OnShape (PTC)</a></p>
</section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-pagination="24" data-marpit-pagination-total="95"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="25" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url("https://images.adsttc.com/media/images/575e/f093/e58e/cedb/9a00/0046/newsletter/Screen_Shot_2016-06-13_at_12.45.19_PM.jpg");background-size:contain;"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="25" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="25" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content">
<p><a href="https://sketchfab.com/">SketchFab (Epic)</a></p>
</section>
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<p><a href="https://www.zygotebody.com/">Zygote Body</a></p>
</section>
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<p><a href="https://ares.jsc.nasa.gov/astromaterials3d/">NASA</a></p>
</section>
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<p><a href="http://www.itowns-project.org/">iTowns (IGN)</a></p>
</section>
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<h1>Histoire</h1>
<p>Origines et avenir de la 3D sur le Web</p>
</section>
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<h2><em>"Dis Papy, c'était comment la 3D avant?"</em></h2>
</section>
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<h1><a href="https://www.slideshare.net/Mark_Kilgard/sigraph-asia-2008-modern-opengl-presentation/13-13OpenGLs_PrehistoryIRIS_GL_1Window_system">Préhistoire</a> (1983 - 1993)</h1>
<ul>
<li>uniquement sur machines Silicon Graphics (SGI)
<ul>
<li>IRIX OS</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>IRIS GL (1983)
<ul>
<li>API <strong>proche du hardware</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>IRIS Inventor (1988)</li>
<li><strong>OpenGL 1.0</strong> (1993)
<ul>
<li>API ouverte, Multi-OS</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
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<h1><a href="https://stanford.edu/class/ee267/lectures/lecture2.pdf">Fixed Pipeline</a> (1993 - 2004)</h1>
<ul>
<li>3dfx Glide API (1996)
<ul>
<li>Voodoo: "Carte d'"accéleration 3D" grand public</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Microsoft Direct X API (1997)
<ul>
<li>Windows-only <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="☹️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/2639.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>OpenGL ES</strong> (2004)
<ul>
<li><strong>Subset</strong> pour "Embedded Systems" <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="📱" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/1f4f1.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🎮" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/1f3ae.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></li>
<li><a href="https://www.khronos.org/assets/uploads/developers/library/2015-siggraph/3D-BOF-SIGGRAPH_Aug15.pdf"><em>"most widely deployed 3D graphics API"</em></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>OpenGL 2.0</strong> (2004)
<ul>
<li><strong><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenGL_Shading_Language">GLSL</a></strong> Shaders <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🎉" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/1f389.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
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<ul>
<li>
<p>Création de nVIDIA (1993)<br />
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>NV1 dans la <strong>SEGA Saturn</strong> (1994)<br />
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>GeForce 256 (1999)</p>
<ul>
<li>popularisation du terme <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_processing_unit"><strong>GPU</strong></a>: <strong>G</strong>raphics <strong>P</strong>rocessing <strong>U</strong>nit, Transform & Ligthing</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>GeForce 3 (2001): NV2A dans la <strong>Xbox</strong> de Microsoft, <strong>programmable shading</strong><br />
</p>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
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<h1>Autres acteurs</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>SGI</strong> + <strong>Nintendo</strong>: Project Reality / <strong>N64</strong> (1996)
<ul>
<li>SGI disparait en 2006 <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="💀" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/1f480.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h2></h2>
<ul>
<li>
<p><strong>Imagination Technologies</strong> (<strong>PowerVR</strong> GPU) + <strong>Sega</strong>: <strong>Dreamcast</strong> (1998)<br />
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Intel_graphics_processing_units#Second_generation">Intel i740</a> (1998) : OS en 3D</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>ATI (AMD)</strong> + <strong>Nintendo</strong>: <strong>Gamecube</strong> (2001)<br />
</p>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
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<h1><a href="https://slideplayer.com/slide/16710114/">Shaders, Mobile, Web</a> (2004+)</h1>
<ul>
<li>OpenGL ES 2.0 (2007)
<ul>
<li>Subset <strong>mobile avec shaders</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Canvas 3D (2007), ancêtre de <strong>WebGL</strong>
<ul>
<li>créé par <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Vuki%C4%87evi%C4%87"><strong>Vladimir Vukićević</strong></a> chez Mozilla</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>WebGL 1.0</strong> (<strong>2011</strong>) <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="⭐" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/2b50.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🎉" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/1f389.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/>
<ul>
<li>fonctionnalités de OpenGL ES 2.0</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>OpenGL ES 3.0 (2012), <strong>3.1</strong> (2014): <strong>sans Apple</strong> <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="😢" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/1f622.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></li>
<li><strong>WebGL 2.0</strong> (2017)
<ul>
<li>fonctionnalités de OpenGL ES 3.0</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
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<blockquote>
<p><strong>Before WebGL</strong>, you couldn’t really do 3D on the web at all.<br />
There was <strong>powerful 3D hardware</strong> everywhere on both desktops and mobile phones, but <strong>the web couldn’t tap into any of it.</strong><br />
