Ruby versions changelog

Intro

See full version of this project on https://rubychangelog.com/

This page was last updated on 2025-11-13 via rake readme task

Ruby changelog

Ruby 3.4

• 🔒 EOL 2028-03-31
• Implementations: MRI 3.4.7
• 🆕 it block parameter reference
• ⚙️ Prism becomes the default parser
• ⚙️ Major YJIT performance improvements with compressed context
• ⚙️ Happy Eyeballs Version 2 (RFC 8305) support in socket library
• ⚙️ Modular GC architecture allowing alternative garbage collector implementations
• ⚙️ Array methods rewritten in Ruby for better performance
• ⚙️ JSON.parse approximately 1.5x faster than json-2.7.x

Ruby 3.3

• 🔒 EOL 2027-03-31
• Implementations: MRI 3.3.10
• ⚙️ Introduced Prism parser as a default gem
• ⚙️ Lrama replaces Bison as parser generator
• ⚙️ Major YJIT performance improvements, introduction of RJIT
• ⚙️ Introduction of M:N thread scheduler
• ⚙️ Several performance improvements in the Garbage Collector
• ⚙️ Enhancements in IRB: advanced irb:rdbg integration; pager support

Ruby 3.2

• 🔒 EOL 2026-03-31
• Implementations: MRI 3.2.9
• ⚙️ WASI based WebAssembly support
• ⚙️ Production-ready YJIT
• ⚙️ Regexp improvements against ReDoS
• ⚙️ IRB improvements (SyntaxSuggest, ErrorHighlight)
• ⚙️ Bundler 2.4 now uses PubGrub resolver instead of Molinillo

Ruby 3.1

• 🔒 EOL 2025-03-31
• Implementations: MRI 3.1.6
• 🆕 debug gem: A new debugger
• 🆕 error_highlight: Fine-grained error location in backtrace
• 🆕 IRB Autocomplete and Documentation Display
• 🔄 Values in Hash literals and keyword arguments can be omitted.
• 🔄 Updates in RBS / TypeProf
• ⚙️ YJIT: New experimental in-process JIT compiler 🧪

Ruby 3.0

• 🔒 EOL 2024-04-23
• Implementations: MRI 3.0.7
• 🆕 Ractor - Actor-model like concurrent abstraction 🧪
• 🆕 Fiber Scheduler for light-weight concurrency 🧪
• 🆕 RBS - a language to describe the structure of Ruby classes
• 🆕 TypeProf - type analysis tool, generates RBS type signatures 🧪
• 🆕 Hash#except
• 🔄 Keyword arguments are separated from other arguments
• 🔄 Rightward assignment statement
• 🔄 Reversed (again) order of backtrace 🧪
• 🔄 Endless method definition def square(x) = x * x
• ⚙️ MJIT improvements

Ruby 2.7

• 🔒 EOL 2023-03-31
• Implementations: MRI 2.7.8
• 🆕 Pattern Matching 🧪
• 🔄 REPL improvements
• 🔄 Separation of positional and keyword arguments
• 🔄 Argument forwarding
• ⚙️ Compaction GC

Ruby 2.6

• 🔒 EOL 2022-04-13
• Implementations: MRI 2.6.10
• 🆕 endless ranges (1..)
• 🆕 Enumerable#chain
• 🆕 function composition operators <<, >> to Proc
• 🔄 #then alias for #yield_self
• ⚙️ JIT compiler --jit
• ⚙️ Bundler is installed as a default gem

Ruby 2.5

• 🔒 EOL 2021-04-06
• Implementations: MRI 2.5.9, JRuby 9.2.0.0
• 🆕 yield_self
• 🆕 rescue in blocks
• 🆕 Hash#slice and Hash#transform_keys
• 🆕 ERB#result_with_hash
• 🔄 New Array aliases - #prepend (#unshift) and #append (#push)
• 🔄 Pattern argument on Enumerable methods
• 🔄 Keyword arguments on Struct.new
• 🔄 Removed Top-level constant lookup
• 🔄 Reverse order of backtrace (oldest call first) 🧪

Ruby 2.4

• 🔒 EOL 2020-04-01
• Implementations: MRI 2.4.10
• 🆕 Enumerable#sum
• 🆕 Integer#digits
• 🆕 Regexp#match?, Regexp#named_captures
• 🔄 New constructor Logger.new(STDOUT, level:, progname:)
• 🔄 Float: #round, #ceil, #floor, and #truncate now accept a precision
• 🗑️ Removed Fixnum and Bignum classes (unified to Integer)

Ruby 2.3

• 🔒 EOL 2019-03-31
• Implementations: MRI 2.3.8, JRuby 9.1.17.0
• 🆕 Safe navigation operator &.
• 🆕 Frozen string literals
• 🆕 Array#dig
• 🆕 Hash#fetch_values, Hash#to_proc, Hash#dig
• 🆕 'Did you mean?'

Ruby 2.2

• 🔒 EOL 2018-03-31
• 🗑️ callcc is obsolete - use Fiber instead
• 🗑️ DL has been removed from stdlib - use Fiddle instead
• ⚙️ Incremental GC - fixes performance for 'old' objects
• ⚙️ The introduction of GC for symbols (mortal/immortal)

Ruby 2.1

• 🔒 EOL 2017-03-31
• 🆕 Refinements
• 🆕 Exception#cause - for libraries exceptions
• 🆕 Rational and Complex literals
• 🆕 Generational GC - young / old objects

Ruby 2.0

• 🔒 EOL 2016-02-24
• 🆕 Keyword arguments
• 🆕 Module#prepend
• 🆕 Enumerator#lazy
• 🆕 %i a literal for symbol array

Development

Documentation app

Documentation app is built using mkdocs with mkdocs-material theme.

To rebuild documentation pages from templates/docs/**:

$ rake doc
# Writing to mkdocs-material/docs/versions-latest.md .. Done
# Writing to docs/docs/versions-all.md .. Done
# ...

To start documentation app locally:

$ cd docs
$ mkdocs serve

Open http://localhost:8000/

Deployment

Deployment to github Pages is set up via github actions using mkdocs gh-deploy command.

Readme

To rebuild this README.md from templates/README.md.erb:

$ rake readme
# Writing to README.MD .. Done

$ mdserve README.md
# Server running at http://localhost:3000

Open http://localhost:3000/

New Ruby version?

1. Compare Ruby releases page with ruby_versions.json if there are new Ruby versions.
   • update ruby_versions.json with new versions details
2. Update latest info about CVE - run rake fetch:cve
3. Regenerate all artifacts - rake doc readme
4. Verify - mdserve README.md and on mkdocs
5. Commit & publish