Facade.php

<?php
/**
 * RedBean Facade
 * @file			RedBean/Facade.php
 * @description		Convenience class for RedBeanPHP.
 *					This class hides the object landscape of
 *					RedBeanPHP behind a single letter class providing
 *					almost all functionality with simple static calls.
 * @author			Gabor de Mooij and the RedBeanPHP Community
 * @license			BSD/GPLv2
 *
 * copyright (c) G.J.G.T. (Gabor) de Mooij and the RedBeanPHP Community
 * This source file is subject to the BSD/GPLv2 License that is bundled
 * with this source code in the file license.txt.
 *
 */
class RedBean_Facade {

	/**
	 * Collection of toolboxes
	 * @var array
	 */
	public static $toolboxes = array();
	/**
	 *
	 * Constains an instance of the RedBean Toolbox
	 * @var RedBean_ToolBox
	 *
	 */
	public static $toolbox;

	/**
	 * Constains an instance of RedBean OODB
	 * @var RedBean_OODB
	 */
	public static $redbean;

	/**
	 * Contains an instance of the Query Writer
	 * @var RedBean_QueryWriter
	 */
	public static $writer;

	/**
	 * Contains an instance of the Database
	 * Adapter.
	 * @var RedBean_DBAdapter
	 */
	public static $adapter;


	/**
	 * Contains an instance of the Association Manager
	 * @var RedBean_AssociationManager
	 */
	public static $associationManager;


	/**
	 * Contains an instance of the Extended Association Manager
	 * @var RedBean_ExtAssociationManager
	 */
	public static $extAssocManager;


	/**
	 * Holds an instance of Bean Exporter
	 * @var RedBean_Plugin_BeanExport
	 */
	public static $exporter;

	/**
	 * Holds the Key of the current database.
	 * @var string
	 */
	public static $currentDB = '';

	/**
	 * Holds reference to SQL Helper
	 */
	public static $f;


	/**
	 * Get version
	 * @return string
	 */
	public static function getVersion() {
		return '3.2';
	}

	/**
	 * Kickstarts redbean for you. This method should be called before you start using
	 * RedBean. The Setup() method can be called without any arguments, in this case it will
	 * try to create a SQLite database in /tmp called red.db (this only works on UNIX-like systems).
	 *
	 * @param string $dsn      Database connection string
	 * @param string $username Username for database
	 * @param string $password Password for database
	 *
	 * @return void
	 */
	public static function setup( $dsn=NULL, $username=NULL, $password=NULL ) {
		if (function_exists('sys_get_temp_dir')) $tmp = sys_get_temp_dir(); else $tmp = 'tmp';
		if (is_null($dsn)) $dsn = 'sqlite:/'.$tmp.'/red.db';
		self::addDatabase('default',$dsn,$username,$password);
		self::selectDatabase('default');
		return self::$toolbox;
	}


	/**
	 * Adds a database to the facade, afterwards you can select the database using
	 * selectDatabase($key).
	 *
	 * @param string      $key    ID for the database
	 * @param string      $dsn    DSN for the database
	 * @param string      $user   User for connection
	 * @param null|string $pass   Password for connection
	 * @param bool        $frozen Whether this database is frozen or not
	 *
	 * @return void
	 */
	public static function addDatabase( $key, $dsn, $user=null, $pass=null, $frozen=false ) {
		self::$toolboxes[$key] = RedBean_Setup::kickstart($dsn,$user,$pass,$frozen);
	}


	/**
	 * Selects a different database for the Facade to work with.
	 *
	 * @param  string $key Key of the database to select
	 * @return int 1
	 */
	public static function selectDatabase($key) {
		if (self::$currentDB===$key) return false;
		self::configureFacadeWithToolbox(self::$toolboxes[$key]);
		self::$currentDB = $key;
		return true;
	}


	/**
	 * Toggles DEBUG mode.
	 * In Debug mode all SQL that happens under the hood will
	 * be printed to the screen or logged by provided logger.
	 *
	 * @param boolean $tf
	 * @param RedBean_ILogger $logger
	 */
	public static function debug( $tf = true, $logger = NULL ) {
		if (!$logger) $logger = new RedBean_Logger;
		self::$adapter->getDatabase()->setDebugMode( $tf, $logger );
	}

	/**
	 * Stores a RedBean OODB Bean and returns the ID.
	 *
	 * @param  RedBean_OODBBean $bean bean
	 *
	 * @return integer $id id
	 */
	public static function store( RedBean_OODBBean $bean ) {
		return self::$redbean->store( $bean );
	}