There were some <strong>plugins</strong>, but users had to do an extra <strong>installation step</strong> that was a huge obstacle to adoption.<br />
All the browser vendors knew that this was a <strong>challenge</strong> that needed to be resolved, which is why we came together as a <strong>Khronos</strong> Working Group.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><a href="https://architosh.com/2019/02/webgl-2-0-why-its-the-path-to-stable-open-standards-based-3d-web-graphics/2/">Vladimir Vukićević</a> (WebGL creator, WebVR guru)</p>
</section>
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<h1>WebGL architecture: software stack</h1>
<ul>
<li>Code: HTML + CSS + JS
<ul>
<li>code JS de la page web appelle API WebGL</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Browser:
<ul>
<li>navigateur interprète le JS (moteur JS)</li>
<li>convertit calls WebGL en calls OpenGL (binding)</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>OS + Driver: les calls OpenGL sont convertis
<ul>
<li>en calls DirectX sous Windows, Metal chez Apple (via <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANGLE_(software)">ANGLE</a>)</li>
<li>en calls OpenGL ou OpenGL ES sur les autres OS</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>CPU + GPU: exécutent le code!</li>
</ul>
</section>
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<h1>Conséquences sur les performances</h1>
<ul>
<li>Code JS interprété en moyenne 10x plus lent que le code natif
<ul>
<li>sauf astuces comme <a href="https://webassembly.org/">WebAssembly</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Code natif mobile environ 10x plus lent que code natif sur desktop</li>
<li>Recommandations
<ul>
<li>minimiser les appels depuis le JS, favoriser les shaders</li>
<li>une fois que les shaders sont compilés et les données sont sur le GPU, le code est presque aussi rapide en JS qu'en natif!</li>
<li>attention à la mémoire: utiliser compression de modèles <a href="https://google.github.io/draco/">Draco</a> et de texture <a href="https://www.khronos.org/blog/google-and-binomial-contribute-basis-universal-texture-format-to-khronos-gltf-3d-transmission-open-standard">Basis</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
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<h2>Evolution</h2>
</section>
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<h1>La fin d'une API?</h1>
</section>
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<h1>Problèmes d'évolution</h1>
<ul>
<li>Le matériel et les besoins ont changé depuis 1993
<ul>
<li><strong>mobiles</strong>, wearables <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="📱" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/1f4f1.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="⌚" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/231a.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🕶️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/1f576.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></li>
<li><strong>systèmes embarqués</strong>, AI, Vision <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🚗" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/1f697.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🚀" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/1f680.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>API de plus en plus <strong>complexe</strong>
<ul>
<li><strong>drivers</strong> compliqués à coder sans erreur et à optimiser</li>
<li><strong>extensions</strong> OpenGL non universelles</li>
<li><strong>subset</strong> et dépréciation des anciennes APIs moins efficaces</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Besoin d'une nouvelle API
<ul>
<li><strong>bas niveau, universelle, performante et abstraite</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
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<h1><a href="https://github.com/gpuweb/gpuweb/issues/2">Besoin</a> d'une nouvelle API?</h1>
<ul>
<li>Pas forcément: <strong>AZDO</strong>: Approaching Zero Driver Overhead (2016)
<ul>
<li>en utilisant "le bon" subset d'OpenGL et les bonnes extensions, on peut obtenir un rendu performant
<ul>
<li><a href="https://fr.slideshare.net/CassEveritt/approaching-zero-driver-overhead">https://fr.slideshare.net/CassEveritt/approaching-zero-driver-overhead</a></li>
<li><a href="https://fr.slideshare.net/tlorach/opengl-nvidia-commandlistapproaching-zerodriveroverhead">https://fr.slideshare.net/tlorach/opengl-nvidia-commandlistapproaching-zerodriveroverhead</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>idée principale
<ul>
<li>décharger le CPU <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="➡️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/27a1.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> moins de DrawCalls</li>
<li>éviter que le GPU se tourne les pouces <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="➡️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/27a1.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> plus de données</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
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</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-pagination="46" data-marpit-pagination-total="95"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="47" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url("https://image.slidesharecdn.com/approachingzerodriveroverhead-140320164055-phpapp01/95/approaching-zero-driver-overhead-122-638.jpg");background-size:contain;"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="47" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="47" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content"></section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-pagination="47" data-marpit-pagination-total="95"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="48" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="48" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;">
<h1>API Fragmentation <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="💥" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/1f4a5.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></h1>
<ul>
<li>Multiplication des APIs propriétaires <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="➡️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/27a1.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> non portables <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="😦" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/1f626.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/>
<ul>
<li>proches du GPU <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="➡️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/27a1.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> performantes</li>
