plot.py

from itertools import groupby
import numpy as np

import param

from bokeh.models import (ColumnDataSource, VBox, HBox, Column, Div)
from bokeh.models.widgets import Panel, Tabs

from ...core import (OrderedDict, CompositeOverlay, Store, Layout, GridMatrix,
                     AdjointLayout, NdLayout, Empty, GridSpace, HoloMap)
from ...core import traversal
from ...core.options import Compositor, SkipRendering
from ...core.util import basestring, wrap_tuple, unique_iterator
from ...element import Histogram
from ..plot import (DimensionedPlot, GenericCompositePlot, GenericLayoutPlot,
                    GenericElementPlot)
from ..util import get_dynamic_mode, initialize_sampled
from .renderer import BokehRenderer
from .util import (bokeh_version, layout_padding, pad_plots,
                   filter_toolboxes, make_axis)

if bokeh_version >= '0.12':
    from bokeh.layouts import gridplot
else:
    from bokeh.models import GridPlot as BokehGridPlot
from bokeh.plotting.helpers import _known_tools as known_tools

TOOLS = {name: tool if isinstance(tool, basestring) else type(tool())
         for name, tool in known_tools.items()}


class BokehPlot(DimensionedPlot):
    """
    Plotting baseclass for the Bokeh backends, implementing the basic
    plotting interface for Bokeh based plots.
    """

    width = param.Integer(default=300, doc="""
        Width of the plot in pixels""")

    height = param.Integer(default=300, doc="""
        Height of the plot in pixels""")

    shared_datasource = param.Boolean(default=True, doc="""
        Whether Elements drawing the data from the same object should
        share their Bokeh data source allowing for linked brushing
        and other linked behaviors.""")

    title_format = param.String(default="{label} {group} {dimensions}", doc="""
        The formatting string for the title of this plot, allows defining
        a label group separator and dimension labels.""")

    backend = 'bokeh'

    @property
    def document(self):
        return self._document


    @document.setter
    def document(self, doc):
        self._document = doc
        if self.subplots:
            for plot in self.subplots.values():
                plot.document = doc


    def __init__(self, *args, **params):
        super(BokehPlot, self).__init__(*args, **params)
        self._document = None
        self.root = None


    def get_data(self, element, ranges=None, empty=False):
        """
        Returns the data from an element in the appropriate format for
        initializing or updating a ColumnDataSource and a dictionary
        which maps the expected keywords arguments of a glyph to
        the column in the datasource.
        """
        raise NotImplementedError


    def push(self):
        """
        Pushes updated plot data via the Comm.
        """
        if self.renderer.mode == 'server':
            return
        if self.comm is None:
            raise Exception('Renderer does not have a comm.')
        diff = self.renderer.diff(self)
        self.comm.send(diff)


    def set_root(self, root):
        """
        Sets the current document on all subplots.
        """
        for plot in self.traverse(lambda x: x):
            plot.root = root


    def _init_datasource(self, data):
        """
        Initializes a data source to be passed into the bokeh glyph.
        """
        return ColumnDataSource(data=data)


    def _update_datasource(self, source, data):
        """
        Update datasource with data for a new frame.
        """
        source.data.update(data)

    @property
    def state(self):
        """
        The plotting state that gets updated via the update method and
        used by the renderer to generate output.
        """
        return self.handles['plot']


    @property
    def current_handles(self):
        """
        Should return a list of plot objects that have changed and
        should be updated.
        """
        return []


    def _fontsize(self, key, label='fontsize', common=True):
        """
        Converts integer fontsizes to a string specifying
        fontsize in pt.
        """
        size = super(BokehPlot, self)._fontsize(key, label, common)
        return {k: v if isinstance(v, basestring) else '%spt' % v
                for k, v in size.items()}


    def sync_sources(self):
        """
        Syncs data sources between Elements, which draw data
        from the same object.
        """
        get_sources = lambda x: (id(x.current_frame.data), x)
        filter_fn = lambda x: (x.shared_datasource and x.current_frame and
                               not isinstance(x.current_frame.data, np.ndarray)
                               and 'source' in x.handles)
        data_sources = self.traverse(get_sources, [filter_fn])
        grouped_sources = groupby(sorted(data_sources, key=lambda x: x[0]), lambda x: x[0])
        for _, group in grouped_sources:
            group = list(group)
            if len(group) > 1:
                source_data = {}
                for _, plot in group:
                    source_data.update(plot.handles['source'].data)
                new_source = ColumnDataSource(source_data)
                for _, plot in group:
                    renderer = plot.handles.get('glyph_renderer')
                    if renderer is None:
                        continue
                    elif 'data_source' in renderer.properties():
                        renderer.update(data_source=new_source)
                    else:
                        renderer.update(source=new_source)
                    plot.handles['source'] = new_source



