Git-Commands

Git commands And Github

Command	Description
git --version	To check git version
ls -a	list all files with hidden files or folder
git config --global user.name {"username"}	to set user name in local git
git config --global user.email {"email"}	to set user email in local git
git config --list	show all Git config properties throughout all the variously scoped Git files

Command	Description
git init	to create empty git repository folder
git status	to check status of files

status-untracked : created new files that git does not track

status-modified : files modified which are commited track files

status-staged : files ready to commit from stage

status-unmodified : not modified any file

Command	Description
git clone {Github_Repo_URL}	to copy GitHub file to local pc
git clone ssh://git@github.com/[username]/[repository-name].git	Create a local copy of a remote repository

Command	Description
git add {file_name}	to add file in stage from working directory.
git add .	to add all files in stage from working directory.
git add -A	Add all new and changed files to the staging area

Command	Description
git commit -m “{Message for Changes}”	to commit files from the stage into local directory.
git rm -r {file-name}	Remove a file (or folder)

Command	Description
git remote add origin {Github_Repo_URL}	to set GitHub repository as origin to push
git remote -v	to check remote origin

Command	Description
git push origin {branch_name}	to push committed files to origin branch of remote Github.
git push -u origin {branch_name}	to push committed files to origin branch of remote Github. ‘-u ’ to remember branch so next time we can omit ' origin branchname ' . we just use git push.
git push	to push committed file to remembered origin branch

Command	Description
git pull	update local repository to newest commit
git pull origin {branch_name}	Update local repository from modified remote github repository.

Master branch is default branch in local git

Main branch is default branch in remote GitHub repository

Command	Description
git branch	to check branches (asterisk denotes the current branch)
git branch -a	to check all branches local and remote.
git branch {branch_name}	to create new branch
git checkout -b {branch_name}	to create new branch and switch to it
git branch -d {branch_name}	to delete branch
git push origin –delete {branch_name}	to delete remote branch
git branch -m {old_branch_name} {new_branch_name}	to rename local branch
git branch -m {new_branch_name}	to rename current branch
git checkout {branch_name}	to switch to branch
git checkout -	to switch to last checked out branch

Command	Description
git diff	to compare working file with stage file
git diff --staged	to compare staged file with last commited file
git diff {source_branch} {target_branch}	Preview changes before merge

Command	Description
git log	to check all commited logs.
git log --summary	to check all logs in details.
git log --outline	to check all logs in briefly.

Command	Description
git checkout {commit_ID}	to get committed file using commit id.
git checkout {file_name}	to get last committed file.

Command	Description
git checkout -f	to recover all commited files.

Command	Description
git merge {branch_name}	to merge branch to current branch
git merge {source_branch} {target_branch}	to source branch into target branch

Command	Description
git reset {file_name}	reset staged file to commited file.
git reset	to reset multiple staged files to commited files.
git reset HEAD~1	set head to second last commited.
git reset {commit_ID}	set head to specific commited ID.
git reset --hard {commit_ID}	set head to specific commited ID and reflects in file.

Fork repository and make a pull request on GitHub :

Steps:

• Fork the repository

• Clone your fork

• Create a new branch

• Make changes

• Commit changes

• Push to GitHub

• Create a pull request

1. Fork the Repository

If you don't have write access to the repository, you'll need to fork it.
1.	Go to the repository page on GitHub.
2.	Click the "Fork" button at the top right of the page. This will create a copy of the repository under your GitHub account.

2. Clone the Repository

Clone the forked repository to your local machine.
    git clone https://github.com/YOUR-USERNAME/REPOSITORY-NAME.git
    cd REPOSITORY-NAME

3. Create a New Branch

Create a new branch for your changes.
    git checkout -b my-feature-branch

4. Make Your Changes

Edit, add, or remove files in your local repository as needed.

5. Commit Your Changes

Commit your changes with a meaningful commit message.
    git add .
    git commit -m "Description of changes"

6. Push Your Changes

Push your changes to your forked repository on GitHub.
    git push origin my-feature-branch

7. Create a Pull Request

1.	Go to the original repository on GitHub.
2.	Click the "Pull requests" tab.
3.	Click the "New pull request" button.
4.	Select the branch you pushed your changes to (e.g., my-feature-branch) from your forked repository.
5.	Compare it with the base branch of the original repository (usually main or master).
6.	Review the changes to ensure everything is correct.
7.	Add a title and description for your pull request.
8.	Click the "Create pull request" button.

8. Address Feedback

The repository maintainers may request changes or ask questions about your pull request. Be prepared to make additional commits to your branch to address this feedback.