<li>neuves <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="➡️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/27a1.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> "propres"</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Direct X 12</strong> (Microsoft) : Windows, Xbox</li>
<li><strong>Mantle</strong> (AMD) transférée à <strong>Khronos</strong> pour devenir <strong>Vulkan</strong>
<ul>
<li><strong>nouveau standard ouvert bas-niveau</strong> <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="⭐" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/2b50.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Metal</strong> (Apple)
<ul>
<li>ressemble à Vulkan, bien qu'antérieure</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
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</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-pagination="49" data-marpit-pagination-total="95"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="50" data-class="lead invert" data-theme="gaia" class="lead invert" style="--class:lead invert;--theme:gaia;">
<h1>Vers une réunification des APIs?</h1>
<p>Quel nouveau subset commun?</p>
</section>
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</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-pagination="51" data-marpit-pagination-total="95"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="52" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="52" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;">
<h1>WebGL Next == "WebGPU" ?</h1>
<ul>
<li>Apple "WebMetal", API calquée sur Metal</li>
<li>Proposition partiellement reprise et renommée "WebGPU"
<ul>
<li>nom provisoire, <a href="https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=20954874">API en cours de définition</a></li>
<li>à la fois <strong>bas niveau</strong> et <strong>orientée objet</strong></li>
<li>rendu <strong>performant</strong></li>
<li>subset <strong>web ET natif</strong>, malgré le nom
<ul>
<li>un peu comme "Vulkan ES" / "Metal ES"</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Remplacerait WebCL, abandonné (Compute Shaders) <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="😢" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/1f622.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></li>
<li>Compatible <a href="http://maierfelix.github.io">WebAssembly</a></li>
</ul>
</section>
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</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-pagination="53" data-marpit-pagination-total="95"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="54" data-class="lead invert" data-theme="gaia" class="lead invert" style="--class:lead invert;--theme:gaia;">
<h1>C'est bien sympa tout ça mais j'utilise quoi comme API finalement <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="⁉️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/2049.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></h1>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="55" data-paginate="true" data-class="lead invert" data-footer="https://www.khronos.org/blog/webgl-happenings" data-theme="gaia" class="lead invert" data-marpit-pagination="55" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--class:lead invert;--footer:https://www.khronos.org/blog/webgl-happenings;--theme:gaia;">
<blockquote>
<p>We hope for <strong>universal availability of WebGL 2.0 soon</strong>. If you need to ship your product <strong>today, WebGL 2.0 is the way to go</strong>. WebGL will be <strong>supported indefinitely</strong>. You do not need to worry about it going away.</p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p><strong>WebGPU</strong>'s timeline is discussed in the answer to the previous question. WebXR and WebAR are already working on WebGPU integration.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><a href="https://www.khronos.org/assets/uploads/developers/library/2020-virtual-webgl-meetup/01%20WebGL%20WG%20Updates.pdf">Khronos WebGL meetup</a>, November 18, 2020</p>
<footer><a href="https://www.khronos.org/blog/webgl-happenings">https://www.khronos.org/blog/webgl-happenings</a></footer>
</section>
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<blockquote>
<p><strong>WebGL 2.0</strong> can now be considered <strong>universally available</strong> across browsers, operating systems and devices.<br />
As an application author, you can <strong>target WebGL 2.0 with confidence.</strong><br />
We encourage you to <strong>migrate to WebGL 2.0</strong><br />
It's no longer necessary to maintain a WebGL 1.0 fallback path unless you need to reach absolutely every device.<br />
In particular, <strong>older Windows machines and Android devices.</strong></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p><strong>WebGPU</strong> standardization continues; conformance testing in high gear<br />
Aiming to reach 1.0 in 2022 Q2 (spec and conformance tests).</p>
</blockquote>
<p><a href="https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1r9ZSEbfCfaTDE0-xT0-BMHjcYW1X-SUnUB-NO1TxDI0/preview?slide=id.gf7dc91f55f_0_14">Khronos WebGL + WebGPU meetup</a>, January 25, 2022</p>
<footer><a href="https://www.khronos.org/events/webgl-webgpu-meetup-january-2022">https://www.khronos.org/events/webgl-webgpu-meetup-january-2022</a></footer>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-paginate="true" data-header="https://caniuse.com/webgl" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="57" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--header:https://caniuse.com/webgl;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url("https://www.scichart.com/documentation/js/current/images/can-i-use-webgl1.png");background-size:contain;"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="57" data-paginate="true" data-header="https://caniuse.com/webgl" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="57" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--header:https://caniuse.com/webgl;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content">
<header><a href="https://caniuse.com/webgl">https://caniuse.com/webgl</a></header>
</section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-pagination="57" data-marpit-pagination-total="95"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="58" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="58" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;">
<h1>WebGL 1.0 <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="✅" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/2705.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></h1>
<ul>
<li>disponible pour <strong>97,5%</strong> des utilisateurs!
