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Magic.py
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Magic.py
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""Magic functions for InteractiveShell.
"""
#*****************************************************************************
# Copyright (C) 2001 Janko Hauser <jhauser@zscout.de> and
# Copyright (C) 2001-2006 Fernando Perez <fperez@colorado.edu>
#
# Distributed under the terms of the BSD License. The full license is in
# the file COPYING, distributed as part of this software.
#*****************************************************************************
#****************************************************************************
# Modules and globals
# Python standard modules
import __builtin__
import __future__
import bdb
import inspect
import os
import pdb
import pydoc
import sys
import re
import tempfile
import time
import cPickle as pickle
import textwrap
from cStringIO import StringIO
from getopt import getopt,GetoptError
from pprint import pprint, pformat
# cProfile was added in Python2.5
try:
import cProfile as profile
import pstats
except ImportError:
# profile isn't bundled by default in Debian for license reasons
try:
import profile,pstats
except ImportError:
profile = pstats = None
# print_function was added to __future__ in Python2.6, remove this when we drop
# 2.5 compatibility
if not hasattr(__future__,'CO_FUTURE_PRINT_FUNCTION'):
__future__.CO_FUTURE_PRINT_FUNCTION = 65536
# Homebrewed
import IPython
from IPython import Debugger, OInspect, wildcard
from IPython.FakeModule import FakeModule
from IPython.Itpl import Itpl, itpl, printpl,itplns
from IPython.PyColorize import Parser
from IPython.ipstruct import Struct
from IPython.macro import Macro
from IPython.genutils import *
from IPython import platutils
import IPython.generics
import IPython.ipapi
from IPython.ipapi import UsageError
from IPython.testing import decorators as testdec
#***************************************************************************
# Utility functions
def on_off(tag):
"""Return an ON/OFF string for a 1/0 input. Simple utility function."""
return ['OFF','ON'][tag]
class Bunch: pass
def compress_dhist(dh):
head, tail = dh[:-10], dh[-10:]
newhead = []
done = set()
for h in head:
if h in done:
continue
newhead.append(h)
done.add(h)
return newhead + tail
#***************************************************************************
# Main class implementing Magic functionality
class Magic:
"""Magic functions for InteractiveShell.
Shell functions which can be reached as %function_name. All magic
functions should accept a string, which they can parse for their own
needs. This can make some functions easier to type, eg `%cd ../`
vs. `%cd("../")`
ALL definitions MUST begin with the prefix magic_. The user won't need it
at the command line, but it is is needed in the definition. """
# class globals
auto_status = ['Automagic is OFF, % prefix IS needed for magic functions.',
'Automagic is ON, % prefix NOT needed for magic functions.']
#......................................................................
# some utility functions
def __init__(self,shell):
self.options_table = {}
if profile is None:
self.magic_prun = self.profile_missing_notice
self.shell = shell
# namespace for holding state we may need
self._magic_state = Bunch()
def profile_missing_notice(self, *args, **kwargs):
error("""\
The profile module could not be found. It has been removed from the standard
python packages because of its non-free license. To use profiling, install the
python-profiler package from non-free.""")
def default_option(self,fn,optstr):
"""Make an entry in the options_table for fn, with value optstr"""
if fn not in self.lsmagic():
error("%s is not a magic function" % fn)
self.options_table[fn] = optstr
def lsmagic(self):
"""Return a list of currently available magic functions.
Gives a list of the bare names after mangling (['ls','cd', ...], not
['magic_ls','magic_cd',...]"""
# FIXME. This needs a cleanup, in the way the magics list is built.
# magics in class definition
class_magic = lambda fn: fn.startswith('magic_') and \
callable(Magic.__dict__[fn])
# in instance namespace (run-time user additions)
inst_magic = lambda fn: fn.startswith('magic_') and \
callable(self.__dict__[fn])
# and bound magics by user (so they can access self):
inst_bound_magic = lambda fn: fn.startswith('magic_') and \
callable(self.__class__.__dict__[fn])
magics = filter(class_magic,Magic.__dict__.keys()) + \
filter(inst_magic,self.__dict__.keys()) + \
filter(inst_bound_magic,self.__class__.__dict__.keys())
out = []
for fn in set(magics):
out.append(fn.replace('magic_','',1))
out.sort()
return out
def extract_input_slices(self,slices,raw=False):
"""Return as a string a set of input history slices.
