You can view and download this file on Github: slidercrankWithMassSpring.py
#+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
# This is an EXUDYN example
#
# Details: Slider crank with additional mass and spring (flexible slidercrank);
# Example of paper Arnold, Brüls, 2007, Convergence of the generalized-[alpha] scheme for constrained mechanical systems, Multibody System Dynamics
#
# Author: Johannes Gerstmayr
# Date: 2019-12-28
#
# Copyright:This file is part of Exudyn. Exudyn is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the Exudyn license. See 'LICENSE.txt' for more details.
#
#+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
import exudyn as exu
from exudyn.itemInterface import *
from exudyn.utilities import *
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.ticker as ticker
SC = exu.SystemContainer()
mbs = SC.AddSystem()
useGraphics = True
nGround = mbs.AddNode(NodePointGround(referenceCoordinates=[0,0,0])) #ground node for coordinate constraint
mGround = mbs.AddMarker(MarkerNodeCoordinate(nodeNumber = nGround, coordinate=0)) #Ground node ==> no action
#++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
#floating body to mount slider-crank mechanism
#constrainGroundBody = True #use this flag to fix ground body
#graphics for floating frame:
gFloating = GraphicsDataRectangle(-0.25, -0.25, 0.8, 0.25, color=[0.95,0.95,0.95,1.])
#gFloating = GraphicsDataOrthoCube(-0.25, -0.25, -0.1, 0.8, 0.25, -0.05, color=[0.3,0.3,0.3,1.])
oGround = mbs.AddObject(ObjectGround(referencePosition=[0,0,0], visualization=VObjectGround(graphicsData=[gFloating])))
mG0 = mbs.AddMarker(MarkerBodyPosition(bodyNumber = oGround, localPosition=[0,0,0]))
#mFloatingN = mbs.AddMarker(MarkerBodyPosition(bodyNumber = floatingRB, localPosition=[0,0,0]))
#++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
#nodes and bodies
omega=2*pi/60*300 #3000 rpm
L1=0.3
L2=0.6
L3=0.2
s1=L1*0.5
s2=L2*0.5
m1=0.36
m2=0.15
m3=0.1
m4=0.7
M=1 #torque (default: 0.1)
#lambda=L1/L2
J1=(m1/12.)*L1**2*1e-10 #inertia w.r.t. center of mass
J2=(m2/12.)*L2**2*1e-10 #inertia w.r.t. center of mass
ty = 0.05 #thickness
tz = 0.05 #thickness
#graphics1 = GraphicsDataRectangle(-0.5*L1,-0.5*ty,0.5*L1,0.5*ty,color4steelblue)
#graphics1 = GraphicsDataOrthoCube(-0.5*L1,-0.5*ty,-tz,0.5*L1,0.5*ty,0,color4steelblue)
graphics1 = GraphicsDataRigidLink(p0=[-0.5*L1,0,-0.5*tz],p1=[0.5*L1,0,-0.5*tz],
axis0=[0,0,1], axis1=[0,0,1],radius=[0.5*ty,0.5*ty],
thickness=0.8*ty, width=[tz,tz], color=color4steelblue,nTiles=16)
#graphics2 = GraphicsDataRectangle(-0.5*L2,-0.5*ty,0.5*L2,0.5*ty,color4lightred)
#graphics2 = GraphicsDataOrthoCube(-0.5*L2,-0.5*ty,0,0.5*L2,0.5*ty,tz,color4lightred)
graphics2 = GraphicsDataRigidLink(p0=[-0.5*L2,0,0.5*tz],p1=[0.5*L2,0,0.5*tz],
axis0=[0,0,1], axis1=[0,0,1],radius=[0.5*ty,0.5*ty],
thickness=0.8*ty, width=[tz,tz], color=color4lightred,nTiles=16)
#crank:
nRigid1 = mbs.AddNode(Rigid2D(referenceCoordinates=[s1,0,0],
initialVelocities=[0,0,0]));
oRigid1 = mbs.AddObject(RigidBody2D(physicsMass=m1,
physicsInertia=J1,
nodeNumber=nRigid1,
visualization=VObjectRigidBody2D(graphicsData= [graphics1])))