<ul>
<li>données janvier 2021
<ul>
<li>cf <a href="https://caniuse.com/webgl">https://caniuse.com/webgl</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>y compris navigateurs <strong>mobiles</strong>
<ul>
<li>Chrome for Android</li>
<li>iOS Safari</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="➡️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/27a1.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> <strong>disponible partout!</strong> <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🎉" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/1f389.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-paginate="true" data-header="https://caniuse.com/webgl2 [janvier 2021]" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="59" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--header:https://caniuse.com/webgl2 [janvier 2021];--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url("https://applech2.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Can-I-Use-WebGL2.jpg");background-size:120%;"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="59" data-paginate="true" data-header="https://caniuse.com/webgl2 [janvier 2021]" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="59" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--header:https://caniuse.com/webgl2 [janvier 2021];--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content">
<header><a href="https://caniuse.com/webgl2">https://caniuse.com/webgl2</a> [janvier 2021]</header>
</section>
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<h1><a href="https://www.khronos.org/registry/webgl/specs/latest/2.0/">WebGL 2.0</a> <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="⚠️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/26a0.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></h1>
<ul>
<li>disponible pour <strong>84,76%</strong> des utilisateurs
<ul>
<li>données <strong>janvier 2022</strong>
<ul>
<li>cf <a href="https://caniuse.com/webgl2">https://caniuse.com/webgl2</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Standard chez Apple depuis iOS 15! (septembre 2021) <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🎉" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/1f389.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></li>
</ul>
<p><img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="➡️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/27a1.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> <strong>officiel, <a href="https://webgl2fundamentals.org/webgl/lessons/webgl1-to-webgl2.html">commencer à coder avec!</a></strong> (vérifier la disponibilité)</p>
<ul>
<li>"forward-compatible": code WebGL 1.0 fonctionne en WebGL 2.0</li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/visgl/luma.gl">polyfill</a> WebGL 1.0 vers subset WebGL 2.0, si possible (<img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="⚠️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/26a0.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> shaders)</li>
<li>mais il faut connaître WebGL 1.0 pour comprendre le code existant</li>
</ul>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="61" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;--marpit-advanced-background-split:40%;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background" data-marpit-advanced-background-split="right"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url("https://aws1.discourse-cdn.com/standard17/uploads/threejs/original/2X/8/88812eb62b224ebca03b9a9f8f985b1360426867.gif");background-size:contain;"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="60%" height="720"><section id="61" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="61" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;--marpit-advanced-background-split:40%;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content" data-marpit-advanced-background-split="right">
<h1>WebGL 2.0 sur iOS</h1>
<p>Réglages > Safari > Avancé > Experimental Features<br />
</p>
<p><img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="➡️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/27a1.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> Tester en allant sur:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://webglreport.com/?v=2">https://webglreport.com/?v=2</a></li>
<li><a href="https://get.webgl.org/webgl2/">https://get.webgl.org/webgl2/</a></li>
</ul>
</section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-pagination="61" data-marpit-pagination-total="95"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="62" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="62" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;">
<h1>WebGL 2.0 : <a href="https://webgl2fundamentals.org/webgl/lessons/webgl1-to-webgl2.html">extensions standardisées</a></h1>
<pre><code><svg data-marp-fitting="svg" data-marp-fitting-code><foreignObject><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content-wrap> Depth Textures (WEBGL_depth_texture)
Floating Point Textures (OES_texture_float/OES_texture_float_linear)
Half Floating Point Textures (OES_texture_half_float/OES_texture_half_float_linear)
Vertex Array Objects (OES_vertex_array_object)
Standard Derivatives (OES_standard_derivatives)
Instanced Drawing (ANGLE_instanced_arrays)
UNSIGNED_INT indices (OES_element_index_uint)
Setting gl_FragDepth (EXT_frag_depth)
Blend Equation MIN/MAX (EXT_blend_minmax)
Direct texture LOD access (EXT_shader_texture_lod)
Multiple Draw Buffers (WEBGL_draw_buffers)
Texture access in vertex shaders
</span></span></foreignObject></svg></code></pre>