	/**
	 * Toggles fluid or frozen mode. In fluid mode the database
	 * structure is adjusted to accomodate your objects. In frozen mode
	 * this is not the case.
	 *
	 * You can also pass an array containing a selection of frozen types.
	 * Let's call this chilly mode, it's just like fluid mode except that
	 * certain types (i.e. tables) aren't touched.
	 *
	 * @param boolean|array $trueFalse
	 */
	public static function freeze( $tf = true ) {
		self::$redbean->freeze( $tf );
	}


	/**
	 * Loads the bean with the given type and id and returns it.
	 *
	 * @param string  $type type
	 * @param integer $id   id of the bean you want to load
	 *
	 * @return RedBean_OODBBean $bean
	 */
	public static function load( $type, $id ) {
		return self::$redbean->load( $type, $id );
	}

	/**
	 * Deletes the specified bean.
	 *
	 * @param RedBean_OODBBean $bean bean to be deleted
	 *
	 * @return mixed
	 */
	public static function trash( RedBean_OODBBean $bean ) {
		return self::$redbean->trash( $bean );
	}

	/**
	 * Dispenses a new RedBean OODB Bean for use with
	 * the rest of the methods.
	 *
	 * @param string $type type
	 *
	 *
	 */
	public static function dispense( $type, $num = 1 ) {
		if ($num==1) {
			return self::$redbean->dispense( $type );
		}
		else {
			$beans = array();
			for($v=0; $v<$num; $v++) $beans[] = self::$redbean->dispense( $type );
			return $beans;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Convience method. Tries to find beans of a certain type,
	 * if no beans are found, it dispenses a bean of that type.
	 *
	 * @param  string $type   type of bean you are looking for
	 * @param  string $sql    SQL code for finding the bean
	 * @param  array  $values parameters to bind to SQL
	 *
	 * @return array $beans Contains RedBean_OODBBean instances
	 */
	public static function findOrDispense( $type, $sql, $values ) {
		$foundBeans = self::find($type,$sql,$values);
		if (count($foundBeans)==0) return array(self::dispense($type)); else return $foundBeans;
	}

	/**
	 * Associates two Beans. This method will associate two beans with eachother.
	 * You can then get one of the beans by using the related() function and
	 * providing the other bean. You can also provide a base bean in the extra
	 * parameter. This base bean allows you to add extra information to the association
	 * record. Note that this is for advanced use only and the information will not
	 * be added to one of the beans, just to the association record.
	 * It's also possible to provide an array or JSON string as base bean. If you
	 * pass a scalar this function will interpret the base bean as having one
	 * property called 'extra' with the value of the scalar.
	 *
	 * @param RedBean_OODBBean $bean1 bean that will be part of the association
	 * @param RedBean_OODBBean $bean2 bean that will be part of the association
	 * @param mixed $extra            bean, scalar, array or JSON providing extra data.
	 *
	 * @return mixed
	 */
	public static function associate( RedBean_OODBBean $bean1, RedBean_OODBBean $bean2, $extra = null ) {
		//No extra? Just associate like always (default)
		if (!$extra) {
			return self::$associationManager->associate( $bean1, $bean2 );
		}
		else{
			if (!is_array($extra)) {
				$info = json_decode($extra,true);
				if (!$info) $info = array('extra'=>$extra);
			}
			else {
				$info = $extra;
			}
			$bean = RedBean_Facade::dispense('typeLess');
			$bean->import($info);
			return self::$extAssocManager->extAssociate($bean1, $bean2, $bean);
		}

	}


	/**
	 * Breaks the association between two beans.
	 * This functions breaks the association between a pair of beans. After
	 * calling this functions the beans will no longer be associated with
	 * eachother. Calling related() with either one of the beans will no longer
	 * return the other bean.
	 *
	 * @param RedBean_OODBBean $bean1 bean
	 * @param RedBean_OODBBean $bean2 bean
	 *
	 * @return mixed
	 */
	public static function unassociate( RedBean_OODBBean $bean1, RedBean_OODBBean $bean2 , $fast=false) {
		return self::$associationManager->unassociate( $bean1, $bean2, $fast );
	}