Inputs:
- slices: the set of slices is given as a list of strings (like
['1','4:8','9'], since this function is for use by magic functions
which get their arguments as strings.
Optional inputs:
- raw(False): by default, the processed input is used. If this is
true, the raw input history is used instead.
Note that slices can be called with two notations:
N:M -> standard python form, means including items N...(M-1).
N-M -> include items N..M (closed endpoint)."""
if raw:
hist = self.shell.input_hist_raw
else:
hist = self.shell.input_hist
cmds = []
for chunk in slices:
if ':' in chunk:
ini,fin = map(int,chunk.split(':'))
elif '-' in chunk:
ini,fin = map(int,chunk.split('-'))
fin += 1
else:
ini = int(chunk)
fin = ini+1
cmds.append(hist[ini:fin])
return cmds
def _ofind(self, oname, namespaces=None):
"""Find an object in the available namespaces.
self._ofind(oname) -> dict with keys: found,obj,ospace,ismagic
Has special code to detect magic functions.
"""
oname = oname.strip()
alias_ns = None
if namespaces is None:
# Namespaces to search in:
# Put them in a list. The order is important so that we
# find things in the same order that Python finds them.
namespaces = [ ('Interactive', self.shell.user_ns),
('IPython internal', self.shell.internal_ns),
('Python builtin', __builtin__.__dict__),
('Alias', self.shell.alias_table),
]
alias_ns = self.shell.alias_table
# initialize results to 'null'
found = False; obj = None; ospace = None; ds = None;
ismagic = False; isalias = False; parent = None
# We need to special-case 'print', which as of python2.6 registers as a
# function but should only be treated as one if print_function was
# loaded with a future import. In this case, just bail.
if (oname == 'print' and not (self.shell.compile.compiler.flags &
__future__.CO_FUTURE_PRINT_FUNCTION)):
return {'found':found, 'obj':obj, 'namespace':ospace,
'ismagic':ismagic, 'isalias':isalias, 'parent':parent}
# Look for the given name by splitting it in parts. If the head is
# found, then we look for all the remaining parts as members, and only
# declare success if we can find them all.
oname_parts = oname.split('.')
oname_head, oname_rest = oname_parts[0],oname_parts[1:]
for nsname,ns in namespaces:
try:
obj = ns[oname_head]
except KeyError:
continue
else:
#print 'oname_rest:', oname_rest # dbg
for part in oname_rest:
try:
parent = obj
obj = getattr(obj,part)
except:
# Blanket except b/c some badly implemented objects
# allow __getattr__ to raise exceptions other than
# AttributeError, which then crashes IPython.
break
else:
# If we finish the for loop (no break), we got all members
found = True
ospace = nsname
if ns == alias_ns:
isalias = True
break # namespace loop
# Try to see if it's magic
if not found:
if oname.startswith(self.shell.ESC_MAGIC):
oname = oname[1:]
obj = getattr(self,'magic_'+oname,None)
if obj is not None:
found = True
ospace = 'IPython internal'
ismagic = True
# Last try: special-case some literals like '', [], {}, etc:
if not found and oname_head in ["''",'""','[]','{}','()']:
obj = eval(oname_head)
found = True
ospace = 'Interactive'
return {'found':found, 'obj':obj, 'namespace':ospace,
'ismagic':ismagic, 'isalias':isalias, 'parent':parent}
def arg_err(self,func):
"""Print docstring if incorrect arguments were passed"""
print 'Error in arguments:'
print OInspect.getdoc(func)
def format_latex(self,strng):
"""Format a string for latex inclusion."""
