Introduction

Source codes of book: Java Concurrency In Practice(2011, Brain Goetz etc. jcip for short.), rebuild from https://jcip.net/ with maven.

Modules of this project:

• jcip-annotations: Source codes for annotations.
• jcip-examples: Source codes for all examples.

Example Codes List

Introduction

• 1.1 Non-thread-safe sequence generator: UnsafeSequence.java
• 1.2 Thread-safe sequence generator: net.jcip.examples.Sequence.java

Thread Safety

• 2.1 A stateless servlet: net.jcip.examples.StatelessFactorizer.java
• 2.2 Servlet that counts requests without the necessary synchronization: net.jcip.examples.UnsafeCountingFactorizer.java
• 2.3 Race condition in lazy initialization: net.jcip.examples.LazyInitRace.java
• 2.4 Servlet that counts requests using AtomicLong: net.jcip.examples.CountingFactorizer.java
• 2.5 Servlet that attempts to cache its last result without adequate atomicity: net.jcip.examples.UnsafeCachingFactorizer.java
• 2.6 Servlet that caches last result, but with unnacceptably poor concurrency: net.jcip.examples.SynchronizedFactorizer.java
• 2.7 Code that would deadlock if intrinsic locks were not reentrant: net.jcip.examples.NonReentrantDeadlock.java
• 2.8 Servlet that caches its last request and result: net.jcip.examples.CachedFactorizer.java

Sharing Objects

• 3.1 Sharing variables without synchronization: net.jcip.examples.NoVisibility.java
• 3.2 Non-thread-safe mutable integer holder: net.jcip.examples.MutableInteger.java
• 3.3 Thread-safe mutable integer holder: net.jcip.examples.SynchronizedInteger.java
• 3.4 Counting sheep: net.jcip.examples.CountingSheep.java
• 3.5 Publishing an object: net.jcip.examples.Secrets.java
• 3.6 Allowing internal mutable state to escape: net.jcip.examples.UnsafeStates.java
• 3.7 Implicitly allowing the this reference to escape: net.jcip.examples.ThisEscape.java
• 3.8 Using a factory method to prevent the this reference from escaping during construction: net.jcip.examples.SafeListener.java
• 3.9 Thread confinement of local primitive and reference variables: net.jcip.examples.Animals.java
• 3.10 Using ThreadLocal to ensure thread confinement: net.jcip.examples.ConnectionDispenser.java
• 3.11 Immutable class built out of mutable underlying objects: net.jcip.examples.ThreeStooges.java
• 3.12 Immutable holder for caching a number and its factors: net.jcip.examples.OneValueCache.java
• 3.13 Caching the last result using a volatile reference to an immutable holder object: net.jcip.examples.VolatileCachedFactorizer.java
• 3.14 Publishing an object without adequate synchronization: net.jcip.examples.StuffIntoPublic.java
• 3.15 Class at risk of failure if not properly published: net.jcip.examples.Holder.java

Composing Objects

• 4.1 Simple thread-safe counter using the Java monitor pattern: net.jcip.examples.Counter.java
• 4.2 Using confinement to ensure thread safety: net.jcip.examples.PersonSet.java
• 4.3 Guarding state with a private lock: net.jcip.examples.PrivateLock.java
• 4.4 Monitor-based vehicle tracker implementation: net.jcip.examples.MonitorVehicleTracker.java
• 4.5 Mutable point class similar to java.awt.Point: net.jcip.examples.MutablePoint.java
• 4.6 Immutable Point class used by DelegatingVehicleTracker: net.jcip.examples.Point.java
• 4.7 Delegating thread safety to a ConcurrentHashMap: net.jcip.examples.DelegatingVehicleTracker.java
• 4.8 Returning a static copy of the location set instead of a 'live' one: net.jcip.examples.DelegatingVehicleTracker.java
• 4.9 Delegating thread safety to multiple underlying state variables: net.jcip.examples.VisualComponent.java
• 4.10 Number range class that does not sufficiently protect its invariants: net.jcip.examples.NumberRange.java
• 4.11 Thread-safe mutable point class: net.jcip.examples.SafePoint.java
• 4.12 Vehicle tracker that safely publishes underlying state: net.jcip.examples.PublishingVehicleTracker.java
• 4.13 Extending Vector to have a put-if-absent method: net.jcip.examples.BetterVector.java
• 4.14 Non-thread-safe attempt to implement put-if-absent: net.jcip.examples.ListHelpers.java
• 4.15 Implementing put-if-absent with client-side locking: net.jcip.examples.ListHelpers.java
• 4.16 Implementing put-if-absent using composition: net.jcip.examples.ImprovedList.java

