Improved caching for docker rebuilds

[sdreyer]

Description

Drops docker rebuild time for ~10 minutes to ~1:30

Type of change

Does this correspond to an open issue?

Select type(s) of change

• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
• Documentation update

Checklist:

• I have performed a self-review of my code
• I have commented my code, particularly in hard-to-understand areas
• I have made corresponding changes to the documentation
• My changes generate no new warnings
• I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my feature works
• New and existing unit tests pass locally with my changes
• I have fixed any merge conflicts

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #1043 (44fae4b) into main (d3071da) will decrease coverage by 1.85%.
The diff coverage is n/a.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #1043      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   46.08%   44.24%   -1.85%     
==========================================
  Files         110      110              
  Lines       20847    20847              
==========================================
- Hits         9607     9223     -384     
- Misses      10606    11023     +417     
+ Partials      634      601      -33     

see 13 files with indirect coverage changes

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