	/**
	 * Returns all the beans associated with $bean.
	 * This method will return an array containing all the beans that have
	 * been associated once with the associate() function and are still
	 * associated with the bean specified. The type parameter indicates the
	 * type of beans you are looking for. You can also pass some extra SQL and
	 * values for that SQL to filter your results after fetching the
	 * related beans.
	 *
	 * Dont try to make use of subqueries, a subquery using IN() seems to
	 * be slower than two queries!
	 *
	 * Since 3.2, you can now also pass an array of beans instead just one
	 * bean as the first parameter.
	 *
	 * @param RedBean_OODBBean|array $bean the bean you have
	 * @param string				 $type the type of beans you want
	 * @param string				 $sql  SQL snippet for extra filtering
	 * @param array					 $val  values to be inserted in SQL slots
	 *
	 * @return array $beans	beans yielded by your query.
	 */
	public static function related( $bean, $type, $sql=null, $values=array()) {
		$keys = self::$associationManager->related( $bean, $type );
		if (count($keys)==0) return array();
		if (!$sql) return self::batch($type, $keys);
		$rows = self::$writer->selectRecord( $type, array('id'=>$keys),array($sql,$values),false );
		return self::$redbean->convertToBeans($type,$rows);
	}

	/**
	* Returns only single associated bean.
	*
	* @param RedBean_OODBBean $bean bean provided
	* @param string $type type of bean you are searching for
	* @param string $sql SQL for extra filtering
	* @param array $values values to be inserted in SQL slots
	*
	*
	* @return RedBean_OODBBean $bean
	*/
	public static function relatedOne( RedBean_OODBBean $bean, $type, $sql=null, $values=array() ) {
		$beans = self::related($bean, $type, $sql, $values);
		if (count($beans)==0) return null;
		return reset( $beans );
	}

	/**
	 * Checks whether a pair of beans is related N-M. This function does not
	 * check whether the beans are related in N:1 way.
	 *
	 * @param RedBean_OODBBean $bean1 first bean
	 * @param RedBean_OODBBean $bean2 second bean
	 *
	 * @return bool $yesNo whether they are related
	 */
	public static function areRelated( RedBean_OODBBean $bean1, RedBean_OODBBean $bean2) {
		return self::$associationManager->areRelated($bean1,$bean2);
	}


	/**
	 * The opposite of related(). Returns all the beans that are not
	 * associated with the bean provided.
	 *
	 * @param RedBean_OODBBean $bean   bean provided
	 * @param string           $type   type of bean you are searching for
	 * @param string           $sql    SQL for extra filtering
	 * @param array            $values values to be inserted in SQL slots
	 *
	 * @return array $beans beans
	 */
	public static function unrelated(RedBean_OODBBean $bean, $type, $sql=null, $values=array()) {
		$keys = self::$associationManager->related( $bean, $type );
		$rows = self::$writer->selectRecord( $type, array('id'=>$keys), array($sql,$values), false, true );
		return self::$redbean->convertToBeans($type,$rows);

	}



	/**
	 * Clears all associated beans.
	 * Breaks all many-to-many associations of a bean and a specified type.
	 *
	 * @param RedBean_OODBBean $bean bean you wish to clear many-to-many relations for
	 * @param string           $type type of bean you wish to break associatons with
	 *
	 * @return void
	 */
	public static function clearRelations( RedBean_OODBBean $bean, $type ) {
		self::$associationManager->clearRelations( $bean, $type );
	}

	/**
	 * Finds a bean using a type and a where clause (SQL).
	 * As with most Query tools in RedBean you can provide values to
	 * be inserted in the SQL statement by populating the value
	 * array parameter; you can either use the question mark notation
	 * or the slot-notation (:keyname).
	 *
	 * @param string $type   type   the type of bean you are looking for
	 * @param string $sql    sql    SQL query to find the desired bean, starting right after WHERE clause
	 * @param array  $values values array of values to be bound to parameters in query
	 *
	 * @return array $beans  beans
	 */
	public static function find( $type, $sql=null, $values=array() ) {
		if ($sql instanceof RedBean_SQLHelper) list($sql,$values) = $sql->getQuery();
		if (!is_array($values)) throw new InvalidArgumentException('Expected array, ' . gettype($values) . ' given.');
		return self::$redbean->find($type,array(),array($sql,$values));
	}

	/**
	 * Finds a bean using a type and a where clause (SQL).
	 * As with most Query tools in RedBean you can provide values to
	 * be inserted in the SQL statement by populating the value
	 * array parameter; you can either use the question mark notation
	 * or the slot-notation (:keyname).
	 * The findAll() method differs from the find() method in that it does
	 * not assume a WHERE-clause, so this is valid:
	 *
	 * R::findAll('person',' ORDER BY name DESC ');
	 *
	 * Your SQL does not have to start with a valid WHERE-clause condition.
	 *
	 * @param string $type   type   the type of bean you are looking for
	 * @param string $sql    sql    SQL query to find the desired bean, starting right after WHERE clause
	 * @param array  $values values array of values to be bound to parameters in query
	 *
	 * @return array $beans  beans
	 */
	public static function findAll( $type, $sql=null, $values=array() ) {
		if (!is_array($values)) throw new InvalidArgumentException('Expected array, ' . gettype($values) . ' given.');
		return self::$redbean->find($type,array(),array($sql,$values),true);
	}

