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Algorithm

41. First Missing Positive

Description

Given an unsorted integer array nums, return the smallest missing positive integer.

You must implement an algorithm that runs in O(n) time and uses constant extra space.

Example 1:

Input: nums = [1,2,0]
Output: 3

Example 2:

Input: nums = [3,4,-1,1]
Output: 2

Example 3:

Input: nums = [7,8,9,11,12]
Output: 1

Constraints:

  • 1 <= nums.length <= 5 * 105
  • -231 <= nums[i] <= 231 - 1

Solution

class Solution {
    public int firstMissingPositive(int[] nums) {
        int n = nums.length;
        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            while(nums[i] > 0 && nums[i] <= n && nums[i] != nums[nums[i] - 1])
                swap(nums, i, nums[i] - 1);
        }
        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            if(nums[i] != i + 1)
                return i + 1;
        return n + 1;
    }
    private void swap(int[] nums, int i, int j) {
        int temp = nums[i];
        nums[i] = nums[j];
        nums[j] = temp;
    }
}

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