class CompositePlot(BokehPlot):
    """
    CompositePlot is an abstract baseclass for plot types that draw
    render multiple axes. It implements methods to add an overall title
    to such a plot.
    """

    fontsize = param.Parameter(default={'title': '16pt'}, allow_None=True,  doc="""
       Specifies various fontsizes of the displayed text.

       Finer control is available by supplying a dictionary where any
       unmentioned keys reverts to the default sizes, e.g:

          {'title': '15pt'}""")

    _title_template = "<span style='font-size: {fontsize}'><b>{title}</b></font>"

    _merged_tools = ['pan', 'box_zoom', 'box_select', 'lasso_select',
                     'poly_select', 'ypan', 'xpan']

    def _update_callbacks(self, plot):
        """
        Iterates over all subplots and updates existing CustomJS
        callbacks with models that were replaced when compositing subplots
        into a CompositePlot
        """
        subplots = self.traverse(lambda x: x, [GenericElementPlot])
        merged_tools = {t: list(plot.select({'type': TOOLS[t]}))
                        for t in self._merged_tools}
        for subplot in subplots:
            for cb in subplot.callbacks:
                for c in cb.callbacks:
                    for tool, objs in merged_tools.items():
                        if tool in c.args and objs:
                            c.args[tool] = objs[0]


    def _get_title(self, key):
        title_div = None
        title = self._format_title(key) if self.show_title else ''
        if title:
            fontsize = self._fontsize('title')
            title_tags = self._title_template.format(title=title,
                                                     **fontsize)
            if 'title' in self.handles:
                title_div = self.handles['title']
            else:
                title_div = Div()
            title_div.text = title_tags
        return title_div

    @property
    def current_handles(self):
        """
        Should return a list of plot objects that have changed and
        should be updated.
        """
        return [self.handles['title']] if 'title' in self.handles else []



class GridPlot(CompositePlot, GenericCompositePlot):
    """
    Plot a group of elements in a grid layout based on a GridSpace element
    object.
    """

    axis_offset = param.Integer(default=50, doc="""
        Number of pixels to adjust row and column widths and height by
        to compensate for shared axes.""")

    fontsize = param.Parameter(default={'title': '16pt'},
                               allow_None=True,  doc="""
       Specifies various fontsizes of the displayed text.

       Finer control is available by supplying a dictionary where any
       unmentioned keys reverts to the default sizes, e.g:

          {'title': '15pt'}""")

    shared_xaxis = param.Boolean(default=False, doc="""
        If enabled the x-axes of the GridSpace will be drawn from the
        objects inside the Grid rather than the GridSpace dimensions.""")

    shared_yaxis = param.Boolean(default=False, doc="""
        If enabled the x-axes of the GridSpace will be drawn from the
        objects inside the Grid rather than the GridSpace dimensions.""")

    xaxis = param.ObjectSelector(default=True,
                                 objects=['bottom', 'top', None, True, False], doc="""
        Whether and where to display the xaxis, supported options are
        'bottom', 'top' and None.""")

    yaxis = param.ObjectSelector(default=True,
                                 objects=['left', 'right', None, True, False], doc="""
        Whether and where to display the yaxis, supported options are
        'left', 'right' and None.""")

    xrotation = param.Integer(default=0, bounds=(0, 360), doc="""
        Rotation angle of the xticks.""")

    yrotation = param.Integer(default=0, bounds=(0, 360), doc="""
        Rotation angle of the yticks.""")