Building Blocks

• 5.1 Compound actions on a Vector that may produce confusing results: net.jcip.examples.UnsafeVectorHelpers.java
• 5.2 Compound actions on Vector using client-side locking: net.jcip.examples.SafeVectorHelpers.java
• 5.3 Iteration that may throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException. (fragment)
• 5.4 Iteration with client-side locking. (fragment)
• 5.5 Iterating a List with an Iterator. (fragment)
• 5.6 Iteration hidden within string concatenation: net.jcip.examples.HiddenIterator.java
• 5.7 ConcurrentMap interface. (external link to Javadoc)
• 5.8 Producer and consumer tasks in a desktop search application: net.jcip.examples.ProducerConsumer.java
• 5.9 Starting the desktop search: net.jcip.examples.ProducerConsumer.java
• 5.10 Restoring the interrupted status so as not to swallow the interrupt: net.jcip.examples.TaskRunnable.java
• 5.11 Using CountDownLatch for starting and stopping threads in timing tests: net.jcip.examples.TestHarness.java
• 5.12 Using FutureTask to preload data that is needed later: net.jcip.examples.Preloader.java
• 5.13 Coercing an unchecked Throwable to a RuntimeException: net.jcip.examples.LaunderThrowable.java
• 5.14 Using Semaphore to bound a collection: net.jcip.examples.BoundedHashSet.java
• 5.15 Coordinating computation in a cellular automaton with CyclicBarrier: net.jcip.examples.CellularAutomata.java
• 5.16 Initial cache attempt using HashMap and synchronization: net.jcip.examples.Memoizer1.java
• 5.17 Replacing HashMap with ConcurrentHashMap: net.jcip.examples.Memoizer2.java
• 5.18 Memoizing wrapper using FutureTask: net.jcip.examples.Memoizer2.java
• 5.19 Final implementation of Memoizer: net.jcip.examples.Memoizer.java
• 5.20 Factorizing servlet that caches results using Memoizer: net.jcip.examples.Factorizer.java

Task Execution

• 6.1 Sequential web server: net.jcip.examples.SingleThreadWebServer.java
• 6.2 Web server that starts a new thread for each request: net.jcip.examples.ThreadPerTaskWebServer.java
• 6.3 Executor interface. (external link to Javadoc)
• 6.4 Web server using a thread pool: net.jcip.examples.TaskExecutionWebServer.java
• 6.5 Executor that starts a new thread for each task: net.jcip.examples.ThreadPerTaskExecutor.java
• 6.6 Executor that executes tasks synchronously in the calling thread: net.jcip.examples.WithinThreadExecutor.java
• 6.7 Lifecycle methods in ExecutorService. (external link to Javadoc, shows all methods, not just lifecycle methods)
• 6.8 Web server with shutdown support: net.jcip.examples.LifecycleWebServer.java
• 6.9 Class illustrating confusing Timer behavior: net.jcip.examples.OutOfTime.java
• 6.10 Rendering page elements sequentially: net.jcip.examples.SingleThreadRenderer.java
• 6.11 Callable and Future interfaces. (external links to Javadoc)
• 6.12 Default implementation of newTaskFor in ThreadPoolExecutor. (See JDK source)
• 6.13 Waiting for image download with Future: net.jcip.examples.FutureRenderer.java
• 6.14 QueueingFuture class used by ExecutorCompletionService. (See JDK source)
• 6.15 Using CompletionService to render page elements as they become available: net.jcip.examples.Renderer.java
• 6.16 Fetching an advertisement with a time budget: net.jcip.examples.RenderWithTimeBudget.java
• 6.17 Requesting travel quotes under a time budget: net.jcip.examples.TimeBudget.java