	/**
	 * Finds a bean using a type and a where clause (SQL).
	 * As with most Query tools in RedBean you can provide values to
	 * be inserted in the SQL statement by populating the value
	 * array parameter; you can either use the question mark notation
	 * or the slot-notation (:keyname).
	 * The variation also exports the beans (i.e. it returns arrays).
	 *
	 * @param string $type   type   the type of bean you are looking for
	 * @param string $sql    sql    SQL query to find the desired bean, starting right after WHERE clause
	 * @param array  $values values array of values to be bound to parameters in query
	 *
	 * @return array $arrays arrays
	 */
	public static function findAndExport($type, $sql=null, $values=array()) {
		$items = self::find( $type, $sql, $values );
		$arr = array();
		foreach($items as $key=>$item) {
			$arr[$key]=$item->export();
		}
		return $arr;
	}

	/**
	 * Finds a bean using a type and a where clause (SQL).
	 * As with most Query tools in RedBean you can provide values to
	 * be inserted in the SQL statement by populating the value
	 * array parameter; you can either use the question mark notation
	 * or the slot-notation (:keyname).
	 * This variation returns the first bean only.
	 *
	 * @param string $type   type   the type of bean you are looking for
	 * @param string $sql    sql    SQL query to find the desired bean, starting right after WHERE clause
	 * @param array  $values values array of values to be bound to parameters in query
	 *
	 * @return RedBean_OODBBean $bean
	 */
	public static function findOne( $type, $sql=null, $values=array()) {
		$items = self::find($type,$sql,$values);
		$found = reset($items);
		if (!$found) return null;
		return $found;
	}

	/**
	 * Finds a bean using a type and a where clause (SQL).
	 * As with most Query tools in RedBean you can provide values to
	 * be inserted in the SQL statement by populating the value
	 * array parameter; you can either use the question mark notation
	 * or the slot-notation (:keyname).
	 * This variation returns the last bean only.
	 *
	 * @param string $type   type   the type of bean you are looking for
	 * @param string $sql    sql    SQL query to find the desired bean, starting right after WHERE clause
	 * @param array  $values values array of values to be bound to parameters in query
	 *
	 * @return RedBean_OODBBean $bean
	 */
	public static function findLast( $type, $sql=null, $values=array() ) {
		$items = self::find( $type, $sql, $values );
		$found = end( $items );
		if (!$found) return null;
		return $found;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns an array of beans. Pass a type and a series of ids and
	 * this method will bring you the correspondig beans.
	 *
	 * important note: Because this method loads beans using the load()
	 * function (but faster) it will return empty beans with ID 0 for
	 * every bean that could not be located. The resulting beans will have the
	 * passed IDs as their keys.
	 *
	 * @param string $type type of beans
	 * @param array  $ids  ids to load
	 *
	 * @return array $beans resulting beans (may include empty ones)
	 */
	public static function batch( $type, $ids ) {
		return self::$redbean->batch($type, $ids);
	}

	/**
	 * Convenience function to execute Queries directly.
	 * Executes SQL.
	 *
	 * @param string $sql	 sql    SQL query to execute
	 * @param array  $values values a list of values to be bound to query parameters
	 *
	 * @return integer $affected  number of affected rows
	 */
	public static function exec( $sql, $values=array() ) {
		return self::query('exec',$sql,$values);
	}

	/**
	 * Convenience function to execute Queries directly.
	 * Executes SQL.
	 *
	 * @param string $sql	 sql    SQL query to execute
	 * @param array  $values values a list of values to be bound to query parameters
	 *
	 * @return array $results
	 */
	public static function getAll( $sql, $values=array() ) {
		return self::query('get',$sql,$values);
	}

	/**
	 * Convenience function to execute Queries directly.
	 * Executes SQL.
	 *
	 * @param string $sql	 sql    SQL query to execute
	 * @param array  $values values a list of values to be bound to query parameters
	 *
	 * @return string $result scalar
	 */
	public static function getCell( $sql, $values=array() ) {
		return self::query('getCell',$sql,$values);
	}

	/**
	 * Convenience function to execute Queries directly.
	 * Executes SQL.
	 *
	 * @param string $sql	 sql    SQL query to execute
	 * @param array  $values values a list of values to be bound to query parameters
	 *
	 * @return array $results
	 */
	public static function getRow( $sql, $values=array() ) {
		return self::query('getRow',$sql,$values);
	}