# Characters that need to be escaped for latex:
escape_re = re.compile(r'(%|_|\$|#|&)',re.MULTILINE)
# Magic command names as headers:
cmd_name_re = re.compile(r'^(%s.*?):' % self.shell.ESC_MAGIC,
re.MULTILINE)
# Magic commands
cmd_re = re.compile(r'(?P<cmd>%s.+?\b)(?!\}\}:)' % self.shell.ESC_MAGIC,
re.MULTILINE)
# Paragraph continue
par_re = re.compile(r'\\$',re.MULTILINE)
# The "\n" symbol
newline_re = re.compile(r'\\n')
# Now build the string for output:
#strng = cmd_name_re.sub(r'\n\\texttt{\\textsl{\\large \1}}:',strng)
strng = cmd_name_re.sub(r'\n\\bigskip\n\\texttt{\\textbf{ \1}}:',
strng)
strng = cmd_re.sub(r'\\texttt{\g<cmd>}',strng)
strng = par_re.sub(r'\\\\',strng)
strng = escape_re.sub(r'\\\1',strng)
strng = newline_re.sub(r'\\textbackslash{}n',strng)
return strng
def format_screen(self,strng):
"""Format a string for screen printing.
This removes some latex-type format codes."""
# Paragraph continue
par_re = re.compile(r'\\$',re.MULTILINE)
strng = par_re.sub('',strng)
return strng
def parse_options(self,arg_str,opt_str,*long_opts,**kw):
"""Parse options passed to an argument string.
The interface is similar to that of getopt(), but it returns back a
Struct with the options as keys and the stripped argument string still
as a string.
arg_str is quoted as a true sys.argv vector by using shlex.split.
This allows us to easily expand variables, glob files, quote
arguments, etc.
Options:
-mode: default 'string'. If given as 'list', the argument string is
returned as a list (split on whitespace) instead of a string.
-list_all: put all option values in lists. Normally only options
appearing more than once are put in a list.
-posix (True): whether to split the input line in POSIX mode or not,
as per the conventions outlined in the shlex module from the
standard library."""
# inject default options at the beginning of the input line
caller = sys._getframe(1).f_code.co_name.replace('magic_','')
arg_str = '%s %s' % (self.options_table.get(caller,''),arg_str)
mode = kw.get('mode','string')
if mode not in ['string','list']:
raise ValueError,'incorrect mode given: %s' % mode
# Get options
list_all = kw.get('list_all',0)
posix = kw.get('posix',True)
# Check if we have more than one argument to warrant extra processing:
odict = {} # Dictionary with options
args = arg_str.split()
if len(args) >= 1:
# If the list of inputs only has 0 or 1 thing in it, there's no
# need to look for options
argv = arg_split(arg_str,posix)
# Do regular option processing
try:
opts,args = getopt(argv,opt_str,*long_opts)
except GetoptError,e:
raise UsageError('%s ( allowed: "%s" %s)' % (e.msg,opt_str,
" ".join(long_opts)))
for o,a in opts:
if o.startswith('--'):
o = o[2:]
else:
o = o[1:]
try:
odict[o].append(a)
except AttributeError:
odict[o] = [odict[o],a]
except KeyError:
if list_all:
odict[o] = [a]
else:
odict[o] = a
# Prepare opts,args for return
opts = Struct(odict)
if mode == 'string':
args = ' '.join(args)
return opts,args
#......................................................................
# And now the actual magic functions
# Functions for IPython shell work (vars,funcs, config, etc)
def magic_lsmagic(self, parameter_s = ''):
"""List currently available magic functions."""
mesc = self.shell.ESC_MAGIC
print 'Available magic functions:\n'+mesc+\
(' '+mesc).join(self.lsmagic())
print '\n' + Magic.auto_status[self.shell.rc.automagic]
return None
def magic_magic(self, parameter_s = ''):
"""Print information about the magic function system.
