[JENKINS-70240] fix for non http based URLs in PluginManager.doCheckUpdateSiteUrl

[jtnord]

update sites are not restricted to just http/https file based ones are also common.
Add support for file based url schemes in the doCheck to avoid an angry jenkins.

code will return a FormValidation error in the case an unsupported scheme is now used rather than an angry jenkins.
Update the help and translations.

subsumes #7520

See JENKINS-70240.

TODO: fix up stupid code charset mangling, and Manual dev testing still to be performed. (by the author)

Testing done

Proposed changelog entries

• Prevent Angry Jenkins when checking a non http(s) based update center URL.

Proposed upgrade guidelines

N/A

Submitter checklist

• The Jira issue, if it exists, is well-described.
• The changelog entries and upgrade guidelines are appropriate for the audience affected by the change (users or developers, depending on the change) and are in the imperative mood (see examples).
  • Fill in the Proposed upgrade guidelines section only if there are breaking changes or changes that may require extra steps from users during upgrade.
• There is automated testing or an explanation as to why this change has no tests.
• New public classes, fields, and methods are annotated with @Restricted or have @since TODO Javadocs, as appropriate.
• New deprecations are annotated with @Deprecated(since = "TODO") or @Deprecated(forRemoval = true, since = "TODO"), if applicable.
• New or substantially changed JavaScript is not defined inline and does not call eval to ease future introduction of Content Security Policy (CSP) directives (see documentation).
• For dependency updates, there are links to external changelogs and, if possible, full differentials.
• For new APIs and extension points, there is a link to at least one consumer.

Desired reviewers

@mention

Maintainer checklist

Before the changes are marked as ready-for-merge:

• There are at least two (2) approvals for the pull request and no outstanding requests for change.
• Conversations in the pull request are over, or it is explicit that a reviewer is not blocking the change.
• Changelog entries in the pull request title and/or Proposed changelog entries are accurate, human-readable, and in the imperative mood.
• Proper changelog labels are set so that the changelog can be generated automatically.
• If the change needs additional upgrade steps from users, the upgrade-guide-needed label is set and there is a Proposed upgrade guidelines section in the pull request title (see example).
• If it would make sense to backport the change to LTS, a Jira issue must exist, be a Bug or Improvement, and be labeled as lts-candidate to be considered (see query).

[basil]

Code looks good to me; I fixed up the localizations and verified the new automated test passes.

[NotMyFault]

/label ready-for-merge

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This PR is now ready for merge. We will merge it after ~24 hours if there is no negative feedback.
Please see the merge process documentation for more information about the merge process.
Thanks!