	/**
	 * Convenience function to execute Queries directly.
	 * Executes SQL.
	 *
	 * @param string $sql	 sql    SQL query to execute
	 * @param array  $values values a list of values to be bound to query parameters
	 *
	 * @return array $results
	 */
	public static function getCol( $sql, $values=array() ) {
		return self::query('getCol',$sql,$values);
	}

	/**
	 * Internal Query function, executes the desired query. Used by
	 * all facade query functions. This keeps things DRY.
	 *
	 * @throws RedBean_Exception_SQL
	 *
	 * @param string $method desired query method (i.e. 'cell','col','exec' etc..)
	 * @param string $sql    the sql you want to execute
	 * @param array  $values array of values to be bound to query statement
	 *
	 * @return array $results results of query
	 */
	private static function query($method,$sql,$values) {
		if (!self::$redbean->isFrozen()) {
			try {
				$rs = RedBean_Facade::$adapter->$method( $sql, $values );
			}catch(RedBean_Exception_SQL $e) {
				if(self::$writer->sqlStateIn($e->getSQLState(),
				array(
				RedBean_QueryWriter::C_SQLSTATE_NO_SUCH_COLUMN,
				RedBean_QueryWriter::C_SQLSTATE_NO_SUCH_TABLE)
				)) {
					return array();
				}
				else {
					throw $e;
				}
			}
			return $rs;
		}
		else {
			return RedBean_Facade::$adapter->$method( $sql, $values );
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Convenience function to execute Queries directly.
	 * Executes SQL.
	 * Results will be returned as an associative array. The first
	 * column in the select clause will be used for the keys in this array and
	 * the second column will be used for the values. If only one column is
	 * selected in the query, both key and value of the array will have the
	 * value of this field for each row.
	 *
	 * @param string $sql	 sql    SQL query to execute
	 * @param array  $values values a list of values to be bound to query parameters
	 *
	 * @return array $results
	 */
	public static function getAssoc($sql,$values=array()) {
		return self::query('getAssoc',$sql,$values);
	}


	/**
	 * Makes a copy of a bean. This method makes a deep copy
	 * of the bean.The copy will have the following features.
	 * - All beans in own-lists will be duplicated as well
	 * - All references to shared beans will be copied but not the shared beans themselves
	 * - All references to parent objects (_id fields) will be copied but not the parents themselves
	 * In most cases this is the desired scenario for copying beans.
	 * This function uses a trail-array to prevent infinite recursion, if a recursive bean is found
	 * (i.e. one that already has been processed) the ID of the bean will be returned.
	 * This should not happen though.
	 *
	 * Note:
	 * This function does a reflectional database query so it may be slow.
	 *
	 * @param RedBean_OODBBean $bean  bean to be copied
	 * @param array            $trail for internal usage, pass array()
	 * @param boolean          $pid   for internal usage
	 *
	 * @return array $copiedBean the duplicated bean
	 */
	public static function dup($bean,$trail=array(),$pid=false) {
		$type = $bean->getMeta('type');
		$key = $type.$bean->getID();
		if (isset($trail[$key])) return $bean;
		$trail[$key]=$bean;
		$copy = RedBean_Facade::dispense($type);
		$copy->import( $bean->getProperties() );
		$copy->id = 0;
		$tables = self::$writer->getTables();
		foreach($tables as $table) {
			if (strpos($table,'_')!==false || $table==$type) continue;
			$owned = 'own'.ucfirst($table);
			$shared = 'shared'.ucfirst($table);
			if ($beans = $bean->$owned) {
				$copy->$owned = array();
				foreach($beans as $subBean) {
					array_push($copy->$owned,self::dup($subBean,$trail,$pid));
				}
			}
			$copy->setMeta('sys.shadow.'.$owned,null);
			if ($beans = $bean->$shared) {
				$copy->$shared = array();
				foreach($beans as $subBean) {
					array_push($copy->$shared,$subBean);
				}
			}
			$copy->setMeta('sys.shadow.'.$shared,null);

		}

		if ($pid) $copy->id = $bean->id;
		return $copy;
	}

	/**
	 * Exports a collection of beans. Handy for XML/JSON exports with a
	 * Javascript framework like Dojo or ExtJS.
	 * What will be exported:
	 * - contents of the bean
	 * - all own bean lists (recursively)
	 * - all shared beans (not THEIR own lists)
	 *
	 * @param	array|RedBean_OODBBean $beans beans to be exported
	 *
	 * @return	array $array exported structure
	 */
	public static function exportAll($beans) {
		$array = array();
		if (!is_array($beans)) $beans = array($beans);
		foreach($beans as $bean) {
			$f = self::dup($bean,array(),true);
			$array[] = $f->export();
		}
		return $array;
	}


