gmeep adjoint optimization extension

[SkandanC]

gmeep extension to include Meep's Adjoint Optimization capabilities. This lets us optimize and generate photonic components.

To use this:

1. Define a component, design region, design variables, objective function
2. Obtain an OptimizationProblem object using the new get_meep_adjoint_optimizer function
3. Define bitmasks, cost function (we can compute the FOM in this)
4. Run the optimization using the run_meep_adjoint_optimizer function
5. On the last run of the optimization, we can turn on a flag to return the optimized gdsfactory Component

Added:

• functions to get OptimizationProblem object, run optimization, and get a component from a Simulation object

Modified:

• Updated gmeep docs to include tutorials on using the new extension

#749

[sourcery-ai]

Sourcery Code Quality Report

❌  Merging this PR will decrease code quality in the affected files by 1.62%.

Quality metrics	Before	After	Change
Complexity	0.00 ⭐	0.00 ⭐	0.00
Method Length	139.00 😞	154.00 😞	15.00 👎
Working memory	7.00 🙂	7.00 🙂	0.00
Quality	70.74% 🙂	69.12% 🙂	-1.62% 👎

Other metrics	Before	After	Change
Lines	48	54	6

Changed files	Quality Before	Quality After	Quality Change
gdsfactory/simulation/gmeep/init.py	70.74% 🙂	69.12% 🙂	-1.62% 👎

Here are some functions in these files that still need a tune-up:

File	Function	Complexity	Length	Working Memory	Quality	Recommendation

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #760 (3d7604e) into master (b3f12d5) will not change coverage.
The diff coverage is n/a.

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##           master     #760   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   74.66%   74.66%           
=======================================
  Files         422      422           
  Lines       20841    20841           
  Branches     2830     2830           
=======================================
  Hits        15561    15561           
  Misses       4409     4409           
  Partials      871      871           

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[sonarcloud]

SonarCloud Quality Gate failed.   

0 Bugs
0 Vulnerabilities
0 Security Hotspots
10 Code Smells

No Coverage information
3.2% Duplication