#connecting rod:
nRigid2 = mbs.AddNode(Rigid2D(referenceCoordinates=[L1+s2,0,0],
initialVelocities=[0,0,0]));
oRigid2 = mbs.AddObject(RigidBody2D(physicsMass=m2,
physicsInertia=J2,
nodeNumber=nRigid2,
visualization=VObjectRigidBody2D(graphicsData= [graphics2])))
#++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
#slider:
c=0.025 #dimension of mass
graphics3 = GraphicsDataOrthoCube(-c,-c,-c*2,c,c,0,color4grey)
nMass3 = mbs.AddNode(Point2D(referenceCoordinates=[L1+L2,0]))
oMass3 = mbs.AddObject(MassPoint2D(physicsMass=m3, nodeNumber=nMass3,visualization=VObjectRigidBody2D(graphicsData= [graphics3])))
nMass4 = mbs.AddNode(Point2D(referenceCoordinates=[L1+L2+L3,0]))
oMass4 = mbs.AddObject(MassPoint2D(physicsMass=m4, nodeNumber=nMass4,visualization=VObjectRigidBody2D(graphicsData= [graphics3])))
#++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
#markers for joints:
mR1Left = mbs.AddMarker(MarkerBodyPosition(bodyNumber=oRigid1, localPosition=[-s1,0.,0.])) #support point # MUST be a rigidBodyMarker, because a torque is applied
mR1Right = mbs.AddMarker(MarkerBodyPosition(bodyNumber=oRigid1, localPosition=[ s1,0.,0.])) #end point; connection to connecting rod
mR2Left = mbs.AddMarker(MarkerBodyPosition(bodyNumber=oRigid2, localPosition=[-s2,0.,0.])) #connection to crank
mR2Right = mbs.AddMarker(MarkerBodyPosition(bodyNumber=oRigid2, localPosition=[ s2,0.,0.])) #end point; connection to slider
mMass3 = mbs.AddMarker(MarkerBodyPosition(bodyNumber=oMass3, localPosition=[ 0.,0.,0.]))
mMass4 = mbs.AddMarker(MarkerBodyPosition(bodyNumber=oMass4, localPosition=[ 0.,0.,0.]))
#++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
#joints:
mbs.AddObject(RevoluteJoint2D(markerNumbers=[mG0,mR1Left]))
mbs.AddObject(RevoluteJoint2D(markerNumbers=[mR1Right,mR2Left]))
mbs.AddObject(RevoluteJoint2D(markerNumbers=[mR2Right,mMass3]))
#++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
#markers for node constraints:
mNodeSliderX = mbs.AddMarker(MarkerNodeCoordinate(nodeNumber = nMass3, coordinate=0)) #y-coordinate is constrained
mNodeSliderY = mbs.AddMarker(MarkerNodeCoordinate(nodeNumber = nMass3, coordinate=1)) #y-coordinate is constrained
mNodeSliderX2= mbs.AddMarker(MarkerNodeCoordinate(nodeNumber = nMass4, coordinate=0)) #y-coordinate is constrained
mNodeSliderY2= mbs.AddMarker(MarkerNodeCoordinate(nodeNumber = nMass4, coordinate=1)) #y-coordinate is constrained
#coordinate constraints for slider (free motion in x-direction)
mbs.AddObject(CoordinateConstraint(markerNumbers=[mGround,mNodeSliderY]))
mbs.AddObject(CoordinateConstraint(markerNumbers=[mGround,mNodeSliderY2]))
#add spring between mass 3 and 4
mbs.AddObject(ObjectConnectorCoordinateSpringDamper(markerNumbers = [mNodeSliderX, mNodeSliderX2],
stiffness = 1000))
#+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
#loads and driving forces:
mRigid1CoordinateTheta = mbs.AddMarker(MarkerNodeCoordinate(nodeNumber = nRigid1, coordinate=2)) #angle coordinate is constrained
constraintCrankAngle = mbs.AddObject(CoordinateConstraint(markerNumbers=[mRigid1CoordinateTheta, mGround], offset = -1.*np.pi/2.))