Supported formats: -latex, -brief, -rest
"""
mode = ''
try:
if parameter_s.split()[0] == '-latex':
mode = 'latex'
if parameter_s.split()[0] == '-brief':
mode = 'brief'
if parameter_s.split()[0] == '-rest':
mode = 'rest'
rest_docs = []
except:
pass
magic_docs = []
for fname in self.lsmagic():
mname = 'magic_' + fname
for space in (Magic,self,self.__class__):
try:
fn = space.__dict__[mname]
except KeyError:
pass
else:
break
if mode == 'brief':
# only first line
if fn.__doc__:
fndoc = fn.__doc__.split('\n',1)[0]
else:
fndoc = 'No documentation'
else:
if fn.__doc__:
fndoc = fn.__doc__.rstrip()
else:
fndoc = 'No documentation'
if mode == 'rest':
rest_docs.append('**%s%s**::\n\n\t%s\n\n' %(self.shell.ESC_MAGIC,
fname,fndoc))
else:
magic_docs.append('%s%s:\n\t%s\n' %(self.shell.ESC_MAGIC,
fname,fndoc))
magic_docs = ''.join(magic_docs)
if mode == 'rest':
return "".join(rest_docs)
if mode == 'latex':
print self.format_latex(magic_docs)
return
else:
magic_docs = self.format_screen(magic_docs)
if mode == 'brief':
return magic_docs
outmsg = """
IPython's 'magic' functions
===========================
The magic function system provides a series of functions which allow you to
control the behavior of IPython itself, plus a lot of system-type
features. All these functions are prefixed with a % character, but parameters
are given without parentheses or quotes.
NOTE: If you have 'automagic' enabled (via the command line option or with the
%automagic function), you don't need to type in the % explicitly. By default,
IPython ships with automagic on, so you should only rarely need the % escape.
Example: typing '%cd mydir' (without the quotes) changes you working directory
to 'mydir', if it exists.
You can define your own magic functions to extend the system. See the supplied
ipythonrc and example-magic.py files for details (in your ipython
configuration directory, typically $HOME/.ipython/).
You can also define your own aliased names for magic functions. In your
ipythonrc file, placing a line like:
execute __IPYTHON__.magic_pf = __IPYTHON__.magic_profile
will define %pf as a new name for %profile.
You can also call magics in code using the ipmagic() function, which IPython
automatically adds to the builtin namespace. Type 'ipmagic?' for details.
For a list of the available magic functions, use %lsmagic. For a description
of any of them, type %magic_name?, e.g. '%cd?'.
Currently the magic system has the following functions:\n"""
mesc = self.shell.ESC_MAGIC
outmsg = ("%s\n%s\n\nSummary of magic functions (from %slsmagic):"
"\n\n%s%s\n\n%s" % (outmsg,
magic_docs,mesc,mesc,
(' '+mesc).join(self.lsmagic()),
Magic.auto_status[self.shell.rc.automagic] ) )
page(outmsg,screen_lines=self.shell.rc.screen_length)
def magic_autoindent(self, parameter_s = ''):
"""Toggle autoindent on/off (if available)."""
self.shell.set_autoindent()
print "Automatic indentation is:",['OFF','ON'][self.shell.autoindent]
def magic_automagic(self, parameter_s = ''):
"""Make magic functions callable without having to type the initial %.
Without argumentsl toggles on/off (when off, you must call it as
%automagic, of course). With arguments it sets the value, and you can
use any of (case insensitive):
- on,1,True: to activate
- off,0,False: to deactivate.
Note that magic functions have lowest priority, so if there's a
variable whose name collides with that of a magic fn, automagic won't
work for that function (you get the variable instead). However, if you
delete the variable (del var), the previously shadowed magic function
becomes visible to automagic again."""
rc = self.shell.rc
arg = parameter_s.lower()
if parameter_s in ('on','1','true'):
rc.automagic = True
elif parameter_s in ('off','0','false'):
rc.automagic = False
else:
rc.automagic = not rc.automagic
print '\n' + Magic.auto_status[rc.automagic]
@testdec.skip_doctest
def magic_autocall(self, parameter_s = ''):
"""Make functions callable without having to type parentheses.
Usage:
%autocall [mode]
The mode can be one of: 0->Off, 1->Smart, 2->Full. If not given, the
value is toggled on and off (remembering the previous state).
In more detail, these values mean:
0 -> fully disabled
1 -> active, but do not apply if there are no arguments on the line.
