Commit
This commit does not belong to any branch on this repository, and may belong to a fork outside of the repository.
Add manual page to document the new rescue utilities in /rescue.
Most text by: Tim Kientzle <kientzle@acm.org> Reviewed by: ru, doc@ Approved by: ceri (mentor)
- Loading branch information
Showing
2 changed files
with
183 additions
and
1 deletion.
There are no files selected for viewing
This file contains bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
This file contains bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
---|---|---|
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@ | ||
.\" Copyright (c) 2003 Tim Kientzle <kientzle@acm.org> | ||
.\" Copyright (c) 2003 Simon L. Nielsen <simon@FreeBSD.org> | ||
.\" All rights reserved. | ||
.\" | ||
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without | ||
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions | ||
.\" are met: | ||
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright | ||
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. | ||
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright | ||
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the | ||
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. | ||
.\" | ||
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND | ||
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE | ||
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE | ||
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE | ||
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL | ||
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS | ||
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) | ||
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT | ||
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY | ||
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF | ||
.\" SUCH DAMAGE. | ||
.\" | ||
.\" $FreeBSD$ | ||
.\" | ||
.Dd July 23, 2003 | ||
.Os | ||
.Dt RESCUE 7 | ||
.Sh NAME | ||
.Nm rescue | ||
.Nd rescue utilities in | ||
.Pa /rescue | ||
.Sh DESCRIPTION | ||
The | ||
.Pa /rescue | ||
directory contains a collection of common utilities intended for use | ||
in recovering a badly damaged system. | ||
With the transition to a dynamically-linked root beginning with | ||
.Fx 5.2 , | ||
there is a real possibility that the standard tools in | ||
.Pa /bin | ||
and | ||
.Pa /sbin | ||
may become non-functional due to a failed upgrade or a disk error. | ||
The tools in | ||
.Pa /rescue | ||
are statically linked and should therefore be more resistant to | ||
damage. | ||
However, being statically linked, the tools in | ||
.Pa /rescue | ||
are also less functional than the standard utilities. | ||
In particular, they do not have full use of the locale, | ||
.Xr pam 3 , | ||
and nsswitch libraries. | ||
.Pp | ||
If your system fails to boot, and it shows a prompt similar to: | ||
.Pp | ||
.Dl "Enter full pathname of shell or RETURN for /bin/sh: " | ||
.Pp | ||
the first thing to try running is the standard shell, | ||
.Pa /bin/sh . | ||
If that fails, try running | ||
.Pa /rescue/sh , | ||
which is the | ||
.Nm | ||
shell. | ||
To repair the system, the root partition must first be remounted | ||
read-write. | ||
This can be done with the following | ||
.Xr mount 8 | ||
command: | ||
.Pp | ||
.Dl "/rescue/mount -uw /" | ||
.Pp | ||
The next step is to double-check the contents of | ||
.Pa /bin , /sbin , | ||
and | ||
.Pa /usr/lib , | ||
possibly mounting a | ||
.Fx | ||
rescue or | ||
.Dq "live file system" | ||
CD-ROM (e.g., | ||
.Li disc2 | ||
of the officially released | ||
.Fx | ||
ISO images) and copying files from there. | ||
Once it is possible to successfully run | ||
.Pa /bin/sh , /bin/ls , | ||
and other standard utilities, try rebooting back into the standard | ||
system. | ||
.Pp | ||
The | ||
.Pa /rescue | ||
tools are compiled using | ||
.Xr crunchgen 1 , | ||
which makes them considerably more compact than the standard | ||
utilities. | ||
To build a | ||
.Fx | ||
system where space is critical, | ||
.Pa /rescue | ||
can be used as a replacement for the standard | ||
.Pa /bin | ||
and | ||
.Pa /sbin | ||
directories; simply change | ||
.Pa /bin | ||
and | ||
.Pa /sbin | ||
to be symbolic links pointing to | ||
.Pa /rescue . | ||
Since | ||
.Pa /rescue | ||
is statically linked, it should also be possible to dispense with much | ||
of | ||
.Pa /usr/lib | ||
in such an environment. | ||
.Pp | ||
In contrast to its predecessor | ||
.Pa /stand , | ||
.Pa /rescue | ||
is updated during normal | ||
.Fx | ||
source and binary upgrades. | ||
.Sh FILES | ||
.Bl -tag -width ".Pa /rescue" -compact | ||
.It Pa /rescue | ||
Root of the | ||
.Nm | ||
hierarchy. | ||
.El | ||
.Sh SEE ALSO | ||
.Xr crunchgen 1 , | ||
.Xr crash 8 | ||
.Sh HISTORY | ||
The | ||
.Nm | ||
utilities first appeared in | ||
.Fx 5.2 . | ||
.Sh AUTHORS | ||
.An -nosplit | ||
The | ||
.Nm | ||
system was written by | ||
.An Tim Kientzle Aq kientzle@acm.org . | ||
This manual page was written by | ||
.An Simon L. Nielsen Aq simon@FreeBSD.org , | ||
based on text by | ||
.An Tim Kientzle Aq kientzle@acm.org . | ||
.Sh BUGS | ||
Most of the | ||
.Nm | ||
tools work even in a fairly crippled system. | ||
The most egregious exception is the | ||
.Nm | ||
version of | ||
.Xr vi 1 , | ||
which currently requires that | ||
.Pa /usr | ||
be mounted so that it can access the | ||
.Xr termcap 5 | ||
files. | ||
Hopefully, a failsafe | ||
.Xr termcap 3 | ||
entry will eventually be added into the | ||
.Xr ncurses 3 | ||
library, so that | ||
.Pa /rescue/vi | ||
can be used even in a system where | ||
.Pa /usr | ||
cannot immediately be mounted. | ||
In the meantime, the | ||
.Nm | ||
version of the | ||
.Xr ed 1 | ||
editor can be used from | ||
.Pa /rescue/ed | ||
if you need to edit files, but cannot mount | ||
.Pa /usr . |