    plot_size = param.Integer(default=120, doc="""
        Defines the width and height of each plot in the grid""")

    def __init__(self, layout, ranges=None, layout_num=1, **params):
        if not isinstance(layout, GridSpace):
            raise Exception("GridPlot only accepts GridSpace.")
        super(GridPlot, self).__init__(layout=layout, layout_num=layout_num,
                                       ranges=ranges, **params)
        self.cols, self.rows = layout.shape
        self.subplots, self.layout = self._create_subplots(layout, ranges)


    def _create_subplots(self, layout, ranges):
        layout = layout.map(Compositor.collapse_element, [CompositeOverlay],
                            clone=False)

        subplots = OrderedDict()
        frame_ranges = self.compute_ranges(layout, None, ranges)
        frame_ranges = OrderedDict([(key, self.compute_ranges(layout, key, frame_ranges))
                                    for key in self.keys])
        collapsed_layout = layout.clone(shared_data=False, id=layout.id)
        for i, coord in enumerate(layout.keys(full_grid=True)):
            r = i % self.rows
            c = i // self.rows

            if not isinstance(coord, tuple): coord = (coord,)
            view = layout.data.get(coord, None)
            # Create subplot
            if view is not None:
                vtype = view.type if isinstance(view, HoloMap) else view.__class__
                opts = self.lookup_options(view, 'plot').options
            else:
                vtype = None

            # Create axes
            offset = self.axis_offset
            kwargs = {}
            if c == 0 and r != 0:
                kwargs['xaxis'] = None
                kwargs['width'] = self.plot_size+offset
            if c != 0 and r == 0:
                kwargs['yaxis'] = None
                kwargs['height'] = self.plot_size+offset
            if c == 0 and r == 0:
                kwargs['width'] = self.plot_size+offset
                kwargs['height'] = self.plot_size+offset
            if r != 0 and c != 0:
                kwargs['xaxis'] = None
                kwargs['yaxis'] = None

            if 'width' not in kwargs or not self.shared_yaxis:
                kwargs['width'] = self.plot_size
            if 'height' not in kwargs or not self.shared_xaxis:
                kwargs['height'] = self.plot_size
            if 'border' not in kwargs:
                kwargs['border'] = 3

            kwargs['show_legend'] = False

            if not self.shared_xaxis:
                kwargs['xaxis'] = None

            if not self.shared_yaxis:
                kwargs['yaxis'] = None

            if isinstance(layout, GridMatrix):
                if view.traverse(lambda x: x, [Histogram]):
                    kwargs['shared_axes'] = False

            # Create subplot
            plotting_class = Store.registry[self.renderer.backend].get(vtype, None)
            if plotting_class is None:
                if view is not None:
                    self.warning("Bokeh plotting class for %s type not found, "
                                 "object will not be rendered." % vtype.__name__)
            else:
                subplot = plotting_class(view, dimensions=self.dimensions,
                                         show_title=False, subplot=True,
                                         renderer=self.renderer,
                                         ranges=frame_ranges, uniform=self.uniform,
                                         keys=self.keys, **dict(opts, **kwargs))
                collapsed_layout[coord] = (subplot.layout
                                           if isinstance(subplot, GenericCompositePlot)
                                           else subplot.hmap)
                subplots[coord] = subplot
        return subplots, collapsed_layout


    def initialize_plot(self, ranges=None, plots=[]):
        ranges = self.compute_ranges(self.layout, self.keys[-1], None)
        passed_plots = list(plots)
        plots = [[None for c in range(self.cols)] for r in range(self.rows)]
        for i, coord in enumerate(self.layout.keys(full_grid=True)):
            r = i % self.rows
            c = i // self.rows
            subplot = self.subplots.get(wrap_tuple(coord), None)
            if subplot is not None:
                plot = subplot.initialize_plot(ranges=ranges, plots=passed_plots)
                plots[r][c] = plot
                passed_plots.append(plot)
            else:
                passed_plots.append(None)

        if bokeh_version < '0.12':
            plot = BokehGridPlot(children=plots[::-1])
        else:
            plot = gridplot(plots[::-1])
        
        plot = self._make_axes(plot)

        title = self._get_title(self.keys[-1])
        if title:
            plot = Column(title, plot)
            self.handles['title'] = title

        self._update_callbacks(plot)
        self.handles['plot'] = plot
        self.handles['plots'] = plots
        if self.shared_datasource:
            self.sync_sources()
        self.drawn = True

        return self.handles['plot']