	/**
	 * Given an array of two beans and a property, this method
	 * swaps the value of the property.
	 * This is handy if you need to swap the priority or orderNo
	 * of an item (i.e. bug-tracking, page order).
	 *
	 * @param array  $beans    beans
	 * @param string $property property
	 */
	public static function swap( $beans, $property ) {
		$bean1 = array_shift($beans);
		$bean2 = array_shift($beans);
		$tmp = $bean1->$property;
		$bean1->$property = $bean2->$property;
		$bean2->$property = $tmp;
		RedBean_Facade::store($bean1);
		RedBean_Facade::store($bean2);
	}

	/**
	 * Converts a series of rows to beans.
	 *
	 * @param string $type type
	 * @param array  $rows must contain an array of arrays.
	 *
	 * @return array $beans
	 */
	public static function convertToBeans($type,$rows) {
		return self::$redbean->convertToBeans($type,$rows);
	}


	/**
	 * Part of RedBeanPHP Tagging API.
	 * Tests whether a bean has been associated with one ore more
	 * of the listed tags. If the third parameter is TRUE this method
	 * will return TRUE only if all tags that have been specified are indeed
	 * associated with the given bean, otherwise FALSE.
	 * If the third parameter is FALSE this
	 * method will return TRUE if one of the tags matches, FALSE if none
	 * match.
	 *
	 * @param  RedBean_OODBBean $bean bean to check for tags
	 * @param  array            $tags list of tags
	 * @param  boolean          $all  whether they must all match or just some
	 *
	 * @return boolean $didMatch whether the bean has been assoc. with the tags
	 */
	public static function hasTag($bean, $tags, $all=false) {
		$foundtags = RedBean_Facade::tag($bean);
		if (is_string($foundtags)) $foundtags = explode(",",$tags);
		$same = array_intersect($tags,$foundtags);
		if ($all) {
			return (implode(",",$same)===implode(",",$tags));
		}
		return (bool) (count($same)>0);
	}

	/**
	 * Part of RedBeanPHP Tagging API.
	 * Removes all sepcified tags from the bean. The tags specified in
	 * the second parameter will no longer be associated with the bean.
	 *
	 * @param  RedBean_OODBBean $bean    tagged bean
	 * @param  array            $tagList list of tags (names)
	 *
	 * @return void
	 */
	public static function untag($bean,$tagList) {
		if ($tagList!==false && !is_array($tagList)) $tags = explode( ",", (string)$tagList); else $tags=$tagList;
		foreach($tags as $tag) {
			$t = RedBean_Facade::findOne('tag'," title = ? ",array($tag));
			if ($t) {
				RedBean_Facade::unassociate( $bean, $t );
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Part of RedBeanPHP Tagging API.
	 * Tags a bean or returns tags associated with a bean.
	 * If $tagList is null or omitted this method will return a
	 * comma separated list of tags associated with the bean provided.
	 * If $tagList is a comma separated list (string) of tags all tags will
	 * be associated with the bean.
	 * You may also pass an array instead of a string.
	 *
	 * @param RedBean_OODBBean $bean    bean
	 * @param mixed				$tagList tags
	 *
	 * @return string $commaSepListTags
	 */
	public static function tag( RedBean_OODBBean $bean, $tagList = null ) {
		if (is_null($tagList)) {
			$tags = RedBean_Facade::related( $bean, 'tag');
			$foundTags = array();
			foreach($tags as $tag) {
				$foundTags[] = $tag->title;
			}
			return $foundTags;
		}
		RedBean_Facade::clearRelations( $bean, 'tag' );
		RedBean_Facade::addTags( $bean, $tagList );
	}

