GLOBIOM-LookupTable

Index

• Introduction
• Lookup-Table structure
• SDG scenario dimensions
• Regional aggregation
• Output variables
• Loading the table in R
• User guidelines

Introduction

This dataset provides a model emulation (so called "Lookup-Table") of the GLOBIOM-G4M models with respect to greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction potentials from agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU) and land based biomass potentials for bioenergy. The dataset represents a two dimensional scenario matrix combining different carbon price and biomass price trajectories for the Shared Socio-economic Pathway 2 (SSP2) and can be used in other models e.g. energy system models, to develop climate mitigation pathways that explicitly consider impacts/potentials from the land use sector.

Information on the GLOBIOM model can be found here. Detailed information on the GLOBIOM-G4M Lookup-Table structure and results are presented our paper 'Land based climate change mitigation potentials within the agenda for sustainable development' and the accompanying supplementary material.

For further questions please contact Stefan Frank

Lookup-Table structure

The Lookup-Table represents a combination of 7 biomass price and 12 GHG price trajectories that have been quantified in GLOBIOM-G4M, yielding in total 84 scenarios. The biomass price for bioenergy production (US$/GJ) and carbon price (US$/tCO₂eq) increase linearly from 2020 onwwards and reach their maximum in 2100. Prices range from 0 - 60 US$/GJ (BIO00, BIO03, BIO05, BIO08, BIO13, BIO30, and BIO60) and 0 - 3000 US$/tCO₂eq (GHG000, GHG010, GHG020, GHG050, GHG100, GHG200, GHG400, GHG600, GHG1000, GHG1500, GHG2000, and GHG3000). This approach allows to quantify supply functions where the supplied biomass quantity available for bioenergy is a function of the biomass price and conditional on a GHG price. Vice versa we quantify the cost-efficient AFOLU mitigation potential in the form of a marginal abatement cost curves (MACC) conditional on the biomass demand where the emission reduction is a function of the GHG price converted through global warming potential of the non-CO₂ gases to cover also methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions in addition to carbon dioxide (CO₂).

The biomass supply curves and MACCs are highly interdependent, for instance: a biomass price remunerating forest harvest for bioenergy may encourage additional afforestation. This will increase the carbon sink of the forest while at the same time providing more biomass for bioenergy production. The Lookup-Table represents a GLOBIOM-G4M model emulation and provides a comprehensive and detailed response surface for the land use sector that can also be used in other models to explicitly consider dynamics and interlinkages between biomass use and AFOLU emissions but also other important land use related indicators.

SDG scenario dimensions

The Lookup-Table has been quantified for two set of scenarios: with- (scenSDGs) and without (scenBASE) consideration of selected SDGs by 2030:

• SDG2 - represented by limiting undernourishment to 1%

• SDG6 - represented by respecting environmental water flow requirements for fresh water ecosystems protection

• SDG12 - represented by reducing livestock calorie intake in overconsuming countries through preference change to 430 kcal/capita/day and halving food waste

• SDG15 - represented by increasing the share of protected areas to 17% and avoiding conversion of biodiversity hot-spots

Regional aggregation

The Lookup-Table is provided for 5 world regions:

AFR – Middle East and Africa

ASIA – South, East, and South-East Asia

LAM – Latin and Central America

OECD – North America, Europe, Pacific OECD

REF – Russia, Ukraine and Former Soviet Union

and a higher resolution including 10 world regions:

Acronym	Region	Definition
CIS	Commonwealth of Independent States	Russia, Ukraine, Former Soviet Union countries
EAS	East Asia	China, South Korea, Japan
EUR	Europe	European Union, Rest of Europe
MAF	Middle East and North Africa	Middle East, Turkey, North Africa
NAM	North America	Canada, USA, Mexico, Rest of Central America
OCE	Oceania	Australia, New Zealand, Pacific Islands
SAM	South America	Argentina, Brazil, Rest of South America
SAS	South Asia	India, Rest of South Asia
SEA	South East Asia	Indonesia, Malaysia, Rest of South East Asia
SSA	Sub-Saharan Africa	South Africa, Eastern Africa, Southern Africa, Western Africa, Congo Basin