    def _make_axes(self, plot):
        width, height = self.renderer.get_size(plot)
        x_axis, y_axis = None, None
        if self.xaxis:
            flip = self.shared_xaxis
            rotation = self.xrotation
            lsize = self._fontsize('xlabel').get('fontsize')
            tsize = self._fontsize('xticks', common=False).get('fontsize')
            xfactors = list(unique_iterator(self.layout.dimension_values(0)))
            x_axis = make_axis('x', width, xfactors, self.layout.kdims[0],
                               flip=flip, rotation=rotation, label_size=lsize,
                               tick_size=tsize)
        if self.yaxis and self.layout.ndims > 1:
            flip = self.shared_yaxis
            rotation = self.yrotation
            lsize = self._fontsize('ylabel').get('fontsize')
            tsize = self._fontsize('yticks', common=False).get('fontsize')
            yfactors = list(unique_iterator(self.layout.dimension_values(1)))
            y_axis = make_axis('y', height, yfactors, self.layout.kdims[1],
                               flip=flip, rotation=rotation, label_size=lsize,
                               tick_size=tsize)
        if x_axis and y_axis:
            plot = filter_toolboxes(plot)
            r1, r2 = ([y_axis, plot], [None, x_axis])
            if self.shared_xaxis:
                r1, r2 = r2, r1
            if self.shared_yaxis:
                r1, r2 = r1[::-1], r2[::-1]
            models = layout_padding([r1, r2], self.renderer)
            plot = gridplot(models)
        elif y_axis:
            models = [y_axis, plot]
            if self.shared_yaxis: models = models[::-1]
            plot = Row(*models)
        elif x_axis:
            models = [plot, x_axis]
            if self.shared_xaxis: models = models[::-1]
            plot = Column(*models)
        return plot


    def update_frame(self, key, ranges=None):
        """
        Update the internal state of the Plot to represent the given
        key tuple (where integers represent frames). Returns this
        state.
        """
        ranges = self.compute_ranges(self.layout, key, ranges)
        for coord in self.layout.keys(full_grid=True):
            subplot = self.subplots.get(coord, None)
            if subplot is not None:
                subplot.update_frame(key, ranges)
        title = self._get_title(key)
        if title:
            self.handles['title']



class LayoutPlot(CompositePlot, GenericLayoutPlot):

    shared_axes = param.Boolean(default=True, doc="""
        Whether axes should be shared across plots""")

    shared_datasource = param.Boolean(default=False, doc="""
        Whether Elements drawing the data from the same object should
        share their Bokeh data source allowing for linked brushing
        and other linked behaviors.""")

    tabs = param.Boolean(default=False, doc="""
        Whether to display overlaid plots in separate panes""")

    def __init__(self, layout, **params):
        super(LayoutPlot, self).__init__(layout, **params)
        self.layout, self.subplots, self.paths = self._init_layout(layout)


    def _init_layout(self, layout):
        # Situate all the Layouts in the grid and compute the gridspec
        # indices for all the axes required by each LayoutPlot.
        layout_count = 0
        collapsed_layout = layout.clone(shared_data=False, id=layout.id)
        frame_ranges = self.compute_ranges(layout, None, None)
        frame_ranges = OrderedDict([(key, self.compute_ranges(layout, key, frame_ranges))
                                    for key in self.keys])
        layout_items = layout.grid_items()
        layout_dimensions = layout.kdims if isinstance(layout, NdLayout) else None
        layout_subplots, layouts, paths = {}, {}, {}
        for r, c in self.coords:
            # Get view at layout position and wrap in AdjointLayout
            key, view = layout_items.get((c, r) if self.transpose else (r, c), (None, None))
            view = view if isinstance(view, AdjointLayout) else AdjointLayout([view])
            layouts[(r, c)] = view
            paths[r, c] = key

            # Compute the layout type from shape
            layout_lens = {1:'Single', 2:'Dual', 3: 'Triple'}
            layout_type = layout_lens.get(len(view), 'Single')

            # Get the AdjoinLayout at the specified coordinate
            positions = AdjointLayoutPlot.layout_dict[layout_type]['positions']

            # Create temporary subplots to get projections types
            # to create the correct subaxes for all plots in the layout
            layout_key, _ = layout_items.get((r, c), (None, None))
            if isinstance(layout, NdLayout) and layout_key:
                layout_dimensions = OrderedDict(zip(layout_dimensions, layout_key))

            # Generate the axes and create the subplots with the appropriate
            # axis objects, handling any Empty objects.
            obj = layouts[(r, c)]
            empty = isinstance(obj.main, Empty)
            if empty:
                obj = AdjointLayout([])
            else:
                layout_count += 1
            subplot_data = self._create_subplots(obj, positions,
                                                 layout_dimensions, frame_ranges,
                                                 num=0 if empty else layout_count)
            subplots, adjoint_layout = subplot_data