	/**
	 * Part of RedBeanPHP Tagging API.
	 * Adds tags to a bean.
	 * If $tagList is a comma separated list of tags all tags will
	 * be associated with the bean.
	 * You may also pass an array instead of a string.
	 *
	 * @param RedBean_OODBBean  $bean    bean
	 * @param array				$tagList list of tags to add to bean
	 *
	 * @return void
	 */
	public static function addTags( RedBean_OODBBean $bean, $tagList ) {
		if ($tagList!==false && !is_array($tagList)) $tags = explode( ",", (string)$tagList); else $tags=$tagList;
		if ($tagList===false) return;
		foreach($tags as $tag) {
			$t = RedBean_Facade::findOne('tag',' title = ? ',array($tag));
			if (!$t) {
				$t = RedBean_Facade::dispense('tag');
				$t->title = $tag;
				RedBean_Facade::store($t);
			}
			RedBean_Facade::associate( $bean, $t );
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Part of RedBeanPHP Tagging API.
	 * Returns all beans that have been tagged with one of the tags given.
	 *
	 * @param  $beanType type of bean you are looking for
	 * @param  $tagList  list of tags to match
	 *
	 * @return array
	 */
	public static function tagged( $beanType, $tagList ) {
		if ($tagList!==false && !is_array($tagList)) $tags = explode( ",", (string)$tagList); else $tags=$tagList;
		$collection = array();
		$tags = self::$redbean->find('tag',array('title'=>$tags));
		if (count($tags)>0) $collection = self::related($tags,$beanType);
		return $collection;
	}

	/**
	 * Part of RedBeanPHP Tagging API.
	 * Returns all beans that have been tagged with ALL of the tags given.
	 *
	 * @param  $beanType type of bean you are looking for
	 * @param  $tagList  list of tags to match
	 *
	 * @return array
	 */
	public static function taggedAll( $beanType, $tagList ) {
		if ($tagList!==false && !is_array($tagList)) $tags = explode( ",", (string)$tagList); else $tags=$tagList;
		$beans = array();
		foreach($tags as $tag) {
			$beans = self::tagged($beanType,$tag);
			if (isset($oldBeans)) $beans = array_intersect_assoc($beans,$oldBeans);
			$oldBeans = $beans;
		}
		return $beans;
	}


	/**
	 * Wipes all beans of type $beanType.
	 *
	 * @param string $beanType type of bean you want to destroy entirely.
	 */
	public static function wipe( $beanType ) {
		return RedBean_Facade::$redbean->wipe($beanType);
	}

	/**
	 * Counts beans
	 *
	 * @param string $beanType type of bean
	 *
	 * @return integer $numOfBeans
	 */

	public static function count( $beanType ) {
		return RedBean_Facade::$redbean->count($beanType);
	}

	/**
	 * Configures the facade, want to have a new Writer? A new Object Database or a new
	 * Adapter and you want it on-the-fly? Use this method to hot-swap your facade with a new
	 * toolbox.
	 *
	 * @param RedBean_ToolBox $tb toolbox
	 *
	 * @return RedBean_ToolBox $tb old, rusty, previously used toolbox
	 */
	public static function configureFacadeWithToolbox( RedBean_ToolBox $tb ) {
		$oldTools = self::$toolbox;
		self::$toolbox = $tb;
		self::$writer = self::$toolbox->getWriter();
		self::$adapter = self::$toolbox->getDatabaseAdapter();
		self::$redbean = self::$toolbox->getRedBean();
		self::$associationManager = new RedBean_AssociationManager( self::$toolbox );
		self::$redbean->setAssociationManager(self::$associationManager);
		self::$extAssocManager = new RedBean_ExtAssociationManager( self::$toolbox );
		$helper = new RedBean_ModelHelper();
		self::$redbean->addEventListener('update', $helper );
		self::$redbean->addEventListener('open', $helper );
		self::$redbean->addEventListener('delete', $helper );
		self::$associationManager->addEventListener('delete', $helper );
		self::$redbean->addEventListener('after_delete', $helper );
		self::$redbean->addEventListener('after_update', $helper );
		self::$redbean->addEventListener('dispense', $helper );
		self::$f = new RedBean_SQLHelper(self::$adapter);
		return $oldTools;
	}



	/**
	 * facade method for Cooker Graph.
	 *
	 * @param array   $array            array containing POST/GET fields or other data
	 * @param boolean $filterEmptyBeans whether you want to exclude empty beans
	 *
	 * @return array $arrayOfBeans Beans
	 */
	public static function graph($array,$filterEmpty=false) {
		$cooker = new RedBean_Cooker();
		$cooker->setToolbox(self::$toolbox);
		return $cooker->graph($array,$filterEmpty);
	}



	/**
	 * Facade Convience method for adapter transaction system.
	 * Begins a transaction.
	 *
	 * @return void
	 */
	public static function begin() {
		self::$adapter->startTransaction();
	}

	/**
	 * Facade Convience method for adapter transaction system.
	 * Commits a transaction.
	 *
	 * @return void
	 */
	public static function commit() {
		self::$adapter->commit();
	}

	/**
	 * Facade Convience method for adapter transaction system.
	 * Rolls back a transaction.
	 *
	 * @return void
	 */
	public static function rollback() {
		self::$adapter->rollback();
	}