<p><img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="➡️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/27a1.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> même si WebGL 2.0 n'est pas supporté, on peut s'en approcher en utilisant WebGL 1.0 + des <strong>extensions</strong>!</p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="63" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="63" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;">
<h1>WebGL 1.0.1 <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="✅" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/2705.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></h1>
<p><a href="https://github.com/jdashg/misc/blob/master/webgl/webgl-v1.1.js">WebGL 1.0.1</a> == WebL 1.0 + <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WebGL_API/WebGL_best_practices">extensions omniprésentes</a></p>
<pre><code class="language-javascript"><svg data-marp-fitting="svg" data-marp-fitting-code><foreignObject><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content-wrap>ANGLE_instanced_arrays
EXT_blend_minmax
OES_element_index_uint
OES_standard_derivatives
OES_vertex_array_object
WEBGL_debug_renderer_info
WEBGL_lose_context
</span></span></foreignObject></svg></code></pre>
<p><img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="➡️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/27a1.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> <strong>disponible partout!</strong></p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="64" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="64" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;">
<h1>WebGL 1.0.2 <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="✅" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/2705.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></h1>
<p>WebGL 1.0.2 == WebL 1.0.1 + <a href="https://jdashg.github.io/misc/webgl/webgl-feature-levels.html">extensions omniprésentes en 2021</a></p>
<pre><code class="language-javascript"><svg data-marp-fitting="svg" data-marp-fitting-code><foreignObject><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content-wrap>EXT_texture_filter_anisotropic
OES_texture_float
OES_texture_float_linear
OES_texture_half_float
OES_texture_half_float_linear
WEBGL_depth_texture
</span></span></foreignObject></svg></code></pre>
<p><img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="➡️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/27a1.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> <strong>disponible partout!</strong></p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="65" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="65" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;">
<h1>WebGL 1.0.3 <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="⚠️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/26a0.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></h1>
<p>WebGL 1.0.3 == WebL 1.0.2 + <a href="https://jdashg.github.io/misc/webgl/webgl-feature-levels.html">extensions omniprésentes en 2022</a>:</p>
<pre><code class="language-javascript"><svg data-marp-fitting="svg" data-marp-fitting-code><foreignObject><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content-wrap>EXT_shader_texture_lod
EXT_sRGB
EXT_frag_depth
</span></span></foreignObject></svg></code></pre>
<ul>
<li>et une non supportée sur Android Browser et Samsung Internet</li>
</ul>
<pre><code class="language-javascript"><svg data-marp-fitting="svg" data-marp-fitting-code><foreignObject><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content-wrap>WEBGL_draw_buffers
</span></span></foreignObject></svg></code></pre>
<p><img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="➡️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/27a1.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> <strong>vérifier la disponibilité avant usage</strong></p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="66" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="66" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;">
<h1>WebGL 2.0 extensions <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="⚠️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/26a0.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></h1>
<p>Extensions Web GL 2.0 <a href="https://jdashg.github.io/misc/webgl/webgl-feature-levels.html">omniprésentes en 2022</a>:</p>
<pre><code class="language-javascript"><svg data-marp-fitting="svg" data-marp-fitting-code><foreignObject><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content-wrap>EXT_texture_filter_anisotropic
OES_texture_float_linear
WEBGL_debug_renderer_info
WEBGL_lose_context
</span></span></foreignObject></svg></code></pre>
<ul>
<li>et une incompatible avec Safari macOS <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="❌" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/274c.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> : problème pour <strong>GPGPU</strong></li>
</ul>
<pre><code class="language-javascript"><svg data-marp-fitting="svg" data-marp-fitting-code><foreignObject><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content-wrap>EXT_color_buffer_float
</span></span></foreignObject></svg></code></pre>
<p><img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="➡️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/27a1.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> <strong>vérifier la disponibilité avant usage</strong></p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="67" data-paginate="true" data-class="lead invert" data-theme="gaia" class="lead invert" data-marpit-pagination="67" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--class:lead invert;--theme:gaia;">
<h1><img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="⚠️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/26a0.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> Disponible != sans bug</h1>