            # Generate the AdjointLayoutsPlot which will coordinate
            # plotting of AdjointLayouts in the larger grid
            plotopts = self.lookup_options(view, 'plot').options
            layout_plot = AdjointLayoutPlot(adjoint_layout, layout_type, subplots, **plotopts)
            layout_subplots[(r, c)] = layout_plot
            if layout_key:
                collapsed_layout[layout_key] = adjoint_layout
        return collapsed_layout, layout_subplots, paths


    def _create_subplots(self, layout, positions, layout_dimensions, ranges, num=0):
        """
        Plot all the views contained in the AdjointLayout Object using axes
        appropriate to the layout configuration. All the axes are
        supplied by LayoutPlot - the purpose of the call is to
        invoke subplots with correct options and styles and hide any
        empty axes as necessary.
        """
        subplots = {}
        adjoint_clone = layout.clone(shared_data=False, id=layout.id)
        main_plot = None
        for pos in positions:
            # Pos will be one of 'main', 'top' or 'right' or None
            element = layout.get(pos, None)
            if element is None:
                continue

            subplot_opts = dict(adjoined=main_plot)
            # Options common for any subplot
            vtype = element.type if isinstance(element, HoloMap) else element.__class__
            plot_type = Store.registry[self.renderer.backend].get(vtype, None)
            plotopts = self.lookup_options(element, 'plot').options
            side_opts = {}
            if pos != 'main':
                plot_type = AdjointLayoutPlot.registry.get(vtype, plot_type)
                if pos == 'right':
                    yaxis = 'right-bare' if 'bare' in plot_type.yaxis else 'right'
                    side_opts = dict(height=main_plot.height, yaxis=yaxis,
                                     width=plot_type.width, invert_axes=True,
                                     labelled=['y'], xticks=1, xaxis=main_plot.xaxis)
                else:
                    xaxis = 'top-bare' if 'bare' in plot_type.xaxis else 'top'
                    side_opts = dict(width=main_plot.width, xaxis=xaxis,
                                     height=plot_type.height, labelled=['x'],
                                     yticks=1, yaxis=main_plot.yaxis)

            # Override the plotopts as required
            # Customize plotopts depending on position.
            plotopts = dict(side_opts, **plotopts)
            plotopts.update(subplot_opts)

            if plot_type is None:
                self.warning("Bokeh plotting class for %s type not found, object will "
                             "not be rendered." % vtype.__name__)
                continue
            num = num if len(self.coords) > 1 else 0
            subplot = plot_type(element, keys=self.keys,
                                dimensions=self.dimensions,
                                layout_dimensions=layout_dimensions,
                                ranges=ranges, subplot=True,
                                uniform=self.uniform, layout_num=num,
                                renderer=self.renderer,
                                **dict({'shared_axes': self.shared_axes},
                                       **plotopts))
            subplots[pos] = subplot
            if isinstance(plot_type, type) and issubclass(plot_type, GenericCompositePlot):
                adjoint_clone[pos] = subplots[pos].layout
            else:
                adjoint_clone[pos] = subplots[pos].hmap
            if pos == 'main':
                main_plot = subplot

        return subplots, adjoint_clone


    def initialize_plot(self, plots=None, ranges=None):
        ranges = self.compute_ranges(self.layout, self.keys[-1], None)
        passed_plots = [] if plots is None else plots
        plots = [[] for _ in range(self.rows)]
        tab_titles = {}
        insert_rows, insert_cols = [], []
        adjoined = False
        for r, c in self.coords:
            subplot = self.subplots.get((r, c), None)
            if subplot is not None:
                shared_plots = passed_plots if self.shared_axes else None
                subplots = subplot.initialize_plot(ranges=ranges, plots=shared_plots)

                # Computes plotting offsets depending on
                # number of adjoined plots
                offset = sum(r >= ir for ir in insert_rows)
                if len(subplots) > 2:
                    adjoined = True
                    # Add pad column in this position
                    insert_cols.append(c)
                    if r not in insert_rows:
                        # Insert and pad marginal row if none exists
                        plots.insert(r+offset, [None for _ in range(len(plots[r]))])
                        # Pad previous rows
                        for ir in range(r):
                            plots[ir].insert(c+1, None)
                        # Add to row offset
                        insert_rows.append(r)
                        offset += 1
                    # Add top marginal
                    plots[r+offset-1] += [subplots.pop(-1), None]
                elif len(subplots) > 1:
                    adjoined = True
                    # Add pad column in this position
                    insert_cols.append(c)
                    # Pad previous rows
                    for ir in range(r):
                        plots[r].insert(c+1, None)
                    # Pad top marginal if one exists
                    if r in insert_rows:
                        plots[r+offset-1] += 2*[None]
                else:
                    # Pad top marginal if one exists
                    if r in insert_rows:
                        plots[r+offset-1] += [None] * (1+(c in insert_cols))
                plots[r+offset] += subplots
                if len(subplots) == 1 and c in insert_cols:
                    plots[r+offset].append(None)
                passed_plots.append(subplots[0])