Output variables

The Lookup-Table contains results with respect to:

Variable	Unit	Definition
Land Cover | Cropland	million ha	Arable land including dedicated energy crops
Land Cover | Cropland | Irrigated	million ha	Irrigated arable land
Land Cover | Cropland | Energy Crops	million ha	Dedicated energy crops i.e. poplar, willow and miscanthus
Land Cover | Forest	million ha	Total forest area
Land Cover | Forest | Forestry	million ha	Managed forest area for material or energy use including afforestation
Land Cover | Forest | Natural Forest	million ha	Unmanaged forest area including reforestation
Land Cover | Forest | Afforestation and Reforestation	million ha	Afforested or reforested
Land Cover | Other Natural Land	million ha	Other natural vegetation e.g. savannah
Land Cover | Pasture	million ha	Pasture area
Emissions | CH4 | Land Use	Mt CH4/yr	Methane emissions from land use
Emissions | CH4 | Land Use | Agriculture	Mt CH4/yr	Methane emissions from agriculture
Emissions | CH4 | Land Use | Agriculture | Rice	Mt CH4/yr	Methane emissions from rice cultivation
Emissions | CH4 | Land Use | Agriculture | AWM	Mt CH4/yr	Methane emissions from manure management
Emissions | CH4 | Land Use | Agriculture | Enteric Fermentation	Mt CH4/yr	Methane emissions from enteric fermentation
Emissions | CH4 | Land Use | Agricultural Waste Burning	Mt CH4/yr	Methane emissions from crop residue burning
Emissions | CH4 | Land Use | Savannah Burning	Mt CH4/yr	Methane emissions from savannah burning
Emissions | CO2 | Land Use	Mt CO2/yr	Carbon dioxide emissions/removals from land use
Emissions | CO2 | Land Use | Afforestation	Mt CO2/yr	Carbon dioxide emissions/removals from afforestation and reforestation
Emissions | CO2 | Land Use | Deforestation	Mt CO2/yr	Carbon dioxide emissions from deforestation
Emissions | CO2 | Land Use | Forest Management	Mt CO2/yr	Carbon dioxide emissions/removals from forest management
Emissions | CO2 | Land Use | Other LUC	Mt CO2/yr	Carbon dioxide emissions/removals from other land use changes including establishment of dedicated energy crops
Emissions | N2O | Land Use	kt N2O/yr	Nitrous oxide emissions from land use
Emissions | N2O | Land Use | Agriculture	kt N2O/yr	Nitrous oxide emissions from agriculture
Emissions | N2O | Land Use | Agriculture | AWM	kt N2O/yr	Nitrous oxide emissions from manure management
Emissions | N2O | Land Use | Agriculture | Cropland Soils	kt N2O/yr	Nitrious oxide emissions from fertilizers & manure applied, crop residues and organic soils
Emissions | N2O | Land Use | Agriculture | Pasture	kt N2O/yr	Nitrious oxide emissions from manure dropped on pastures
Emissions | N2O | Land Use | Agricultural Waste Burning	kt N2O/yr	Nitrous oxide emissions from crop residue burning
Emissions | N2O | Land Use | Savannah Burning	kt N2O/yr	Nitrous oxide emissions from savannah burning
Price | Primary Energy | Biomass	US$2000/GJ	Biomass price for bioenergy use
Price | Agriculture | Non-Energy Crops and Livestock | Index	Index (2005 = 1)	Price index for crop- and livestock products
Price | Agriculture | Non-Energy Crops | Index	Index (2005 = 1)	Crop price index
Water | Withdrawal | Irrigation	million m3/yr	Irrigation water use
Fertilizer Use | Nitrogen	Tg N/yr	Nitrogen fertilizer use
Fertilizer Use | Phosphorus	Tg P/yr	Phosphorus fertilizer use
Agricultural Demand	million t DM/yr	Total agricultural demand
Agricultural Demand | Food	million t DM/yr	Food demand
Agricultural Demand | Food | Crops	million t DM/yr	Food demand crops
