A Ruby wrapper for the Twitter API.
gem install twitter
Looking for the Twitter command-line interface? It was removed from this gem in version 0.5.0 and now is maintained as a separate project:
gem install t
You should follow @gem on Twitter for announcements and updates about this library.
Please direct questions about the library to the mailing list.
Does your project or organization use this gem? Add it to the apps wiki!
All returned hashes now use symbols as keys instead of strings.
The following methods now accept multiple users or ids as arguments and return arrays:
Twitter::Client#accept Twitter::Client#enable_notifications Twitter::Client#saved_search_destroy
Twitter::Client#block Twitter::Client#favorite Twitter::Client#status_destroy
Twitter::Client#deny Twitter::Client#follow Twitter::Client#unblock
Twitter::Client#direct_message_destroy Twitter::Client#report_spam Twitter::Client#unfavorite
Twitter::Client#disable_notifications Twitter::Client#retweet Twitter::Client#unfollow
Whenever more than one user or id is passed to any of these methods, HTTP requests are made in parallel using multiple threads, resulting in dramatically better performance than calling these methods multiple times in serial.
The Twitter::Client#direct_messages method has been renamed to
Twitter::Client#direct_messages_received.
The Twitter::Client#profile_image method has been removed. Use
Twitter::User#profile_image_url (or Twitter::User#profile_image_url_https)
instead.
The Twitter::Status#expanded_urls method has been removed. Use
Twitter::Status#urls instead.
The Twitter::Client#follow method now checks to make sure the user isn't
already being followed. If you don't wish to perform that check (which does
require an extra HTTP request), you can use the new Twitter::Client#follow!
method instead. Note: This may re-send an email notification to the user,
even if they are already being followed.
The Twitter::Client#search method now returns a Twitter::SearchResult
object, which contains metadata and a results array. In the previous major
version, this method returned an array of Twitter::Status objects, which is
now accessible by sending the results message to a Twitter::SearchResults
object.
Twitter::Client.search("query").map(&:full_text)
Twitter::Client.search("query").results.map(&:full_text)
The Faraday middleware stack is now fully configurable and is exposed as a
Faraday::Builder. You can modify the default middleware in-place:
Twitter.middleware.insert_after Twitter::Response::RaiseClientError, CustomMiddleware
You can no longer set a custom adapter via Twitter::Config#adapter=, however a
custom adapter may be set as part of a custom middleware stack:
Twitter.middleware = Faraday::Builder.new(
&Proc.new do |builder|
# Specify a middleware stack here
builder.adapter :some_other_adapter
end
)
Support for API gateways via gateway configuration has removed. This
functionality may be replicated by inserting custom Faraday middleware.
The Twitter::Conif#proxy= and Twitter::Config#user_agent= setters have also
been removed. These options can be set by modifying the default connection
options:
Twitter.connection_options[:proxy] = 'http://erik:sekret@proxy.example.com:8080'
Twitter.connection_options[:headers][:user_agent] = 'Custom User Agent'
This library now attempts to pull credentials from the following environment variables:
TWITTER_CONSUMER_KEY
TWITTER_CONSUMER_SECRET
TWITTER_OAUTH_TOKEN
TWITTER_OAUTH_TOKEN_SECRET
This version introduces an identity map, which ensures that the same objects only get initialized once:
Twitter.user("sferik").object_id == Twitter.user("sferik").object_id #=> true
(In all previous versions of this gem, this statement would have returned false.)
Any Faraday client errors are captured and re-raised as a
Twitter::Error::ClientError, so there's no longer a need to separately rescue
Faraday::Error::ClientError.
All Twitter::Error rate limit methods (including Twitter::Error.retry_at)
have been replaced by the Twitter::Error#rate_limit method, which returns a
Twitter::RateLimit instance. Likewise, there is now a
Twitter::Client#rate_limit method, which gets updated after each request.
Twitter.user("sferik") # Any API request will fetch rate limit information
rate_limit = Twitter.rate_limit
rate_limit.limit #=> 150
rate_limit.remaining #=> 149
rate_limit.reset_at #=> 2012-07-16 12:34:56 -0700
rate_limit.reset_in #=> 3540 (seconds)
This will be the last major version of this library to support Ruby 1.8. Requiring Ruby 1.9 will allow us to remove various hacks put in place to maintain Ruby 1.8 compatibility. The first stable version of Ruby 1.9 was released on August 19, 2010. If you haven't found the opportunity to upgrade your Ruby interpreter since then, let this be your nudge. Once version 4 of this library is released, all previous versions will cease to be supported, even if critical security vulnerabilities are discovered.