<blockquote>
<p><strong>#WebGL2</strong> is a rubbish job on <strong>#IOS14</strong>. On Ipad pro more than half of the conformance tests fail ( 153553 over 260803 - tested here: <a href="https://khronos.org/registry/webgl/sdk/tests/webgl-conformance-tests.html%E2%80%A6">https://khronos.org/registry/webgl/sdk/tests/webgl-conformance-tests.html…</a> ). For GPGPU I still use WebGL1 for IOS devices.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><a href="https://twitter.com/xavierbourry/status/1287842100160102402?s=20">@xavierbourry</a></p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="68" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="68" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;">
<h1><a href="https://webkit.org/blog/9528/webgpu-and-wsl-in-safari/">WebGPU</a> (rappels)</h1>
<ul>
<li>API bas-niveau prometteuse, performante, proposée par Apple</li>
<li>proche de <a href="https://developer.apple.com/metal/"><strong>Metal</strong></a>, Vulkan et DirectX 12
<ul>
<li>se <a href="https://developer.apple.com/videos/graphics-and-games/metal">documenter sur Metal</a> pour comprendre les concepts</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>nouveau langage de shaders: <a href="https://gpuweb.github.io/gpuweb/wgsl.html"><strong>WGSL</strong></a>
<ul>
<li>texte, se retrouve compilé en SPIR-V (Vulkan)</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="https://gpuweb.github.io/gpuweb/">en cours de définition</a> par Apple et le W3C</li>
<li><a href="https://webkit.org/demos/webgpu/">demos</a> et <a href="https://alain.xyz/blog/raw-webgpu">code minimaliste</a></li>
</ul>
<p><img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="➡️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/27a1.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> sans doute l'avenir de la 3D sur le Web, <strong>à garder à l'œil!</strong></p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="69" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="69" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;">
<h1>Conclusion: quelle API utiliser?</h1>
<ul>
<li>Commencer par <strong>WebGL 1.0</strong>, nombreux exemples (API de 11 ans!)
<ul>
<li>pour comprendre les <strong><em>concepts</em></strong>
<ul>
<li>machine à états, pipeline, buffers, shaders</li>
<li>cf cours OpenGL!</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>et <strong>intégration</strong> avec une page web
<ul>
<li>cf cours HTML / JavaScript / CSS</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Aborder les nouveautés apportées par <strong>WebGL 2.0</strong></li>
<li>Utiliser des APIs haut niveau: <strong>THREE.js</strong>, Babylon, A-Frame etc.
<ul>
<li>pour une transition transparente vers WebGPU!</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="70" data-paginate="true" data-class="lead invert" data-theme="gaia" class="lead invert" data-marpit-pagination="70" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--class:lead invert;--theme:gaia;">
<h1>WebGL</h1>
<p>Concepts</p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="71" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="71" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;">
<h1>Concepts > Syntaxe</h1>
<ul>
<li>Les APIs évoluent</li>
<li>Le matériel aussi</li>
<li>mais il y a des <strong>bases communes</strong> à toutes les APIs, et à tous les GPUs</li>
<li>La syntaxe et l'API sont moins importantes que les <strong>concepts, communs, transposables</strong></li>
</ul>
<p><img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="➡️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/27a1.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> comprendre <strong>comment fonctionne un GPU</strong> pour l'exploiter au maximum de ses <strong>performances</strong><br />
<img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="➡️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/27a1.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> <strong>adaptation facilitée</strong> à d'autres APIs, OS ou architectures</p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="72" data-paginate="true" data-class="lead" data-theme="gaia" class="lead" data-marpit-pagination="72" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--class:lead;--theme:gaia;">
<h1>CPU vs <strong>GPU</strong></h1>
<p>Rappels</p>
<blockquote>
<p><em>There's a freaking supercomputer in your browser,<br />
and nobody seems to have noticed!</em></p>
</blockquote>
<p><a href="https://vimeo.com/97329154">Steve Sanderson</a></p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="73" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url("https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-hNBj-v6c5As/WR8UefJAFkI/AAAAAAAAAis/2KXxy8EgSSE6gsLoj6dbuQZaYnWdofrcACLcB/s1600/GPU_vs_CPU.png");background-size:contain;"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="73" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="73" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content"></section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-pagination="73" data-marpit-pagination-total="95"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-paginate="true" data-background-color="white" data-footer="www.thebookofshaders.com" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="74" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--background-color:white;--footer:www.thebookofshaders.com;--theme:gaia;background-color:white;background-image:none;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="vertical"><figure style="background-image:url("https://thebookofshaders.com/01/00.jpeg");background-size:contain;"></figure><figure style="background-image:url("https://thebookofshaders.com/01/03.jpeg");background-size:contain;"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="74" data-paginate="true" data-background-color="white" data-footer="www.thebookofshaders.com" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="74" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--background-color:white;--footer:www.thebookofshaders.com;--theme:gaia;background-color:white;background-image:none;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content">