Agricultural Demand | Food | Livestock	million t DM/yr	Food demand livestock
Agricultural Demand | Non-Food	million t DM/yr	Demand for other industrial uses
Agricultural Demand | Non-Food | Crops	million t DM/yr	Demand for other industrial uses crops
Agricultural Demand | Non-Food | Livestock	million t DM/yr	Demand for other industrial uses livestock
Agricultural Demand | Feed	million t DM/yr	Feed demand
Agricultural Demand | Feed | Crops	million t DM/yr	Feed demand crops
Agricultural Demand | Bioenergy	million t DM/yr	Bioenergy demand
Agricultural Demand | Bioenergy | 1st generation	million t DM/yr	Agricultural bioenergy demand from cereals, sugar crops and oilseeds
Agricultural Demand | Bioenergy | 2nd generation	million t DM/yr	Agricultural bioenergy demand from energy crops
Food Demand	kcal/cap/day	Food consumption
Food Demand | Crops	kcal/cap/day	Food consumption crops
Food Demand | Livestock	kcal/cap/day	Food consumption livestock
Agricultural Production	million t DM/yr	Agricultural production
Agricultural Production | Livestock	million t DM/yr	Agricultural production livestock
Agricultural Production | Non-Energy Crops	million t DM/yr	Agricultural production non-energy crops
Agricultural Production | Energy Crops	million t DM/yr	Agricultural production energy crops
Forestry Production | Forest Residues	million t DM/yr	Forestry production logging residues
Forestry Demand | Roundwood	million m3/yr	Forestry demand total roundwood for material and energy use
Forestry Demand | Roundwood | Wood Fuel	million m3/yr	Forestry demand fuelwood for energy use
Forestry Demand | Roundwood | Industrial Roundwood	million m3/yr	Forestry demand industrial roundwood for material and energy use
Forestry Production | Roundwood	million m3/yr	Forestry production total roundwood for material and energy use
Forestry Production | Roundwood | Wood Fuel	million m3/yr	Forestry production fuelwood for energy use
Forestry Production | Roundwood | Industrial Roundwood	million m3/yr	Forestry production industrial roundwood for material and energy use
Price | Carbon	US$2000/tCO2eq	Carbon price on CO2, N2O, and CH4 emissions
Primary Energy | Biomass	EJ/yr	Total biomass potential for bioenergy
Primary Energy | Biomass | Energy Crops	EJ/yr	Biomass potential for bioenergy from energy crops
Primary Energy | Biomass | Roundwood harvest	EJ/yr	Biomass potential for bioenergy from roundwood harvest
Primary Energy | Biomass | Logging residues	EJ/yr	Biomass potential for bioenergy from forest logging residues
Primary Energy | Biomass | Forest industry residues	EJ/yr	Biomass potential for bioenergy from forest industry residues
Primary Energy | Biomass | Fuelwood	EJ/yr	Biomass potential for bioenergy from fuelwood
Primary Energy | Biomass | Other Solid	EJ/yr	Biomass potential for bioenergy from other sources

Loading the table in R

To load the table in R as a tibble and transform it to tidy data, use the following lines of code:

library(tidyverse)
dat <- read_csv("globiom_g4m_lookuptable.csv")
dat <- pivot_longer(dat, cols=as.character(seq(2000, 2100, by=10)), names_to="Year")

User guidelines

The Lookup-Table dataset is free to use under the CC BY 4.0 licence. Please cite our paper when using the dataset.

Frank S, Gusti M, Havlík P, Lauri P, DiFulvio F, Forsell N, Hasegawa T, Krisztin T, Palazzo A, and Valin H (2021). Land based climate change mitigation potentials within the agenda for sustainable development. Environmental Research Letters. Volume 16(2)024006.