mbs.AddLoad(LoadCoordinate(markerNumber=mRigid1CoordinateTheta, load = M)) #torque at crank
#++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
#assemble, adjust settings and start time integration
mbs.Assemble()
if useGraphics:
exu.StartRenderer()
#mbs.WaitForUserToContinue()
simulationSettings = exu.SimulationSettings() #takes currently set values or default values
initCrank = True
if initCrank:
#turn crank to 90° as enforced by constraintCrankAngle
mbs.SolveStatic(simulationSettings)
#use static solution as initial conditions for dynamic solution
currentState = mbs.systemData.GetSystemState()
mbs.systemData.SetSystemState(currentState, configuration=exu.ConfigurationType.Initial)
mbs.SetObjectParameter(constraintCrankAngle, 'activeConnector', False)
#mbs.WaitForUserToContinue()
h = 5e-3 #5e-3 in paper of Arnold and Bruls
T = 1
simulationSettings.timeIntegration.endTime = T #1s for test suite / error
simulationSettings.timeIntegration.numberOfSteps = int(T/h) #1000 steps for test suite/error
#simulationSettings.timeIntegration.newton.relativeTolerance = 1e-8 #10000
simulationSettings.timeIntegration.verboseMode = 1 #10000
simulationSettings.solutionSettings.solutionWritePeriod = 1e-3
#simulationSettings.timeIntegration.newton.useModifiedNewton = False
simulationSettings.timeIntegration.generalizedAlpha.spectralRadius = 0.6 #0.7 in paper of Arnold and Bruls
#++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
#solve index 2 / trapezoidal rule:
simulationSettings.timeIntegration.generalizedAlpha.useNewmark = False
simulationSettings.timeIntegration.generalizedAlpha.useIndex2Constraints = False
dSize = 0.02
SC.visualizationSettings.nodes.defaultSize = dSize
SC.visualizationSettings.markers.defaultSize = dSize
SC.visualizationSettings.bodies.defaultSize = [dSize]*3
SC.visualizationSettings.connectors.defaultSize = dSize
mbs.SolveDynamic(simulationSettings)
if useGraphics:
#+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
#animate solution
# mbs.WaitForUserToContinue
# fileName = 'coordinatesSolution.txt'
# solution = LoadSolutionFile('coordinatesSolution.txt')
# AnimateSolution(mbs, solution, 10, 0.025, True)
#+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
#SC.WaitForRenderEngineStopFlag()
exu.StopRenderer() #safely close rendering window!
u = mbs.GetNodeOutput(nMass4, exu.OutputVariableType.Position) #tip node
print('sol =', abs(u[0]))
solutionSliderCrank = abs(u[0]) #x-position of slider
print('solutionSliderCrankIndex2=',solutionSliderCrank)
plotResults = useGraphics#constrainGroundBody #comparison only works in case of fixed ground
if plotResults:
data = np.loadtxt('coordinatesSolution.txt', comments='#', delimiter=',')
vODE2=mbs.systemData.GetODE2Coordinates()
nODE2=len(vODE2) #number of ODE2 coordinates
nAngle = mbs.systemData.GetObjectLTGODE2(oRigid1)[2] #get coordinate index of angle
nM3 = mbs.systemData.GetObjectLTGODE2(oMass3)[0] #get X-coordinate of mass 4
nM4 = mbs.systemData.GetObjectLTGODE2(oMass4)[0] #get X-coordinate of mass 4
print("nAngle=", nAngle)
print("nM3=", nM3)
print("nM4=", nM4)
plt.plot(data[:,0], data[:,1+nAngle], 'b-') #plot angle of crank;
#plt.plot(data[:,0], data[:,1+nM3], 'g-') #Y position of mass 3
plt.plot(data[:,0], data[:,1+nM4], 'r-') #Y position of mass 4
ax=plt.gca() # get current axes
ax.grid(True, 'major', 'both')
ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(ticker.MaxNLocator(10)) #use maximum of 8 ticks on y-axis
ax.yaxis.set_major_locator(ticker.MaxNLocator(10)) #use maximum of 8 ticks on y-axis
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()