Here are some fun facts about the 3.0 release:
- The entire library is implemented in just 2,273 lines of code
- With over 5,000 lines of specs, the spec-to-code ratio is well over 2:1
- The spec suite contains 665 examples and runs in under 2 seconds on a MacBook
- This project has 100% C0 code coverage (the tests execute every line of source code at least once)
- At the time of release, this library is comprehensive: you can request all documented Twitter REST API resources that respond with JSON (over 100)
- This is the first multithreaded release (requests are made in parallel)
- This gem works on every major Ruby implementation, including JRuby and Rubinius
- The first version was released on November 26, 2006 (over 5 years ago)
- This gem has only three dependencies:
faraday,multi_json, andsimple_oauth - Previous versions of this gem have been downloaded over half a million times
You can improve performance by preloading a faster JSON parsing library. By default, JSON will be parsed with okjson. For faster JSON parsing, we recommend Oj.
Return @sferik's location
Twitter.user("sferik").location
Return @sferik's most recent Tweet
Twitter.user_timeline("sferik").first.text
Return the text of the Tweet at https://twitter.com/sferik/statuses/27558893223
Twitter.status(27558893223).text
Find the 3 most recent marriage proposals to @justinbieber
Twitter.search("to:justinbieber marry me", :rpp => 3, :result_type => "recent").results.map do |status|
"#{status.from_user}: #{status.text}"
end
Let's find a Japanese-language Tweet tagged #ruby (no retweets)
Twitter.search("#ruby -rt", :lang => "ja", :rpp => 1).results.first.text
Certain methods require authentication. To get your Twitter OAuth credentials, register an app at http://dev.twitter.com/apps
Twitter.configure do |config|
config.consumer_key = YOUR_CONSUMER_KEY
config.consumer_secret = YOUR_CONSUMER_SECRET
config.oauth_token = YOUR_OAUTH_TOKEN
config.oauth_token_secret = YOUR_OAUTH_TOKEN_SECRET
end
Update your status
Twitter.update("I'm tweeting with @gem!")
Read the most recent Tweet in your timeline
Twitter.home_timeline.first.text
Get your rate limit status
rate_limit_status = Twitter.rate_limit_status
"#{rate_limit_status.remaining_hits} Twitter API request(s) remaining for the next #{((rate_limit_status.reset_time - Time.now) / 60).floor} minutes and #{((rate_limit_status.reset_time - Time.now) % 60).round} seconds"
In the spirit of free software, everyone is encouraged to help improve this project.
Here are some ways you can contribute:
- by using alpha, beta, and prerelease versions
- by reporting bugs
- by suggesting new features
- by writing or editing documentation
- by writing specifications
- by writing code (no patch is too small: fix typos, add comments, clean up inconsistent whitespace)
- by refactoring code
- by fixing issues
- by reviewing patches
We use the GitHub issue tracker to track bugs and features. Before submitting a bug report or feature request, check to make sure it hasn't already been submitted. When submitting a bug report, please include a Gist that includes a stack trace and any details that may be necessary to reproduce the bug, including your gem version, Ruby version, and operating system. Ideally, a bug report should include a pull request with failing specs.
- Fork the repository.
- Create a topic branch.
- Add specs for your unimplemented feature or bug fix.
- Run
bundle exec rake spec. If your specs pass, return to step 3. - Implement your feature or bug fix.
- Run
bundle exec rake spec. If your specs fail, return to step 5. - Run
open coverage/index.html. If your changes are not completely covered by your tests, return to step 3. - Add documentation for your feature or bug fix.
- Run
bundle exec rake yard. If your changes are not 100% documented, go back to step 8. - Add, commit, and push your changes.
- Submit a pull request.
This library aims to support and is tested against the following Ruby implementations:
If something doesn't work on one of these interpreters, it should be considered a bug.
This library may inadvertently work (or seem to work) on other Ruby implementations, however support will only be provided for the versions listed above.
If you would like this library to support another Ruby version, you may volunteer to be a maintainer. Being a maintainer entails making sure all tests run and pass on that implementation. When something breaks on your implementation, you will be personally responsible for providing patches in a timely fashion. If critical issues for a particular implementation exist at the time of a major release, support for that Ruby version may be dropped.
Copyright (c) 2006-2012 John Nunemaker, Wynn Netherland, Erik Michaels-Ober, Steve Richert. See LICENSE for details.