<p>CPU<br />
</p>
<footer><a href="http://www.thebookofshaders.com">www.thebookofshaders.com</a></footer>
</section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-pagination="74" data-marpit-pagination-total="95"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-paginate="true" data-background-color="white" data-footer="www.thebookofshaders.com" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="75" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--background-color:white;--footer:www.thebookofshaders.com;--theme:gaia;background-color:white;background-image:none;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url("https://thebookofshaders.com/01/04.jpeg");background-size:contain;"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="75" data-paginate="true" data-background-color="white" data-footer="www.thebookofshaders.com" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="75" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--background-color:white;--footer:www.thebookofshaders.com;--theme:gaia;background-color:white;background-image:none;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content">
<p>GPU</p>
<footer><a href="http://www.thebookofshaders.com">www.thebookofshaders.com</a></footer>
</section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-pagination="75" data-marpit-pagination-total="95"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="76" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="76" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;">
<h1>But</h1>
<p>Envoyer <strong>le plus de données possible</strong> au GPU, et les traiter le plus <strong>rapidement</strong> possible</p>
<ul>
<li>"<strong>upload</strong>" (CPU <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="➡️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/27a1.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> GPU) <strong>lent</strong> <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🐢" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/1f422.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/>
<ul>
<li><strong>buffers</strong> pour <strong>grouper</strong> les données à transférer</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>traitement sur place très rapide
<ul>
<li>par les <strong>shaders</strong>
<ul>
<li>travaillent en <strong>parallèle</strong></li>
<li>instructions <strong>simples</strong></li>
<li><strong>compilés</strong> en langage machine pour GPU</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="77" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="77" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;">
<h1>Contraintes</h1>
<ul>
<li><strong>Buffers peu flexibles</strong> pour données <strong>dynamiques</strong></li>
<li>Conversion de <strong>tableaux</strong> en <strong>textures</strong> (pour calculs <strong>GPGPU</strong>)
<ul>
<li><strong>conversion</strong> coûteuse pour données dynamiques</li>
<li>perte de <strong>précision</strong> potentielle</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Shaders compliqués</strong> à coder
<ul>
<li>pixels <strong>isolés</strong>, traités indépendamment</li>
<li>instructions <strong>limitées</strong></li>
<li><strong>performances</strong> et <strong>debug</strong> pas évidents</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>affichage rapide mais "<strong>download</strong>" (CPU <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="⬅️" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/2b05.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> GPU) <strong><em>très</em> lent</strong> <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🐌" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/2/svg/1f40c.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></li>
</ul>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="78" data-paginate="true" data-class="lead" data-theme="gaia" class="lead" data-marpit-pagination="78" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--class:lead;--theme:gaia;">
<h1>OpenGL, est une <strong>machine à états</strong></h1>
<p>Rappels</p>
</section>
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<h1>WebGL est donc aussi une <a href="https://webglfundamentals.org/webgl/lessons/resources/webgl-state-diagram.html">machine à états</a></h1>
<ul>
<li>préparation des <strong>données</strong>
<ul>
<li>format, type...</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>préparation de l'<strong>état</strong>
<ul>
<li>position, couleur, blending...</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>rendu
<ul>
<li><strong>envoi au GPU</strong> pour traitements par <strong>shaders</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
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<h1>OpenGL <strong>Pipeline</strong></h1>
<p>Rappels</p>
</section>
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</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="83" data-class="lead" data-footer="https://webglfundamentals.org/webgl/lessons/resources/fragment-shader-anim.html" data-theme="gaia" class="lead" style="--class:lead;--footer:https://webglfundamentals.org/webgl/lessons/resources/fragment-shader-anim.html;--theme:gaia;">
<h1>Rasterization</h1>
<p><em>Illustration interactive</em></p>