In this mode, you get:
In [1]: callable
Out[1]: <built-in function callable>
In [2]: callable 'hello'
------> callable('hello')
Out[2]: False
2 -> Active always. Even if no arguments are present, the callable
object is called:
In [2]: float
------> float()
Out[2]: 0.0
Note that even with autocall off, you can still use '/' at the start of
a line to treat the first argument on the command line as a function
and add parentheses to it:
In [8]: /str 43
------> str(43)
Out[8]: '43'
# all-random (note for auto-testing)
"""
rc = self.shell.rc
if parameter_s:
arg = int(parameter_s)
else:
arg = 'toggle'
if not arg in (0,1,2,'toggle'):
error('Valid modes: (0->Off, 1->Smart, 2->Full')
return
if arg in (0,1,2):
rc.autocall = arg
else: # toggle
if rc.autocall:
self._magic_state.autocall_save = rc.autocall
rc.autocall = 0
else:
try:
rc.autocall = self._magic_state.autocall_save
except AttributeError:
rc.autocall = self._magic_state.autocall_save = 1
print "Automatic calling is:",['OFF','Smart','Full'][rc.autocall]
def magic_system_verbose(self, parameter_s = ''):
"""Set verbose printing of system calls.
If called without an argument, act as a toggle"""
if parameter_s:
val = bool(eval(parameter_s))
else:
val = None
self.shell.rc_set_toggle('system_verbose',val)
print "System verbose printing is:",\
['OFF','ON'][self.shell.rc.system_verbose]
def magic_page(self, parameter_s=''):
"""Pretty print the object and display it through a pager.
%page [options] OBJECT
If no object is given, use _ (last output).
Options:
-r: page str(object), don't pretty-print it."""
# After a function contributed by Olivier Aubert, slightly modified.
# Process options/args
opts,args = self.parse_options(parameter_s,'r')
raw = 'r' in opts
oname = args and args or '_'
info = self._ofind(oname)
if info['found']:
txt = (raw and str or pformat)( info['obj'] )
page(txt)
else:
print 'Object `%s` not found' % oname
def magic_profile(self, parameter_s=''):
"""Print your currently active IPyhton profile."""
if self.shell.rc.profile:
printpl('Current IPython profile: $self.shell.rc.profile.')
else:
print 'No profile active.'
def magic_pinfo(self, parameter_s='', namespaces=None):
"""Provide detailed information about an object.
'%pinfo object' is just a synonym for object? or ?object."""
#print 'pinfo par: <%s>' % parameter_s # dbg
# detail_level: 0 -> obj? , 1 -> obj??
detail_level = 0
# We need to detect if we got called as 'pinfo pinfo foo', which can
# happen if the user types 'pinfo foo?' at the cmd line.
pinfo,qmark1,oname,qmark2 = \
re.match('(pinfo )?(\?*)(.*?)(\??$)',parameter_s).groups()
if pinfo or qmark1 or qmark2:
detail_level = 1
if "*" in oname:
self.magic_psearch(oname)
else:
self._inspect('pinfo', oname, detail_level=detail_level,
namespaces=namespaces)
def magic_pdef(self, parameter_s='', namespaces=None):
"""Print the definition header for any callable object.
If the object is a class, print the constructor information."""
self._inspect('pdef',parameter_s, namespaces)
def magic_pdoc(self, parameter_s='', namespaces=None):
"""Print the docstring for an object.
If the given object is a class, it will print both the class and the
constructor docstrings."""
self._inspect('pdoc',parameter_s, namespaces)
def magic_psource(self, parameter_s='', namespaces=None):
"""Print (or run through pager) the source code for an object."""
self._inspect('psource',parameter_s, namespaces)
def magic_pfile(self, parameter_s=''):
"""Print (or run through pager) the file where an object is defined.
The file opens at the line where the object definition begins. IPython
will honor the environment variable PAGER if set, and otherwise will
do its best to print the file in a convenient form.
If the given argument is not an object currently defined, IPython will
try to interpret it as a filename (automatically adding a .py extension
if needed). You can thus use %pfile as a syntax highlighting code
viewer."""