	/**
	 * Returns a list of columns. Format of this array:
	 * array( fieldname => type )
	 * Note that this method only works in fluid mode because it might be
	 * quite heavy on production servers!
	 *
	 * @param  string $table   name of the table (not type) you want to get columns of
	 *
	 * @return array  $columns list of columns and their types
	 */
	public static function getColumns($table) {
		return self::$writer->getColumns($table);
	}

	/**
	 * Generates question mark slots for an array of values.
	 *
	 * @param array $array
	 * @return string $slots
	 */
	public static function genSlots($array) {
		if (count($array)>0) {
			$filler = array_fill(0,count($array),'?');
			return implode(',',$filler);
		}
		else {
			return '';
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Nukes the entire database.
	 */
	public static function nuke() {
		if (!self::$redbean->isFrozen()) {
			self::$writer->wipeAll();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Sets a list of dependencies.
	 * A dependency list contains an entry for each dependent bean.
	 * A dependent bean will be removed if the relation with one of the
	 * dependencies gets broken.
	 *
	 * Example:
	 *
	 * array(
	 *	'page' => array('book','magazine')
	 * )
	 *
	 * A page will be removed if:
	 *
	 * unset($book->ownPage[$pageID]);
	 *
	 * or:
	 *
	 * unset($magazine->ownPage[$pageID]);
	 *
	 * but not if:
	 *
	 * unset($paper->ownPage[$pageID]);
	 *
	 *
	 * @param array $dep list of dependencies
	 */
	public static function dependencies($dep) {
		self::$redbean->setDepList($dep);
    }

	/**
	 * Short hand function to store a set of beans at once, IDs will be
	 * returned as an array. For information please consult the R::store()
	 * function.
	 * A loop saver.
	 *
	 * @param array $beans list of beans to be stored
	 *
	 * @return array $ids list of resulting IDs
	 */
	public static function storeAll($beans) {
		$ids = array();
		foreach($beans as $bean) $ids[] = self::store($bean);
		return $ids;
	}

	/**
	 * Short hand function to trash a set of beans at once.
	 * For information please consult the R::trash() function.
	 * A loop saver.
	 *
	 * @param array $beans list of beans to be trashed
	 */
	public static function trashAll($beans) {
		foreach($beans as $bean) self::trash($bean);
	}

	/**
	 * A label is a bean with only an id, type and name property.
	 * This function will dispense beans for all entries in the array. The
	 * values of the array will be assigned to the name property of each
	 * individual bean.
	 *
	 * @param string $type   type of beans you would like to have
	 * @param array  $labels list of labels, names for each bean
	 *
	 * @return array $bean a list of beans with type and name property
	 */
	public static function dispenseLabels($type,$labels) {
		$labelBeans = array();
		foreach($labels as $label) {
			$labelBean = self::dispense($type);
			$labelBean->name = $label;
			$labelBeans[] = $labelBean;
		}
		return $labelBeans;
	}

	/**
	 * Gathers labels from beans. This function loops through the beans,
	 * collects the values of the name properties of each individual bean
	 * and stores the names in a new array. The array then gets sorted using the
	 * default sort function of PHP (sort).
	 *
	 * @param array $beans list of beans to loop
	 *
	 * @return array $array list of names of beans
	 */
	public function gatherLabels($beans) {
		$labels = array();
		foreach($beans as $bean) $labels[] = $bean->name;
		sort($labels);
		return $labels;
	}


	/**
	 * Closes the database connection.
	 */
	public static function close() {
		if (isset(self::$adapter)){
			self::$adapter->close();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Activates TimeLine Schema Alteration monitoring and
	 * Query logging.
	 *
	 * @param type $filename
	 */
	public static function log($filename) {
		$tl = new RedBean_Plugin_TimeLine($filename);
		self::$adapter->addEventListener('sql_exec',$tl);
	}


	/**
	 * Simple convenience function, returns ISO date formatted representation
	 * of $time.
	 *
	 * @param mixed $time UNIX timestamp
	 *
	 * @return type
	 */
	public static function isoDate( $time = null ) {
		if (!$time) $time = time();
		return @date('Y-m-d',$time);
	}

	/**
	 * Simple convenience function, returns ISO date time
	 * formatted representation
	 * of $time.
	 *
	 * @param mixed $time UNIX timestamp
	 *
	 * @return type
	 */
	public static function isoDateTime( $time = null) {
		if (!$time) $time = time();
		return @date('Y-m-d H:i:s',$time);
	}

}

//Compatibility with PHP 5.2 and earlier
function __lcfirst( $str ){	return (string)(strtolower(substr($str,0,1)).substr($str,1)); }