Cancellation and Shutdown

• 7.1 Using a volatile field to hold cancellation state: net.jcip.examples.PrimeGenerator.java
• 7.2 Generating a second's worth of prime numbers: net.jcip.examples.PrimeGenerator.java
• 7.3 Unreliable cancellation that can leave producers stuck in a blocking operation: net.jcip.examples.BrokenPrimeProducer.java
• 7.4 Interruption methods in Thread. (external link to Javadoc, shows all Thread methods, not just interruption-related)
• 7.5 Using interruption for cancellation: net.jcip.examples.PrimeProducer.java
• 7.6 Propagating InterruptedException to callers. (fragment)
• 7.7 Noncancelable task that restores interruption before exit: net.jcip.examples.NoncancelableTask.java
• 7.8 Scheduling an interrupt on a borrowed thread: net.jcip.examples.TimedRun1.java
• 7.9 Interrupting a task in a dedicated thread: net.jcip.examples.TimedRun2.java
• 7.10 Cancelling a task using Future: net.jcip.examples.TimedRun.java
• 7.11 Encapsulating nonstandard cancellation in a Thread by overriding interrupt: net.jcip.examples.ReaderThread.java
• 7.12 Encapsulating nonstandard cancellation in a task with newTaskFor: net.jcip.examples.SocketUsingTask.java
• 7.13 Producer-consumer logging service with no shutdown support: net.jcip.examples.LogWriter.java
• 7.14 Unreliable way to add shutdown support to the logging service. (fragment)
• 7.15 Adding reliable cancellation to LogWriter: net.jcip.examples.LogService.java
• 7.16 Logging service that uses an ExecutorService.
• 7.17 Shutdown with poison pill: net.jcip.examples.IndexingService.java
• 7.18 Producer thread for IndexingService: net.jcip.examples.IndexingService.java
• 7.19 Consumer thread for IndexingService: net.jcip.examples.IndexingService.java
• 7.20 Using a private Executor whose lifetime is bounded by a method call: net.jcip.examples.CheckForMail.java
• 7.21 ExecutorService that keeps track of cancelled tasks after shutdown: net.jcip.examples.TrackingExecutor.java
• 7.22 Using TrackingExecutorService to save unfinished tasks for later execution: net.jcip.examples.WebCrawler.java
• 7.23 Typical thread-pool worker thread structure. (fragment)
• 7.24 UncaughtExceptionHandler interface. (external link to Javadoc)
• 7.25 UncaughtExceptionHandler that logs the exception: net.jcip.examples.UEHLogger.java
• 7.26 Registering a shutdown hook to stop the logging service. (fragment)

Applying Thread Pools

• 8.1 Task that deadlocks in a single-threaded Executor: net.jcip.examples.ThreadDeadlock.java
• 8.2 General constructor for ThreadPoolExecutor. (external link to Javadoc)
• 8.3 Creating a fixed-sized thread pool with a bounded queue and the caller-runs saturation policy. (fragment)
• 8.4 Using a Semaphore to throttle task submission: net.jcip.examples.BoundedExecutor.java
• 8.5 ThreadFactory interface. (external link to Javadoc)
• 8.6 Custom thread factory: net.jcip.examples.MyThreadFactory.java
• 8.7 Custom thread base class: net.jcip.examples.MyAppThread.java
• 8.8 Modifying an Executor created with the standard factories. (fragment)
• 8.9 Thread pool extended with logging and timing: net.jcip.examples.TimingThreadPool.java
• 8.10 Transforming sequential execution into parallel execution: net.jcip.examples.TransformingSequential.java
• 8.11 Transforming sequential tail-recursion into parallelized recursion: net.jcip.examples.TransformingSequential.java
• 8.12 Waiting for results to be calculated in parallel: net.jcip.examples.TransformingSequential.java
• 8.13 Abstraction for puzzles like the 'sliding blocks puzzle': net.jcip.examples.Puzzle.java
• 8.14 Link node for the puzzle solver framework: net.jcip.examples.PuzzleNode.java
• 8.15 Sequential puzzle solver: net.jcip.examples.SequentialPuzzleSolver.java
• 8.16 Concurrent version of puzzle solver: net.jcip.examples.ConcurrentPuzzleSolver.java
• 8.17 Result-bearing latch used by ConcurrentPuzzleSolver: net.jcip.examples.ValueLatch.java
• 8.18 Solver that recognizes when no solution exists: net.jcip.examples.PuzzleSolver.java

