SparkBraille is a project from Doug Schepers of Fizz Studio and Jason White of ETS. It was first developed as part of the Benetech DIAGRAM Center 2020 hackathon.
The aim of the project is to represent the gist of a line chart (i.e., a summary of its form) on a typical refreshable braille display (e.g., one line of 40 cells), with Web content.
Each pair (tuple) of dots in a sequence can be selected via its Cursor Routing button to read out the values for that tuple.
Extension to larger (including multi-line) displays could be explored subsequently.
https://fizzstudio.github.io/sparkbraille/
A simple test file is in src/test.html. At least initially, JavaScript (ES6) modules are used. Hence, the test cannot be run from the local file system due to cross-domain security issues. It can however be run from a local Web server. For example, with node.js installed, and with the root directory of the project as the current directory:
npx serve src
will make the project available on localhost (port 5000). A browser can then connect to it and access src/test.html.
SprarkBraille converts a sequence of numeric values into a sequence of braille characters that forms a quick sketch of the shape of the data. In particular, by scanning the braille output, one can tell where large and small values occur in the data, or where sudden changes occur.
To explore the data values for any pair of values in a cell, the user can press the Cursor Routing button for that cell to read out those two values.
SprarkBraille offers two modes of display, toggled with a check box.
In the default mode, the braille characters are chosen so that only one dot occurs in each vertical column of the display. Dots in the top position indicate large values, those in the next lower position are smaller, and so on, with the lowest dot indicating the lowest range of values.
In area chart mode, each column is filled in below the top dot, so that (for example) a value in the lowest range has only the lowest dot, values in the next higher range have the bottom two dots, and so on, with the highest values having all four dots.
The Test Page allows the user to display random data. The user can specify the number of values to display. In addition to the braille output, the page shows how the braille display is generated, by determining the range of values, and placing the values into four bins, corresponding to the four vertical dot positions.
The Unicode block for braille (0x2800-0x28ff) is used to specify the braille cells directly. In general, screen readers write the corresponding braille cells directly to the display, without further translation, as desired. In some cases (for example, certain versions of VoiceOver for Mac), it may be necessary to turn off Grade II translation to achieve the desired effect.
Within the Unicode range (0x2800-0x28ff), if a bit is set, the corresponding braille dot is raised on the display, and shown visually in a braille font. Thus, 0x2800 is a space (blank cell) with no dots raised. The least significant bit (bit position 0) represents braille dot 1. The next bit (moving from right to left in the binary representation) represents braille dot 2, and so on. Bit 7 represents braille dot 8.
Consequently, for example, to represent a braille cell consisting of dots 1, 2 and 3, the low-order byte is 00000111 in binary (i.e., 7 in decimal).
Note that for historical reasons, braille is composed of a six-dot cell, wherein the dots are conventionally numbered 1, 2 and 3 in the left column, and 4, 5 and 6 in the right column. In an eight-dot cell, two additional dot positions are added below the conventional six-dot arrangement: dot 7 is on the lower left, and dot 8 on the lower right. Most braille displays provide eight-dot cells.