# first interpret argument as an object name
out = self._inspect('pfile',parameter_s)
# if not, try the input as a filename
if out == 'not found':
try:
filename = get_py_filename(parameter_s)
except IOError,msg:
print msg
return
page(self.shell.inspector.format(file(filename).read()))
def _inspect(self,meth,oname,namespaces=None,**kw):
"""Generic interface to the inspector system.
This function is meant to be called by pdef, pdoc & friends."""
#oname = oname.strip()
#print '1- oname: <%r>' % oname # dbg
try:
oname = oname.strip().encode('ascii')
#print '2- oname: <%r>' % oname # dbg
except UnicodeEncodeError:
print 'Python identifiers can only contain ascii characters.'
return 'not found'
info = Struct(self._ofind(oname, namespaces))
if info.found:
try:
IPython.generics.inspect_object(info.obj)
return
except IPython.ipapi.TryNext:
pass
# Get the docstring of the class property if it exists.
path = oname.split('.')
root = '.'.join(path[:-1])
if info.parent is not None:
try:
target = getattr(info.parent, '__class__')
# The object belongs to a class instance.
try:
target = getattr(target, path[-1])
# The class defines the object.
if isinstance(target, property):
oname = root + '.__class__.' + path[-1]
info = Struct(self._ofind(oname))
except AttributeError: pass
except AttributeError: pass
pmethod = getattr(self.shell.inspector,meth)
formatter = info.ismagic and self.format_screen or None
if meth == 'pdoc':
pmethod(info.obj,oname,formatter)
elif meth == 'pinfo':
pmethod(info.obj,oname,formatter,info,**kw)
else:
pmethod(info.obj,oname)
else:
print 'Object `%s` not found.' % oname
return 'not found' # so callers can take other action
def magic_psearch(self, parameter_s=''):
"""Search for object in namespaces by wildcard.
%psearch [options] PATTERN [OBJECT TYPE]
Note: ? can be used as a synonym for %psearch, at the beginning or at
the end: both a*? and ?a* are equivalent to '%psearch a*'. Still, the
rest of the command line must be unchanged (options come first), so
for example the following forms are equivalent
%psearch -i a* function
-i a* function?
?-i a* function
Arguments:
PATTERN
where PATTERN is a string containing * as a wildcard similar to its
use in a shell. The pattern is matched in all namespaces on the
search path. By default objects starting with a single _ are not
matched, many IPython generated objects have a single
underscore. The default is case insensitive matching. Matching is
also done on the attributes of objects and not only on the objects
in a module.
[OBJECT TYPE]
Is the name of a python type from the types module. The name is
given in lowercase without the ending type, ex. StringType is
written string. By adding a type here only objects matching the
given type are matched. Using all here makes the pattern match all
types (this is the default).
Options:
-a: makes the pattern match even objects whose names start with a
single underscore. These names are normally ommitted from the
search.
-i/-c: make the pattern case insensitive/sensitive. If neither of
these options is given, the default is read from your ipythonrc
file. The option name which sets this value is
'wildcards_case_sensitive'. If this option is not specified in your
ipythonrc file, IPython's internal default is to do a case sensitive
search.
-e/-s NAMESPACE: exclude/search a given namespace. The pattern you
specifiy can be searched in any of the following namespaces:
'builtin', 'user', 'user_global','internal', 'alias', where
'builtin' and 'user' are the search defaults. Note that you should
not use quotes when specifying namespaces.
'Builtin' contains the python module builtin, 'user' contains all
user data, 'alias' only contain the shell aliases and no python
objects, 'internal' contains objects used by IPython. The
'user_global' namespace is only used by embedded IPython instances,
and it contains module-level globals. You can add namespaces to the
search with -s or exclude them with -e (these options can be given
more than once).
