String literals in python are surrounded by either single quotation marks, or double quotation marks.
'hello' is the same as "hello"
Strings can be output to screen using the print function. For example: print("hello")
Like many other popular programming languages, strings in Python are arrays of bytes representing unicode characters. However, Python does not have a character data type, a single character is simply a string with a length of 1. Square brackets can be used to access elements of the string.
Example:
Get the character at position 1 (remember that in python, position starts from 0. Say: 0,1,2,...):
a = "Hello, World!"
print(a[1])
Substring. Get the characters from position 2 to position 5 (not included):
b = "Hello, World!"
print(b[2:5])
The strip() method removes any whitespace from the beginning or the end:
a = " Hello, World ! "
print(a.strip())
The upper() method returns the string in upper case:
a = "Hello, World!"
print(a.upper())
The len() method returns the length of a string:
a = "Hello, World!"
print(len(a))
The replace() method replaces a string with another string:
a = "Hello, World!"
print(a.replace("H", "J"))
The split() method splits the string into substrings if it finds instances of the separator:
a = "Hello, World!"
print(a.split(","))
| Input | Output |
|---|---|
| print(a[1]) #for a = "Hello, World!" | e |
| print(b[2:5]) #for b = "Hello, World!" | llo |
| print(a.strip()) #for a = " Hello, World ! " | Hello, World ! |
| print(len(a)) #for a = "Hello, World!" | 13 |
| print(a.lower()) #for a = "Hello, World!" | hello, world! |
| print(a.upper()) #for a = "Hello, World!" | HELLO, WORLD! |
| print(a.replace("H", "J")) #for a = "Hello, World!" | Jello, World! |
| print(a.split(",")) #for a = "Hello, World!" | ['Hello', ' World!'] |
Python allows for command line input. That means we are able to ask the user for input by using the input() method.
E.g.,
print("Enter your name:")
x = input()
print("Hello, ", x)
or
y = input("Enter your name: \n")
print("Hello, ", y)