<p><a href="https://webglfundamentals.org/webgl/lessons/webgl-how-it-works.html">WebGL Fundamentals</a></p>
<p>by<br />
<strong>Gregg Tavares</strong> (<a href="https://twitter.com/greggman">@greggman</a>)<br />
Chrome WebGL implementor</p>
<footer><a href="https://webglfundamentals.org/webgl/lessons/resources/fragment-shader-anim.html">https://webglfundamentals.org/webgl/lessons/resources/fragment-shader-anim.html</a></footer>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="84" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="84" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;">
<iframe style=
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left: 0;
right: 0;
width: 100%;
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</iframe>
</section>
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<h1>Importance des shaders</h1>
<p>Permettent d'exploiter au maximum le GPU</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>rapidité</strong> d'exécution
<ul>
<li>des <strong>milliers de cœurs</strong> dans le GPU!</li>
<li>une fois que les données sont sur le GPU, le code est aussi rapide quelle que soit l'API ou le langage</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>flexibilité</strong> du rendu
<ul>
<li>le pipeline était fixe, non programmable avant 2001</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
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<h1>Programmation des shaders</h1>
<ul>
<li>l'application envoie au GPU:
<ul>
<li>des <strong>buffers</strong> (vertex, normales, connectivité...) et des <strong>textures</strong></li>
<li>les <strong>shaders</strong> à compiler et à exécuter</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>les <strong>vertex shaders appelés une fois pour chaque vertex</strong></li>
<li>chaque triangle de vertex est converti en fragments (<em>rasterization</em>)</li>
<li>les <s>pixel</s> <strong>fragment shaders appelés sur chaque fragment</strong>
<ul>
<li>les données en entrée (couleur, profondeur, normales) sont <a href="https://webglfundamentals.org/webgl/lessons/webgl-how-it-works.html"><strong>interpolées</strong> par rapport aux sommets de chaque triangle</a>!</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
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<h1>Du triangle au pixel</h1>
<p><em>Illustration interactive</em></p>
<p><a href="https://acko.net/files/fullfrontal/fullfrontal/webglmath/shaders.html"><strong>Making WebGL Dance</strong><br />
</a><br />
by<br />
<strong>Steven Wittens</strong></p>
<footer><a href="https://acko.net/files/fullfrontal/fullfrontal/webglmath/shaders.html">https://acko.net/files/fullfrontal/fullfrontal/webglmath/shaders.html</a></footer>
</section>
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left: 0;
right: 0;
width: 100%;
height: 109%;
frameborder: 0;"
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</iframe>
</section>
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<h1>GLSL: Langage de programmation</h1>
<ul>
<li>
<p>variables</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>uniform</strong>: <strong>entrée</strong>, fournie par l'application, <strong>constante</strong> pour tout le programme</li>
<li><strong>attribute</strong>: <strong>entrée</strong> de vertex shader, fournie par l'application: <strong>donnée du vertex buffer</strong>, <strong>varie par vertex</strong></li>
<li><strong>varying</strong>: <strong>sortie</strong> de vertex shader / <strong>entrée</strong> de fragment shader</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>fonctions: dialecte du C</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>GLSL pour WebGL 1.0, cf <a href="https://www.khronos.org/files/webgl/webgl-reference-card-1_0.pdf">page 3</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>GLSL pour WebGL 2.0: version OpenGL ES 3.0, cf <a href="https://www.khronos.org/files/webgl20-reference-guide.pdf">page 8</a></p>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="91" data-paginate="true" data-class="lead invert" data-theme="gaia" class="lead invert" data-marpit-pagination="91" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--class:lead invert;--theme:gaia;">
<h1>WebGL</h1>
<p><strong>Let's code!</strong></p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="92" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="92" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;"></section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="93" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="93" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;">
<h1>Annexes</h1>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="94" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="94" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;">
<ul>
<li>Histoire de WebGL</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://web.eecs.umich.edu/~sugih/courses/eecs487/lectures/20-History+ES+WebGL.pdf">https://web.eecs.umich.edu/~sugih/courses/eecs487/lectures/20-History+ES+WebGL.pdf</a></p>
<ul>
<li>Cours WebGL 2</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://perso.univ-rennes1.fr/pierre.nerzic/IMR2/IMR2%20-%20Synth%C3%A8se%20d'images%20-%20CM2.pdf">https://perso.univ-rennes1.fr/pierre.nerzic/IMR2/IMR2 - Synthèse d'images - CM2.pdf</a></p>
<ul>
<li>Outils d'analyse, vérification, dump, debug WebGL</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://github.com/greggman/webgl-helpers#webgl-gl-error-checkjs">https://github.com/greggman/webgl-helpers#webgl-gl-error-checkjs</a></p>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="95" data-paginate="true" data-theme="gaia" data-marpit-pagination="95" data-marpit-pagination-total="95" style="--paginate:true;--theme:gaia;"></section>
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