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| Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
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| ## Stubs & Monkey Patching DSL | ||
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| A method stub or simply stub in software development is used to stand in for some other programming functionality. This section explains how to perform such replacement with Kahlan. | ||
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| ### Method Stubbing | ||
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| Use `allow()` to stub an existing method on any class like so: | ||
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| ```php | ||
| it("stubs a method by setting a return value", function() { | ||
| $instance = new MyClass(); | ||
| allow($instance)->toReceive('myMethod')->andReturn('Good Morning World!'); | ||
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| expect($instance->myMethod())->toBe('Good Morning World!'); | ||
| }); | ||
| ``` | ||
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| ```php | ||
| it("stubs a method by setting a return value only when some arguments matches", function() { | ||
| $instance = new MyClass(); | ||
| allow($instance)->toReceive('myMethod')->with('Hello!')->andReturn('Good Morning World!'); | ||
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| expect($instance->myMethod('Hello!'))->toBe('Good Morning World!'); | ||
| expect($instance->myMethod())->toBe(null); | ||
| }); | ||
| ``` | ||
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| You can specify multiple return values with: | ||
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| ```php | ||
| it("stubs a method with multiple return values", function() { | ||
| $instance = new MyClass(); | ||
| allow($instance)->toReceive('sequential')->andReturn(1, 3, 2); | ||
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| expect($instance->sequential())->toBe(1); | ||
| expect($instance->sequential())->toBe(3); | ||
| expect($instance->sequential())->toBe(2); | ||
| }); | ||
| ``` | ||
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| You can also stub `static` methods using `::`: | ||
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| ```php | ||
| it("stubs a static method", function() { | ||
| $instance = new MyClass(); | ||
| allow($instance)->toReceive('::myMethod')->andReturn('Good Morning World!'); | ||
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| expect($instance::myMethod())->toBe('Good Morning World!'); | ||
| }); | ||
| ``` | ||
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| It's also possible to use a closure to replace the whole method logic: | ||
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| ```php | ||
| it("stubs a method using a closure", function() { | ||
| allow($foo)->toReceive('myMethod')->andRun(function($param) { return $param; }); | ||
| expect($instance->myMethod('Hello World!'))->toBe('Hello World!'); | ||
| }); | ||
| ``` | ||
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| Moreover you can stub a chain of methods by using the following syntax. | ||
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| ```php | ||
| it('should patch PDO', function() { | ||
| allow('PDO')->toReceive('prepare', 'fetchAll')->andReturn([['name' => 'bob']]); | ||
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| $user = new User(); | ||
| expect($user->all())->toBe([ | ||
| ['name' => 'bob'] | ||
| ]); | ||
| }); | ||
| ``` | ||
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| Where the `User` class is: | ||
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| ```php | ||
| <?php | ||
| use PDO; | ||
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| class User | ||
| { | ||
| protected $_db = null; | ||
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| public function __construct() | ||
| { | ||
| $this->_db = new PDO('mysql:dbname=testdb;host=localhost', 'root',''); | ||
| } | ||
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| public function all() | ||
| { | ||
| $stmt = $this->db->prepare('SELECT * FROM users'); | ||
| $stmt->execute(); | ||
| return $stmt->fetchAll(); | ||
| } | ||
| } | ||
| ``` | ||
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| In practice method chaining is considered as code smells because it tends to violate the Law of Demeter. So use it wisely. | ||
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| Finally, `where()` can be used to specify some arguments requirement for a chain of methods: | ||
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| ```php | ||
| it('returns the stubbed return value when arguments requirement match', function() { | ||
| $query = new MyQuery(); | ||
| allow($query) | ||
| ->toReceive('find', 'where', 'order', 'limit') | ||
| ->where([ | ||
| 'find' => ['widgets']], | ||
| 'where' => [['name' => 'Bottle Opener']], | ||
| 'order' => [['id' => 'desc']], | ||
| 'limit' => [10] | ||
| ]) | ||
| ->andReturn([[id => '123','name' => 'Bottle Opener']]); | ||
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| expect($query->find('widgets') | ||
| ->where(['name' => 'Bottle Opener']) | ||
| ->order(['id' => 'desc']) | ||
| ->limit(10))->toBe([[id => '123','name' => 'Bottle Opener']]); | ||
| }); | ||
| ``` | ||
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| ### <a name="function-stubbing"></a>Function Stubbing | ||
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| Use `allow()` to stub almost all functions like so: | ||
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| ```php | ||
| it("shows some examples of function stubbing", function() { | ||
| allow('time')->toBeCalled()->andReturn(123); | ||
| allow('time')->toBeCalled()->andReturn(123, 456, 789); | ||
| allow('time')->toBeCalled()->andRun(function() { return 123; }); | ||
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| allow('rand')->toBeCalled()->with(0, 10)->andReturn(5); | ||
| }); | ||
| ``` | ||
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| ### <a name="monkey-patching"></a>Monkey Patching | ||
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| Use `allow()` to monkey patch classes like so: | ||
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| ```php | ||
| it("shows some examples of function stubbing", function() { | ||
| // Monkey patch `PDO` and stub chained methods under the hood. | ||
| allow('PDO')->toReceive('prepare->fetchAll')->andReturn([['name' => 'bob']]); | ||
| allow('PDO')->toReceive('prepare->fetchAll')->andRun(function() { | ||
| return [['name' => 'bob']]; | ||
| }); | ||
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| // Monkey patch `PDO` with a specific class. | ||
| allow('PDO')->toBe('My\Alternative\PDO'); | ||
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| // Monkey patch `DateTime` with a specific instance. | ||
| allow('DateTime')->toBe(new DateTime('@123')); | ||
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| // Monkey patch `PDO` with a generic stub instance. | ||
| allow('PDO')->toBeOK(); | ||
| }); | ||
| ``` |
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