Flask

Init

• mkdir <projectName> && cd $_

create and activate virtual env

• python3 -m venv venv

• . venv/bin/activate

install Flask

pip install Flask

create .flaskenv

FLASK_APP=app
FLASK_ENV=delelopment
FLASK_DEBUG=1

create .env

DB_USERNAME=
DB_PASSWORD=
MAIL_USERNAME=
MAIL_PASSWORD=
MAIL_DEFAULT_SENDER=

enable dotenv

pip install python-dotenv

Run

flask run

Database

mysql

create database zhihu;

config.py

HOSTNAME = '127.0.0.1'
PORT = '3306'
DATABASE = 'zhihu'
USERNAME = 'root'
PASSWORD = 'root'
DB_URI = f'mysql+pymysql://{USERNAME}:{PASSWORD}@{HOSTNAME}:{PORT}/{DATABASE}?charset=utf8'
SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI = DB_URI

- [flask-sqlalchemy](https://flask-sqlalchemy.palletsprojects.com/en/2.x/)

install dependency

pip install flask-sqlalchemy flask-migrate pymysql

init db

flask db init

migrate when update model

flask db migrate

create/update table in database

flask db upgrade

email

install Flask-Mail

pip install Flask-Mail

MAIL_SERVER = "smtp.qq.com"
MAIL_PORT = 465
MAIL_USE_TLS = False
MAIL_USE_SSL = True
MAIL_DEBUG = True
MAIL_USERNAME = os.environ.get('MAIL_USERNAME')
MAIL_PASSWORD = os.environ.get('MAIL_PASSWORD')
MAIL_DEFAULT_SENDER = os.environ.get('MAIL_DEFAULT_SENDER')

from flask_mail import Mail
mail = Mail()

mail.init_app(app)

install wtforms

pip install WTForms

example

from extensions import db
from datetime import datetime


class UserModel(db.Model):
    __tablename__ = 'user'
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
    username = db.Column(db.String(200), nullable=False, unique=True)
    email = db.Column(db.String(100), nullable=False, unique=True)
    password = db.Column(db.String(200), nullable=False)
    create_time = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=datetime.now)

CRUD

refer to code

how to use

• pip install -r requirements.txt
• flask db init
• flask db migrate
• flask db upgrade
• create .env and complete it
• flask run