            if self.tabs:
                if isinstance(self.layout, Layout):
                    tab_titles[r, c] = ' '.join(self.paths[r,c])
                else:
                    dim_vals = zip(self.layout.kdims, self.paths[r, c])
                    tab_titles[r, c] = ', '.join([d.pprint_value_string(k)
                                                  for d, k in dim_vals])

        # Replace None types with empty plots
        # to avoid bokeh bug
        if adjoined:
            plots = layout_padding(plots, self.renderer)

        # Wrap in appropriate layout model
        if self.tabs:
            panels = [Panel(child=child, title=str(tab_titles.get((r, c))))
                      for r, row in enumerate(plots)
                      for c, child in enumerate(row)
                      if child is not None]
            layout_plot = Tabs(tabs=panels)
        elif bokeh_version >= '0.12':
            plots = filter_toolboxes(plots)
            plots, width = pad_plots(plots)
            layout_plot = gridplot(children=plots, width=width)
        elif len(plots) == 1 and not adjoined:
            layout_plot = VBox(children=[HBox(children=plots[0])])
        elif len(plots[0]) == 1:
            layout_plot = VBox(children=[p[0] for p in plots])
        else:
            layout_plot = BokehGridPlot(children=plots)

        title = self._get_title(self.keys[-1])
        if title:
            self.handles['title'] = title
            layout_plot = Column(title, layout_plot)

        self._update_callbacks(layout_plot)
        self.handles['plot'] = layout_plot
        self.handles['plots'] = plots
        if self.shared_datasource:
            self.sync_sources()

        self.drawn = True

        return self.handles['plot']


    def update_frame(self, key, ranges=None):
        """
        Update the internal state of the Plot to represent the given
        key tuple (where integers represent frames). Returns this
        state.
        """
        ranges = self.compute_ranges(self.layout, key, ranges)
        for r, c in self.coords:
            subplot = self.subplots.get((r, c), None)
            if subplot is not None:
                subplot.update_frame(key, ranges)
        title = self._get_title(key)
        if title:
            self.handles['title'] = title



class AdjointLayoutPlot(BokehPlot):

    layout_dict = {'Single': {'positions': ['main']},
                   'Dual':   {'positions': ['main', 'right']},
                   'Triple': {'positions': ['main', 'right', 'top']}}

    registry = {}

    def __init__(self, layout, layout_type, subplots, **params):
        # The AdjointLayout ViewableElement object
        self.layout = layout
        # Type may be set to 'Embedded Dual' by a call it grid_situate
        self.layout_type = layout_type
        self.view_positions = self.layout_dict[self.layout_type]['positions']

        # The supplied (axes, view) objects as indexed by position
        super(AdjointLayoutPlot, self).__init__(subplots=subplots, **params)


    def initialize_plot(self, ranges=None, plots=[]):
        """
        Plot all the views contained in the AdjointLayout Object using axes
        appropriate to the layout configuration. All the axes are
        supplied by LayoutPlot - the purpose of the call is to
        invoke subplots with correct options and styles and hide any
        empty axes as necessary.
        """
        if plots is None: plots = []
        adjoined_plots = []
        for pos in ['main', 'right', 'top']:
            # Pos will be one of 'main', 'top' or 'right' or None
            subplot = self.subplots.get(pos, None)
            # If no view object or empty position, disable the axis
            if subplot:
                passed_plots = plots  + adjoined_plots
                adjoined_plots.append(subplot.initialize_plot(ranges=ranges, plots=passed_plots))
        self.drawn = True
        if not adjoined_plots: adjoined_plots = [None]
        return adjoined_plots


    def update_frame(self, key, ranges=None):
        plot = None
        for pos in ['main', 'right', 'top']:
            subplot = self.subplots.get(pos)
            if subplot is not None:
                plot = subplot.update_frame(key, ranges)
        return plot