GUI Applications

• 9.1 Implementing SwingUtilities using an Executor: net.jcip.examples.SwingUtilities.java
• 9.2 Executor built atop SwingUtilities: net.jcip.examples.GuiExecutor.java
• 9.3 Simple event listener. (fragment)
• 9.4 Binding a long-running task to a visual component: net.jcip.examples.ListenerExamples.java
• 9.5 Long-running task with user feedback: net.jcip.examples.ListenerExamples.java
• 9.6 Cancelling a long-running task: net.jcip.examples.ListenerExamples.java
• 9.7 Background task class supporting cancellation, completion notification, and progress notification: net.jcip.examples.BackgroundTask.java
• 9.8 Initiating a long-running, cancellable task with BackgroundTask: net.jcip.examples.ListenerExamples.java

Avoiding Liveness Hazards

• 10.1 Simple lock-ordering deadlock: net.jcip.examples.LeftRightDeadlock.java
• 10.2 Dynamic lock-ordering deadlock: net.jcip.examples.DynamicOrderDeadlock.java
• 10.3 Inducing a lock ordering to avoid deadlock: net.jcip.examples.InduceLockOrder.java
• 10.4 Driver loop that induces deadlock under typical conditions: net.jcip.examples.DemonstrateDeadlock.java
• 10.5 Lock-ordering deadlock between cooperating objects: net.jcip.examples.CooperatingDeadlock.java
• 10.6 Using open calls to avoiding deadlock between cooperating objects: net.jcip.examples.CooperatingNoDeadlock.java
• 10.7 Portion of thread dump after deadlock. (not a code listing)

Performance and Scalability

• 11.1 Serialized access to a task queue: net.jcip.examples.WorkerThread.java
• 11.2 Synchronization that has no effect. (fragment)
• 11.3 Candidate for lock elision: net.jcip.examples.ThreeStooges.java
• 11.4 Holding a lock longer than necessary: net.jcip.examples.AttributeStore.java
• 11.5 Reducing lock duration: net.jcip.examples.BetterAttributeStore.java
• 11.6 Candidate for lock splitting: net.jcip.examples.ServerStatusBeforeSplit.java
• 11.7 ServerStatus refactored to use split locks: net.jcip.examples.ServerStatusAfterSplit.java
• 11.8 Hash-based map using lock striping: net.jcip.examples.StripedMap.java

Testing Concurrent Programs

• 12.1 Bounded buffer using Semaphore: net.jcip.examples.SemaphoreBoundedBuffer.java
• 12.2 Basic unit tests for BoundedBuffer: net.jcip.examples.TestBoundedBuffer.java
• 12.3 Testing blocking and responsiveness to interruption: net.jcip.examples.TestBoundedBuffer.java
• 12.4 Medium-quality random number generator suitable for testing: net.jcip.examples.XorShift.java
• 12.5 Producer-consumer test program for BoundedBuffer: net.jcip.examples.PutTakeTest.java
• 12.6 Producer and consumer classes used in PutTakeTest: net.jcip.examples.PutTakeTest.java
• 12.7 Testing for resource leaks: net.jcip.examples.TestBoundedBuffer.java
• 12.8 Thread factory for testing ThreadPoolExecutor: net.jcip.examples.TestThreadPool.java
• 12.9 Test method to verify thread pool expansion: net.jcip.examples.TestThreadPool.java
• 12.10 Using Thread.yield to generate more interleavings. (fragment)
• 12.11 Barrier-based timer: net.jcip.examples.BarrierTimer.java
• 12.12 Testing with a barrier-based timer: net.jcip.examples.TimedPutTakeTest.java
• 12.13 Driver program for TimedPutTakeTest: net.jcip.examples.TimedPutTakeTest.java