Examples:
%psearch a* -> objects beginning with an a
%psearch -e builtin a* -> objects NOT in the builtin space starting in a
%psearch a* function -> all functions beginning with an a
%psearch re.e* -> objects beginning with an e in module re
%psearch r*.e* -> objects that start with e in modules starting in r
%psearch r*.* string -> all strings in modules beginning with r
Case sensitve search:
%psearch -c a* list all object beginning with lower case a
Show objects beginning with a single _:
%psearch -a _* list objects beginning with a single underscore"""
try:
parameter_s = parameter_s.encode('ascii')
except UnicodeEncodeError:
print 'Python identifiers can only contain ascii characters.'
return
# default namespaces to be searched
def_search = ['user','builtin']
# Process options/args
opts,args = self.parse_options(parameter_s,'cias:e:',list_all=True)
opt = opts.get
shell = self.shell
psearch = shell.inspector.psearch
# select case options
if opts.has_key('i'):
ignore_case = True
elif opts.has_key('c'):
ignore_case = False
else:
ignore_case = not shell.rc.wildcards_case_sensitive
# Build list of namespaces to search from user options
def_search.extend(opt('s',[]))
ns_exclude = ns_exclude=opt('e',[])
ns_search = [nm for nm in def_search if nm not in ns_exclude]
# Call the actual search
try:
psearch(args,shell.ns_table,ns_search,
show_all=opt('a'),ignore_case=ignore_case)
except:
shell.showtraceback()
def magic_who_ls(self, parameter_s=''):
"""Return a sorted list of all interactive variables.
If arguments are given, only variables of types matching these
arguments are returned."""
user_ns = self.shell.user_ns
internal_ns = self.shell.internal_ns
user_config_ns = self.shell.user_config_ns
out = []
typelist = parameter_s.split()
for i in user_ns:
if not (i.startswith('_') or i.startswith('_i')) \
and not (i in internal_ns or i in user_config_ns):
if typelist:
if type(user_ns[i]).__name__ in typelist:
out.append(i)
else:
out.append(i)
out.sort()
return out
def magic_who(self, parameter_s=''):
"""Print all interactive variables, with some minimal formatting.
If any arguments are given, only variables whose type matches one of
these are printed. For example:
%who function str
will only list functions and strings, excluding all other types of
variables. To find the proper type names, simply use type(var) at a
command line to see how python prints type names. For example:
In [1]: type('hello')\\
Out[1]: <type 'str'>
indicates that the type name for strings is 'str'.
%who always excludes executed names loaded through your configuration
file and things which are internal to IPython.
This is deliberate, as typically you may load many modules and the
purpose of %who is to show you only what you've manually defined."""
varlist = self.magic_who_ls(parameter_s)
if not varlist:
if parameter_s:
print 'No variables match your requested type.'
else:
print 'Interactive namespace is empty.'
return
# if we have variables, move on...
count = 0
for i in varlist:
print i+'\t',
count += 1
if count > 8:
count = 0
print
print
def magic_whos(self, parameter_s=''):
"""Like %who, but gives some extra information about each variable.
The same type filtering of %who can be applied here.
For all variables, the type is printed. Additionally it prints:
- For {},[],(): their length.
- For numpy and Numeric arrays, a summary with shape, number of
elements, typecode and size in memory.
- Everything else: a string representation, snipping their middle if
too long."""
varnames = self.magic_who_ls(parameter_s)
if not varnames:
if parameter_s:
print 'No variables match your requested type.'
else:
print 'Interactive namespace is empty.'
return
# if we have variables, move on...
# for these types, show len() instead of data:
seq_types = [types.DictType,types.ListType,types.TupleType]
# for numpy/Numeric arrays, display summary info
try:
import numpy
except ImportError:
ndarray_type = None
else:
ndarray_type = numpy.ndarray.__name__
try:
import Numeric
except ImportError:
array_type = None
else:
array_type = Numeric.ArrayType.__name__
# Find all variable names and types so we can figure out column sizes
def get_vars(i):
return self.shell.user_ns[i]
# some types are well known and can be shorter
abbrevs = {'IPython.macro.Macro' : 'Macro'}
def type_name(v):
tn = type(v).__name__
return abbrevs.get(tn,tn)
varlist = map(get_vars,varnames)
typelist = []
for vv in varlist:
tt = type_name(vv)
if tt=='instance':
typelist.append( abbrevs.get(str(vv.__class__),
str(vv.__class__)))