Explicit Locks

• 13.1 Lock interface. (external link to Javadoc)
• 13.2 Guarding object state using ReentrantLock. (fragment)
• 13.3 Avoiding lock-ordering deadlock using try Lock: net.jcip.examples.DeadlockAvoidance.java
• 13.4 Locking with a time budget: net.jcip.examples.TimedLocking.java
• 13.5 Interruptible lock acquisition: net.jcip.examples.InterruptibleLocking.java
• 13.6 ReadWriteLock interface. (external link to Javadoc)
• 13.7 Wrapping a Map with a read-write lock: net.jcip.examples.ReadWriteMap.java

Building Custom Synchronizers

• 14.1 Structure of blocking state-dependent actions. (fragment)
• 14.2 Base class for bounded buffer implementations: net.jcip.examples.BaseBoundedBuffer.java
• 14.3 Bounded buffer that balks when preconditions are not met: net.jcip.examples.GrumpyBoundedBuffer.java
• 14.4 Client logic for calling GrumpyBoundedBuffer: net.jcip.examples.GrumpyBoundedBuffer.java
• 14.5 Bounded buffer using crude blocking: net.jcip.examples.SleepyBoundedBuffer.java
• 14.6 Bounded buffer using condition queues: net.jcip.examples.BoundedBuffer.java
• 14.7 Canonical form for state-dependent methods. (fragment)
• 14.8 Using conditional notification in BoundedBuffer.put: net.jcip.examples.BoundedBuffer.java
• 14.9 Recloseable gate using wait and notifyAll: net.jcip.examples.ThreadGate.java
• 14.10 Condition interface. (external link to Javadoc)
• 14.11 Bounded buffer using explicit condition variables: net.jcip.examples.ConditionBoundedBuffer.java
• 14.12 Counting semaphore implemented using Lock: net.jcip.examples.SemaphoreOnLock.java
• 14.13 Canonical forms for acquisition and release in AQS. (fragment)
• 14.14 Binary latch using AbstractQueuedSynchronizer: net.jcip.examples.OneShotLatch.java
• 14.15 tryAcquire implementation from nonfairReentrantLock. (See JDK source)
• 14.16 tryAcquireShared and tryReleaseShared from Semaphore. (See JDK source)

Atomic Variables and Nonblocking Synchronization

• 15.1 Simulated CAS operation: net.jcip.examples.SimulatedCAS.java
• 15.2 Nonblocking counter using CAS: net.jcip.examples.CasCounter.java
• 15.3 Preserving multivariable invariants using CAS: net.jcip.examples.CasNumberRange.java
• 15.4 Random number generator using ReentrantLock: net.jcip.examples.ReentrantLockPseudoRandom.java
• 15.5 Random number generator using AtomicInteger: net.jcip.examples.AtomicPseudoRandom.java
• 15.6 Nonblocking stack using Treiber's algorithm: net.jcip.examples.ConcurrentStack.java
• 15.7 Insertion in the Michael-Scott nonblocking queue algorithm: net.jcip.examples.LinkedQueue.java
• 15.8 Using atomic field updaters in ConcurrentLinkedQueue. (fragment)

The Java Memory Model

• 16.1 Insufficiently synchronized program that can have surprising results: net.jcip.examples.PossibleReordering.java
• 16.2 Inner class of FutureTask illustrating synchronization piggybacking. (See JDK source)
• 16.3 Unsafe lazy initialization: net.jcip.examples.UnsafeLazyInitialization.java
• 16.4 Thread-safe lazy initialization: net.jcip.examples.SafeLazyInitialization.java
• 16.5 Eager initialization: net.jcip.examples.EagerInitialization.java
• 16.6 Lazy initialization holder class idiom: net.jcip.examples.ResourceFactory.java
• 16.7 Double-checked-locking antipattern: net.jcip.examples.DoubleCheckedLocking.java
• 16.8 Initialization safety for immutable objects: net.jcip.examples.SafeStates.java